Extenso Curvas de Destilación

8/16/2019 Extenso Curvas de Destilación

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INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL

ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA EINDUSTRIAS EXTRACTIVAS

DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA PETROLERA

TALLER DE ANÁLISIS DEL PETRÓLEO

CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN

INTEGRANTES: EQUIPO 8

ANTUNA RODRIGUEZ ROBERTO DE JESÚS

GONZÁELZ BAUTISTA MARCO ANTONIO

TREJO TREJO OSCAR

PROFESOR:

M. e C. JOS! MARTÍN RAMÍREZ MANZANO

GRUPO: "PM#$


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1.-INTRODUCCIÓN:

L% &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ e+ ' 0%(12e,(3 0%(% % &%(%&,e(-4%&-/ *e ' 0e,(/e3 5 +'+6(%&&-3e+7 'e +e 39,-ee 2e*-%,e *e+,-%&-/ ',--4%*3 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ e+,%*%(-4%*3+.

L3+ &320'e+,3+ 0'(3+ -e()e % '% ,e20e(%,'(% 6-;%7 2-e,(%+ 'e e 0e,(/e3 &('*3 3 +'+6(%&&-3e+7 03( +e( '% 2e4&% &3+,-,'-*% *e 2'&3+ &320'e+,3+ -e()e % *-+,-,%+,e20e(%,'(%+ *e0e*-e*3 *e % &3203+-&-/.

L% ,e20e(%,'(% *e e9'-&-/ *e 3+ -*(3&%(9'(3+ +e (e0(e+e,% 2e*-%,e '% &'()% *e*e+,-%&-/ 7 +'

0(30/+-,3 0(-&-0% e+ 2e*-( &3 e%&,-,'* 3+ (e*-2-e,3+ e )3'2e *e ' 03(&e,%;e *e

*e+,-%*3. E 2@,3*3 %0-&%*3 e+ e ASTM D"8H"7 e+,% *e+,-%&-/ e+ '% 30e(%&-/ *-+&3,-'%7

*e6--*% 03( '% &3'2% *e $# % $8 0%,3+ ,e/(-&3+7 'e 30e(% &3 '% (e%&-/ *e (e6';3 *e :$ 5

":$7 % &3*-&-3e+ *e 0(e+-/ %,23+6@(-&% 5 0(e+-3e+ (e*'&-*%+ *e $ 5 " 22?


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De+,-%&-/ % 0(e+-/ (e*'&-*%. E+,e ,-03 *e *e+,-%&-/ +e e20e% 0%(% *e,e(2-%( &'()%+ *e

*e+,-%&-/ *e 6(%&&-3e+ 0e+%*%+ *e 0e,(/e3 'e 0'e*e +'6(-( *e+-,e?(%&-/ ,@(2-&% *'(%,e %

)%03(-4%&-/ % 0(e+-/ %,23+6@(-&%. Se *-+03e *e *3+ 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ e0e(-2e,%e+:

• M@,3*3 ASTM D$$. Se (e'-e(e " 2L *e 2'e+,(%7 % *e+,-%&-/ +e e6e&,%

3(2%2e,e % '% 0(e+-/ *e )%&-/ e,(e $K 22? 5 ,e20e(%,'(% 21-2% *e )%03( 53

63*3 *e #C.

• M@,3*3 ASTM D". C3 e+,e 0(3&e*-2-e,3 +e 0'e*e *e+,-%( 6(%&&-3e+ 0e+%*%+ *e

0e,(/e3 % '% 0(e+-/ *e )%&3 $.22?.

De+,-%&-/ +-2'%*%. E+ '% 0('e9% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*%7 % &'% '+% &(32%,3?(%6% *e ?%+e+ 0%(%

&%(%&,e(-4%( 6(%&&-3e+ *e 0e,(/e3 5 +'+ 0(3*'&,3+7 'e 0e(2-,e 0(e*e&-( '% *-+,(-9'&-/ *e +'+

-,e()%3+ *e e9'-&-/. L%+ 2'e+,(%+ +3 %%-4%*%+ e '% &3'2% *e &(32%,3?(%6% 3 03%(7 'e

+e0%(% 3+ -*(3&%(9'(3+ e 6'&-/ *e +'+ ,e20e(%,'(%+ *e e9'-&-/. E+ '% ,@&-&% %%,-&% (10-*%

'e e20e% '% &%,-*%* 2-2% *e 2'e+,(% 5 0%(,-&'%(2e,e e+ ',--4%*% e ,(%9%;3+ *e

-)e+,-?%&-/.• E 2@,3*3 ',--4%*3 e+ e ASTM D"88 0%(% ?%+/e3+ 5 '9(-&%,e+.

• ASTM D$ 0%(% ?%+3-%+.

• ASTM D$H 0%(% &('*3+ 5 0(3*'&,3+ 0e+%*3+.

V%03(%&-/ F%+ e e'--9(-3 7 . E+,% &'()% *e

*e+,-%&-/ e+ % 2e3+ -203(,%,e 5 e0e(-2e,%2e,e e+ 2'5 *-6&- *e 2e*-(. P%(% *e,e(2-%(

&%*% ,e20e(%,'(% *e e9'-&-/ +e (e'-e(e ' e0e(-2e,3. L% 0('e9% +e (e%-4% % 0(e+-/

%,23+6@(-&%. P%(% ,ee( '% &'()% &320e,% *e % EFV +e (e'-e(e % 2e3+ ,e20e(%,'(%+ %

$777 5 H= )3'2e )%03(-4%*3.

L%+ &'()%+ *e *e+,-%&-/ +e &%+-6-&% e De+,-%&-/ 3 V%03(-4%&-/ D-6e(e&-% 5 V%03(-4%&-/ e E'--9(-3

De+,-%&-/ *-6e(e&-%. L% *e+,-%&-/ ASTM e+ *e ,-03 *e )%03(-4%&-/ *-6e(e&-%7 'e +e

&%(%&,e(-4% 03( e e&3 'e % %'2e,%( % ,e20e(%,'(% 'e % 2'e+,(% % *e+,-%(7 +e -9e(% '%

&%,-*%* *e,e(2-%*% *e )%03(e+7 'e +e e,(%e -2e*-%,%2e,e *e +-+,e2%. E-+,e ' 0e'e3

(e6';3 e e &'e3 *e 2%,(%4 03( % 0@(*-*% *e &%3(.

V%03(-4%&-/ e e e'--9(-3. C'%*3 +e 63(2% 3+ )%03(e+7 e+,3+ 3 +3 e,(%*3+ *e +-+,e2%7 +-3

'e +e 2%,-ee e &3,%&,3 ,-23 &3 e '-*3 %+,% e?%( % '% ,e20e(%,'(% % % &'% +e

0(3*'&e % +e0%(%&-/ *e %+ *3+ 6%+e+ e e'--9(-3. N3 +e %+e?'(% '% 9'e% +e0%(%&-/ *e 3+&3203e,e+.

L%+ &'()%+ *e *e+,-%&-/ e e'--9(-3 +3 -203(,%,e+ &'%*3 +e (e'-e(e &33&e( %+ &3*-&-3e+

*e ,(%9%;3 *e %?'3+ 0(3&e+3+ -*'+,(-%e+7 03( e;e2037 e e &%e,%2-e,3 *e 0e,(/e3 &('*3 e

' 3(3 ,'9'%(.


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2.2.- COMPORTAMIENTO DE LOS DIFERENTES TIPOS DE CURVAS DEDESTILACIÓN:

2.3 INTERCONVERSIÓN DE CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN:

Se *-+03e *e *-)e(+3+ 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ 0%(% % -,e(&3)e(+-/ *e %+ &'()%+ *e *e+,-%&-/ &3+-*e(%*3

e %?'3+ &%+3+ 'e % -,e(+e&&-/ *e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM 5 TBP e+ %0(3-2%*%2e,e % =

)3'2e.

• M@,3*3 E*2-+,e(. E+ ' 0(3&e*-2-e,3 0%(% &3)e(,-( % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D8 %

TBP.• M@,3*3 P-(3323)KBe-+e?e(. P(3&e*-2-e,3 0%(% &3)e(,-( % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM

D8 % TBP.• M@,3*3 Ne+3. P(3&e*-2-e,3 0%(% &3)e(,-( &'()%+ *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM 3 TBP % VFE.• M@,3*3 *e Ne+3 *e -,e()%3+ (e+,(-?-*3+. P(3&e*-2-e,3 0%(% &3)e(,-( &'()%+ *e

*e+,-%&-/ ASTM 3 TBP % VFE. Re&32e*%*3 &'%*3 % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ 0(e+e,%

-((e?'%(-*%*e+ e e -,e()%3 *e e9'-&-/.• M@,3*3 E*2-+,e(KO%23,3. De+&(-9e ' 0(3&e*-2-e,3 0%(% &3)e(,-( %+ &'()%+ *e

*e+,-%&-/ ASTM 3 TBP % &'()%+ VFE. C3+-*e(% '% 0e*-e,e %&e,'%*% e,(e e $ 5

= )3'2e.

• M@,3*3 Ne+3 3 API. C3)e(+-/ *e &'()%+ ASTM 3 TBP % VFE % 0(e+-3e+ 2%53(e+ 'e% %,23+6@(-&%.

E+,3+ 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ ',--4% *-)e(+%+ ?(16-&%+ 0%(% e+,-2%( )%3(e+ e+0e&6-&3+ 'e -20-&% 3+ *-)e(+3+

&1&'3+7 5 %*e21+7 +3 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ 'e e e 6','(3 +e 03*(1 +'+,-,'-( 03( 3,(3+ 'e)3+.

2.4.-CONVERSIÓN DE CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN ASTM D86 A TBP:


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2.4.1.-Mé!"! D#$%&'

• Se *e,e(2-% e0e(-2e,%2e,e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D8

• L% ,e20e(%,'(% *e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ +e &3)-e(,e % F

• L% ,e20e(%,'(% ASTM D8 % = )3. Se &3)-e(,e % TBP7 ',--4%*3 % +-?'-e,e e&'%&-/:

• Se *e,e(2-% %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e ,e20e(%,'(%+ *e 3+ -,e()%3+ *e &3(,e $KH=7

HK=7 K=7 K=7 K$= 5 $K= )3.

• Se *e,e(2-% %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e ,e20e(%,'(%+ &3 % +-?'-e,e e&'%&-/:

A 5 B +3 &3+,%,e+ 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e +3 (e03(,%*3+ e % ,%9% C$.

• Se &%&'% %+ ,e20e(%,'(%+ *e &'%'-e( 03(&e,%;e *e *e+,-%*37 2e*-%,e %+ +-?'-e,e+

&3((e%&-3e+ &3+-*e(%*3 --&-%2e,e % ,e20e(%,'(% TBP % = &%&'%*% &3 % e&'%&-/ $7 5

+'2%*3 3 (e+,%*3 %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e ,e20e(%,'(%+ &%&'%*%+ &3 % e&'%&-/ ".

2.4.2.-Mé!"! R(#)(-D#$%&'

• Se *e,e(2-% e0e(-2e,%2e,e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D8.• L% ,e20e(%,'(% *e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ +e &3)-e(,e % e)-.• L%+ ,e20e(%,'(%+ TBP +e *e,e(2-% &3 % e&'%&-/ #7 e20e%*3 %+ &3+,%,e+ % 5 9 *e % ,%9%

C".


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2.*.-CONVERSIÓN DE CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN TBP A ASTM D86:

Se -)-e(,e e 0(3&e*-2-e,3 *e % &3)e(+-/ ASTM % TBP


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• L% S? 0(e6e(e,e2e,e *e9e +e( *e,e(2-%*% &3 % *e+-*%*7 %9+3',% e0e(-2e,%7 +-e29%(?37 e &%*% &%+3 *e 3 *-+03e(+e7 +e 0'e*e e+,-2%( ,e/(-&%2e,e &3 % +-?'-e,e

e&'%&-/:

T$ 5 T7 ,e20e(%,'(% % $ 5 = )3. *e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D7

L% e&'%&-/ $ e+ )1-*% 0%(% +? e,(e .K$.

2.8.-CONVERSIÓN DE CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN SIMULADA /DS0 A ASTM D86:

• L% &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*% +e 39,-ee e0e(-2e,%2e,e 2e*-%,e e 2@,3*3 ASTM

D"88.• Se &%&'% % ,e20e(%,'(% ASTM D8 % = )3. % 0%(,-( *e %+ ,e20e(%,'(%+ DS % = 0e+3

&3 % +-?'-e,e e&'%&-/.

L% ,e20e(%,'(% DS % = 0e+3 e+ e e)-.

• De % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ e0e(-2e,% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*% +e *e,e(2-% %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e

,e20e(%,'(%+ 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e $KH7 HK7 K7 K. K$7 $K=

0e+3.• C3 % +-?'-e,e e&'%&-/ +e *e,e(2-% %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e ,e20e(%,'(%+ ASTM 0%(%

&%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e -.

∆ASTM7 D-6e(e&-% *e ,e20e(%,'(% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D8 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e -7 C.

∆DS7 D-6e(e&-% *e ,e20e(%,'(% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*% 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e -7 C.

E7F7 &3+,%,e+ 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e 'e +e (e03(,% e % ,%9% C#.


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• L% ,e20e(%,'(% *e % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ ASTM D8 % &'%'-e( 03(&-e,3 *e *e+,-%*3 +e &%&'%

&3 9%+e e % ,e20e(%,'(% ASTM D8 % =7 +'2%*3 3 (e+,%*3 %+ *-6e(e&-%+ ASTM D87

.

E+,e 0(3&e*-2-e,3 +e %0-&% 0%(% 6(%&&-3e+ *e 0e,(/e3 0%(% ' -,e()%3 *e ,e20e(%,'(% ASTM D8 *e K

$C % =. L% *e+)-%&-/ %9+3',% 0(32e*-3 e+ *e C.

2..-C!,!'#,(&! "& #5 $'7#5 "& "&5(#( ASTM D86 9 5(,$#"# /DS>:

2.1+.-CONVERSIÓN DE CURVAS DE DESTILACIÓN SIMULADA /DS0 A TBP:

• L% &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*% +e 39,-ee e0e(-2e,%2e,e 2e*-%,e e 2@,3*3 ASTM

D"88.• Se %+'2e 'e % ,e20e(%,'(% TBP % = )3. E+ -?'% % % ,e20e(%,'(% DS % = 0e+3 .• De % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/ e0e(-2e,% *e *e+,-%&-/ +-2'%*% +e *e,e(2-% %+ *-6e(e&-%+ *e

,e20e(%,'(%+ 0%(% &%*% -,e()%3 *e &3(,e $KH7 HKH7 HK7 K7 K7 K$7 $K

=0e+3.


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3.-DISCUSIÓN:

P%(% 23*e%( '% 30e(%&-/ 'e -)3'&(e 0e,(/e37 e+ e&e+%(-3 &33&e(7 3 % 2e3+ e+,-2%(7 %+ 0(30-e*%*e+

*e 2-+23. L% *e,e(2-%&-/ e%&,% *e % &3203+-&-/ *e ' &('*3 3 e+ 03+-9e *e9-*3 % % ?(% &%,-*%* *e

&3203e,e+ 'e -,e?(% % 2e4&%. Se &%(%&,e(-4% e,3&e+ e 0e,(/e3 03( '% &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/

(e%-4%*% *e %&'e(*3 % 0(3&e*-2-e,3+ e+,%*%(-4%*3+ . L'e?3 +e

e20e% &3((e%&-3e+ e-+,e,e+ 0%(% e+,-2%(%+ 0(30-e*%*e+ 6+-&%+ *e 0e,(/e3 % 0%(,-( *e %+ ,e20e(%,'(%+

'e &363(2% % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/. A+7 e &('*3 0'e*e +e( 23*e%*3 &323 ' ?('03 *e &3203e,e+

-03,@,-&3+ &'5%+ 0(30-e*%*e+ *% 63(2% % % &'()% *e *e+,-%&-/. Me*-&-3e+ e0e(-2e,%e+ &323 %

*e+-*%*7 % )-+&3+-*%*7 e,&.7 ?ee(% 'e)%+ &'()%+ 'e 0e(2-,e %;'+,%( %+ e+,-2%&-3e+ 0%(% e &('*3.

L% *e+,-%&-/ *e 0e,(/e3 e %93(%,3(-3 e+ *e ?(% ',--*%* e e (e6-%2-e,3 5 63(2'%&-/ *e &329'+,-9e+7

,(e+ *e 3+ e+%53+ 21+ -203(,%,e+ +3: % &'()% ASTM7 % TBP 5 % EFV P3(&e,%;e (e&'0e(%*3: E+ e )3'2e e 27 *e '-*3 &3*e+%*3 'e +e (e&3?e e % 0(39e,% &3e&,%(%

&3((e+03*-e,e % '% *e,e(2-%*% e&,'(% +-2',%e% *e ,e(2/2e,(3.


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*> P3(&e,%;e *e (e&'0e(%&-/: E+ e 21-23 )3'2e (e&3?-*3 e % 0(39e,%.

e> P3(&e,%;e *e (e&'0e(%&-/. ,3,%: E+ % +'2% *e 03(&e,%;e *e (e&'0e(%&-/ 5 e (e+-*'3 *e 2%,(%4. ""

6> P3(&e,%;e *e (e+-*'3: E )3'2e *e (e+-*'3 e 2 2e*-*3 *-(e&,%2e,e.

?> P3(&e,%;e *e 0@(*-*%: E+ -?'% % &-e 2e3+ e 03(&e,%;e *e (e&'0e(%&-/ ,3,%.

*.-REFERENCIAS BIBLIOR;FICAS:

$.K A0',e+ C'()%+ *e *e+,-%&-/ *e 3+ -*(3&%(9'(3+Y. U-*%* *e %0(e*-4%;e: C%(%&,e(-4%&-/ *e 0e,(/e35 +'+ 0(3*'&,3+. D(. G'+,%)3 Je++ M%((3' S1&e4.

6.- ANE


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De+-?%&-/: D8K$"

M@,3*3 *e 0('e9% e+,1*%( 0%(% % *e+,-%&-/ *e 0e,(/e3 % 0(e+-/ %,23+6@(-&%.

$$. Le&,'(%+ *e ,e20e(%,'(%+ &3((e&,%+ % $$. P% *e 0(e+-/. O9,ee( % &3((e&&-/ 'e *e9e %0-&%(+e %&%*% e&,'(% *e % ,e20e(%,'(% 03( 2e*-3 *e % e&'%&-/ *e S-*e5 3'? &323 +e *% e % e& 7 e& # 5 e& +e?&3((e+03*%7 3 03( e '+3 *e % T%9% .

P%(% ,e20e(%,'(%+ e ?(%*3+ Ce+-'+:

C& .H


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A =5.994295−0.972546 log10 P

2663.129−95.76log10 P

D3*e:

P 0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 22? 3

A =5.994295−0.972546 log10 P

2663.129−95.76log10 P

D3*e:

P 0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 22? . Se &%&'% A '+%*3 e&.A.# 3 e&. A.:

A =5.897249−0.987672 log10 P

2962.909−43log10 P

D3*e:


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P0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 P%. O

A =6.761559−0.987672 log10 P

3000.538−43log10 P

D3*e:

P 0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 22?.

D&5(#( ASTM D*236:

De+-?%&-/: D"K$

M@,3*3 *e 0('e9% e+,1*%( 0%(% % *e+,-%&-/ *e 2e4&%+ *e -*(3&%(9'(3+ 0e+%*3+

A#. C1&'3.

A#..$ C3)e(,-( ,e20e(%,'(% *e )%03( 39+e()%*% % ,e20e(%,'(% %,23+6@(-&% e'-)%e,e ',--4%*3 % e&. A#.$:

AET

748.1 A

( 1T +273.1 )+0.3861 A −0.00051606−273.1

D3*e:

AET ,e20e(%,'(% e'-)%e,e %,23+6@(-&%7 C7 5

T ,e20e(%,'(% *e )%03( 39+e()%*%

A#..$.$ S- % 0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/ [.". Se &%&'% A '+%*3 e&.A.# 3 e&. A.:


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A =5.897249−0.987672 log10 P

2962.909−43log10 P

D3*e:

P0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 P%. O

A =6.761559−0.987672 log10 P

3000.538−43log10 P

D3*e:

P 0(e+-/ *e 30e(%&-/7 22?.

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