Refuerzo_Curso12_13
-
Upload
inma-jimenez -
Category
Documents
-
view
35 -
download
0
Transcript of Refuerzo_Curso12_13
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
1/55
Reinforcementand Extension
Worksheets
Science,Geography and History
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
2/55
ContentsPage
Reinforcement Worksheets
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Animals and plants ..................................
Food........................................................
Breathing.................................................
Men and women.....................................
Life cycles...............................................
The universe...........................................
Minerals .................................................
Ecosystems..............................................
Light .......................................................
Materials..................................................
Where do we live? ...................................Oceans and continents ...........................
Government and society..........................
The Romans............................................
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Extension Worksheets
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
89
10
11
12
13
14
Animals and plants ..................................
Food........................................................
Breathing.................................................
Men and women.....................................
Life cycles...............................................
The universe...........................................
Minerals .................................................
Ecosystems..............................................Light .......................................................
Materials..................................................
Where do we live? ...................................Oceans and continents ...........................
Government and society..........................
The Romans............................................
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
3940
41
42
43
44
45
Answer Key ................................................... 46
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
3/55
1 Animals and plants REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Answer these questions.
a.Whendoanimalsin hotplaceslookforfood?
b.Howareanimalsin coldplacesprotectedfromthecold?
2. Match the columns.
a. All plants need fix it to the soil.
b. Plants absorb water through their roots.
c. The roots of the plant water and sunlight.
d. Plants make a warm temperature.
e. Most plants need their own food.
3. Where do these plants live? Decide and write.
a b c d
4 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
water lilies cactus ferns moss
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
4/55
REINFORCEMENT
4. Complete the paragraph about dinosaurs.
Dinosaursdisappearedmillionsofyearsago.Theywerelike
(crocodiles and lizards). Their skin was covered with . They were
born from .
5. Use these words to label the dinosaurs.
a.
It was a .
It was metres long.
b.
It was a .
It was metres long.
c.
It was a .
It was metres long.
5ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Diplodocus Triceratops Tyrannosaurus
carnivore herbivore herbivore
9 27 12
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
5/55
2 Food REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Find 14 words in the wordsearch and complete the two tables.
The origins of food
Name two other substances we need which do not come from plants or animals:
Food groups
6 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Group 1 Milk,
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Food which comes from animals Food which comes from plants
M E A T B F R U I T
I G Q V R I C E A S
L G C H E E S E P U
K S W P A S T A P G
F I S H D Q Z P L A
Y O G H U R T V E R
Z Q O R A N G E S X
V E G E T A B L E S
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
6/55
REINFORCEMENT2.Whydoweneedfoodfromallfourgroups?
3. Match the two columns.
a. Our stomach
b. The large intestine
c. Food enters our body
d. At the end of the large intestinee. Our oesophagus
f. Our intestine
g. The small intestine
1. through our mouth.
2. is a long tube.
3. is about seven metres long.
4. is like a bag.
5. is about a metre and a half.
6. is the anus.
7. is between our mouth and our stomach.
4. Complete the sentences and describe some of the stages of digestion.
a. Digestion begins in the .a
Our chew the food.
Our mixes the food with
.
b. In the , the food isb
mixed with .
c.In thec
the food is divided. The useful parts go into
.
What happensto thepartsofourfood which we cannotuse?
7ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
7/55
3 Breathing REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Label the illustration. Then complete the sentences.Air enters our body through
the andmouth.
It goes down through the
and the
and into the .
What happenswhenwe inhale?
And whenwe exhale?
2. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
a. The journey of our blood around our body is called respiration.
b. Blood carries substances from digestion to different parts of our body.
c. Blood also carries oxygen and collects waste products.
d. The heart is below the two lungs.
e. Blood circulates around our body inside bronchial tubes.
f. Arteries carry the blood from the heart to the rest of our body.
g. Arteries also carry the blood from our body back to the heart.
h. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that connect veins and arteries.
8 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
8/55
REINFORCEMENT3. Add the kidneys to this illustration. Label it.
4. Answer these questions.
a.Whatisexcretion?
b.Whatorgansmakeup theexcretorysystem?
c.Whatdothekidneysdo?
d.Whereisurinestored?
5. Cross out the odd word.
a. nose nostrils capillaries lungs
b. trachea blood inhale oxygen
c. heart veins arteries exhale
d. blood vessels kidney urine bladder
9ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
9/55
4 Men and women REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Use the words to label the illustrations.
Male reproductive system
Female reproductive system
2. Answer the questions.
a.Whatdomensbodiesmake?
b.Whatdowomensbodiesmake?
c.Whendoesfertilisationoccur?
d.Wheredoesafoetusgrow?
e.Whatispregnancy?
f. Howlongdoespregnancylast?
g.Whendoesbirth occur?
10 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
ovaries vulva prostate penis uterus testicles vagina
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
10/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Complete the sentences.
a.Atthebeginning,foetusesare
b.Atthreemonths,foetusesmeasure
c.Atninemonths,babiesmeasure
4. Use these words to label the photographs.
a b
Manybabies Theylearnto
at about six months old. when they are a few months old.
c d
Manybabieslearnto Somecan
when they are about 14 months old. when they are two years old.
5. Complete the table with the names of your family and friends.
11ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Childhood
Youth
Maturity
Old age
walk get teeth speak crawl
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
11/55
5 Life cycles REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Circle the correct words.
a. The adult stage is the longest/ the shortest life stage for vertebrates.
b. Mammals are oviparous/ viviparous animals.
c. Birds are oviparous/ viviparous animals.
d. Herbivores eat plants an animals/ plants.
e. Omnivores eat plants an animals/ plants.
f. Carnivores eat other animals/ plants.
What is the difference between viviparous animals and oviparous animals
2. Match the columns.
a. Many animals, like horses, breathe through their gills.
b. Other animals, like insects, come to the surface for air.
c. Most aquatic animals, like fish, breathe through their lungs.
d. Some aquatic animals, like dolphins, breathe through a tracheal system.
Draw the gills on the fish.
Draw the lungs on the horse.
12 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
12/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Answer the questions.
a.Whatisgermination?
b.Whatarethethreestepsofgermination?
First,
Then,
Finally,
c.Whattubersdoyoueat?
d.Whatrootsdoyoueat?
4. Use the words to complete the text. Then label the illustration.
Plants make their own food. ,
the roots absorb and
from the soil.
This mixture is .
, the raw sap travels up the stem to
the . Plants also
need and carbon dioxide
to make their food. In the leaves, the raw sap is
transformed into .
, the elaborated sap travels from
the leaves to the other parts of the plant where it
is used or .
13ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
first sunlight stored next raw sap water
mineral salts finally elaborated sap leaves
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
13/55
6 The universe REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Find the names of the planets in the wordsearch. Then answer the questions.
a. What is the order of the planets. (Begin with the one closest to the Sun.)
b.Whichoneisnolongerconsideredtobeaplanet?
c.Whicharethefoursmall,rockyplanets?
d.Whicharethefourbiggestplanets?
2. Tick () the correct columns.
Astronomical bodies
planets
14 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Luminousastronomical
bodies
Give offlight
Non-luminousastronomical
bodies
Reflectlight from
the Sun
Orbitthe Sun
Orbit
stars
planets
satellites
comets
U Q J U P I T E R
R V L S P V Q X V
A W X A L E M W T
N E P T U N E Z S
U A X U T U R L T
S R K R O S C V U
U T X N Q V U Q Z
L H Q K M A R S Q
Q X S T N F Y K L
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
14/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Use the words to complete the sentences.
night summer 365 days orbits seasons axis rotate day winter
a. The Earth rotates on its .
b. The Earth takes 24 hours to completely.
c. On the part of the Earth facing the Sun, it is .
d. On the part of the Earth facing away from the Sun, it is .
e. The Earth the Sun.
f. The Earth takes to complete its orbit.
g. The Earths movement around the Sun causes the .
h. It is on the part of the Earth which receives more sunlight.
i. It is on the part of the Earth which receives less sunlight.
4. Draw four trees to illustrate the seasons. Label your drawings.
In the northern hemisphere, which are the winter months?
In the southern hemisphere, which are the summer months?
15ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
15/55
7 Minerals REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
a. Minerals are not natural materials but they can be part of rocks.
b. All minerals are regular.
c. Each mineral has a typical colour or colours.
d. Some minerals are shiny and others are dull.
e. Minerals are materials made up of rocks.
f. We obtain rocks from mines and quarries.
2. Identify each material and describe it.
a b
16 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
16/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Answer the questions.
a.Wherecanmineralsbefound?
b.Whatfourcharacteristicsareusedtodescribeminerals?
c.Howaremineralsuseful?
d.Howarerocksuseful?
4. Match the columns.
a. The ground is made up of little water, air and humus.
b. Humus is rocks, sand, soil, air, water and humus.
c. Fertile ground has main layers of soil.
d. Poor ground has any further it becomes underground water.
e. Very poor ground is creates an oasis.
f. There are three a lot of water, air and humus.
g. When water cannot filter the remains of living things.
h. In deserts, underground water mainly made up of rocks.
5. Draw and label the three main layers of soil.
17ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
17/55
8 Ecosystems REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Complete the sentences.
a.Anecosystemis
b.In anecosystem,therearelivingthingssuchas
c.Therearealsonon-livingthingssuchas
d.Threeexamplesofecosystemsare
2. Identify these two ecosystems and complete the sentences.
a b
a. This is a . Many animals can live here, for example,
.
b. This is a . Many animals can live here, for example,
.
3. Describe a food chain and give an example.
Afoodchainbegins
Example:
18 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
18/55
REINFORCEMENT
4. Cross out the odd word.
a. tree savannah pond forest
b. trees bushes grasses oasis
c. spiders worms rabbits beetles
d. mice bushes rabbits owls
5. Give examples to complete the table.
Habitats
6. Circle the correct option.
a. Seaweed is the most common/ least common plant in the sea.
b. Fish are the biggest group of invertebrates/ vertebrates.
c. Seahorses eat seaweed/jelly fish.
d. There are four / three main zones in the sea.
e. Whales are carnivorous/ omnivorous animals.
7. Draw and label animals and plants to complete the illustration.
19ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Forest Sea
trees birds the coast
bushes the high sea
grass the deep sea
under the ground
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
19/55
9 Light REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Circle the correct option.
a. Light moves in a curved/ straight line.
b. Light moves very slowly/ very fast.
c. When light cannot travel through an object, a shadow/ prism is formed.
d. The shadow of an object is always formed on the opposite/ same side to thesource of light.
Howdoeslightmove?
2. Colour the rainbow, putting the colours in the correct order.
a.Howmanycoloursmakeup whitelight?
b.Whataretheprimarycolours?
c.Howdowegetorange?
d.Howdowegetpurple?
e.Howdowegetgreen?
3. Match and add an example.
Example
a. Transparent objects 1. do not allow light to pass through.
b. Translucent objectsc. Opaque objects
2. allow light to pass through.
3. allow some light to pass through.
20 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
20/55
REINFORCEMENT
4. Complete the sentences.
a. Luminous bodies are .
b. , like stars, produce light.
c. , like candles, are man-made.
d. produce no light.
e. Two non-luminous objects which reflect light are .
5. Complete the text.
WhenI touchahotobject,theheatpassesfromthehotobjectto
. When I touch a cold object, the heat passes from my hand to
. In otherwords,heat
. Heat flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object
with a lower temperature.
6. Label these objects conductors or insulators.
a cb
ed f
21ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
21/55
10 Materials REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Find the names of 10 materials in the wordsearch and classify them.
2. Match the columns. Then match the photographs.
cProperty
a. elastic
Materials
1. paper
ba
b. flexible 2. rubber
c. fragile 3. concrete
d ed. strong 4. glass
e. transparen 5. pottery
22 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Natural materials Artificial materials
Vegetableorigin:
Animal origin:
Mineral origin:
Q A L U M I N I U M
P T X V W P L Q W S
L W O O D Q X P T T
A C J L X G L A S S
S O N P M X X P I W
T T L E A T H E R M
I T Z F R Q L R O V
C O Q T B F T L N WW N S I L K T P Q X
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
22/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Complete the sentences. Then label the photos.
a. If we pull the rope of a pulley, the object at the other end .
b. If we push down one end of a lever, the object at the other end .
c. We can slide objects a ramp.
4. Name six complex machines which you use every day.
Which machinehelpsyou themost?
Which isyour favourite?
5. Write a description of a machine and describe its functions.
23ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
23/55
11 Where do we live? REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Match the columns.
a. A settlemen is a settlement and the land around it.
b. A municipality is a village, town or city.
c. A region is bigger than a region.
d. A province is made up of several municipalities.
2. Answer the questions.
a.HowmanyAutonomousCommunitiesaretherein Spain?
b.HowmanyAutonomousCitiesarethere?
c.IsSpainoneofthelargestcountriesin Europe?
d.WhichEuropeancountriessharefrontierswithSpain?
e.WhereisSpainin relationtoAfrica?
3. Look at the map and write about Spain.
24 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
FR A NCE
ANDORRA
S P A I N
TheBalearic Islands
Ceuta
The Canary IslandsMelilla
MOROCCO ALGERIA
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
24/55
REINFORCEMENT
4. Label the Autonomous Communities.
Locate and add the cities of Mlaga, Seville, Madrid, Zaragoza, Barcelona, Bilbaoand Valencia on the map.
Colour your Autonomous Community red.
Add the capital of your Autonomous Community.
25ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Andalusia Extremadura The Community of Navarra
Aragon Galicia The Community of Valencia
Cantabria The Basque Country The Principality of AsturiasCastile and Leon The Balearic Islands The Region of Murcia
Castile-La Mancha The Canary Islands The Rioja
Catalonia The Community of Madrid
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
25/55
12 Oceans and continents REINFORCEMENTDateName
1. Look at the map and answer the questions.
a. How many continents are there? .
b.Namethem:
c. Which is the biggest continent? .
d. Which is the smallest continent? .
e. Which is the longest continent? .
f. How many oceans are there? .
g. Name them: .
h. Which oceans are frozen? .
i. Which continent is frozen? .
26 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
26/55
REINFORCEMENT
2. Label these European countries on the map.
Which of these countries do not belong to the European Union?
3. Complete the sentences.a. Europe is connected to .
b. Between the Spanish coast and Africa, there are .
c. The landscape of most of Europe is made up of .
d. The population of Europe is .
e. The largest European country is .
27ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
i
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
e
ASI A
AFR ICA
Bulgaria Greece Norway Sweden
Finland Iceland Poland The Russian Federation
France Ireland Portugal Ukraine
Germany Italy Spain United Kingdom
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
27/55
13 Government and society REINFORCEMENTDateName
1. Use the words to complete the table.
2. Answer the questions.
a. Do you watch television?.
How many hours per week? .b. Do you use the Internet? .
How many hours per week? .
c. Which do you prefer television or the Internet? .
Why? .
28 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Municipal Government Autonomous Government Spanish State
Head of State/ King Houses of Parliament Mayor Councillors
President and councillors Assembly President and Ministers
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
28/55
REINFORCEMENT3. Find the names of 7 kinds of jobs in the service sector in the wordsearch.
Copy the words from the wordsearch and give examples.
4. Look at the photograph. What people work in a place like this
29ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Kind of job Examples
E D U C A T I O N H
Q E F O P R G F D E
H F P M Z A P F T AG E D M F N Q I L L
P N G E N S J C Q T
Z C J R T P Y E G H
W E H C Q O Z W F C
L H Q E L R K O Q A
Q X Z K Q T X R N R
T O U R I S M K T E
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
29/55
14 The Romans REINFORCEMENTName Date
1. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
a. A small part of Europe was part of the Roman Empire.
b. Rome was the capital of this empire.
c. The Roman army was very big.
d. There were public baths, temples and warehouses in Roman cities.
e. Roman roads were very poor.
f. Aqueducts carried water to the mountains.
g. In the countryside, farms produced oil, wheat and wine.
h. The language of the Roman Empire was Egyptian.
2. Find these parts of the castle and write the words in the right place.
30 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
battlements
bridge
courtyard
tower
water
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
30/55
REINFORCEMENT
3. Circle the correct alternative.
a. After the end of the Greek Empire/ Roman Empire there were wars in Spain.
b. Muslims from North Africa/ northern Europe entered Spain.
c. These Muslims lived in cities surrounded by walls/ castles.
d. The Muslims/ The Christians lived in the north of Spain.
e. Little by little, the Muslims/ the Christians conquered all Spain.
f. They built cathedrals/ monasteries in the cities and cathedrals/ monasteriesin the countryside.
4. Answer the questions.
a.WhenwasAmericadiscovered?
b.Whatnewplantsdid Europeansfind in America?
c.Whatvaluablemineralsdid theyfind?
d.Wheredid Europeankingsandaristocratslive?
e.Atthattime,whatwaslifelikein theEuropeancountryside?
5. Name four great inventions from the nineteenth or twentieth centuries.
Draw two of these inventions.
31ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
31/55
EXTENSION1 Animals and plants
Name Date
1. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
a. All scientists believe a meteorite hit the Earth and killed off the dinosaurs.
b. There is a very big crater in Mexico.
c. The meteorite did not affect the Earth very much.
d. The dust caused by the meteorite blocked out the Sun.
e. Some scientists believe climate change affected the dinosaurs.
2. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. A meteorite
b. Fires
c. Tsunamis
d. The meteoritee. Dust
1. blocked out light and heat from the Sun.
2. crashed into the Earth in Mexico.
3. caused an impact winter.
4. started all over the world.
5. occurred in seas and oceans
32 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
What happened to the dinosaurs? Dinosaurs lived on the Earth for about 100
million years. Nobody really knows why they became extinct, but some scientists
investigating a crater in the Yucutn Peninsula in Mexico believe that a meteorite 10 kms
wide crashed into the Earth, making conditions impossible for the dinosaurs to survive.
The meteorite caused forest fires all over the
world, tsunamis several kilometres high, and
what scientists call an impact winter. This
means that the effect of the meteorites impact
created such a lot of dust that it blocked out the
Sun for several months, or maybe even years.
However, other scientists believe that the
dinosaurs were already being affected by climate
change and the effect of the meteorite was not
so significant.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
32/55
2 Food
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Answer the questions.
a.Whyisfibregoodforus?
b.Whereisfibrefound?
c.Whatistherein theouterlayerofagrainofcereal?
d.Whenisthisouterlayerremoved?
e.Whyarefoodlabelsimportant?
2. Circle the foods which have more fibre in them.
white bread
lentils
wholegrain bread
hamburgers
brown rice
apples
almonds
peanuts
sweets
cakes
fish
milk
beans
oranges
pears
peas
yoghurt
brown macaroni
white rice
white spaghetti
33ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
The importance of fibre in our diet Fibre is needed to help the digestive process,
and it also helps prevent heart disease and cancer. Fibre is found naturally in food such
as fruit and vegetables, nuts, seeds and pulses. Cereals also contain fibre, but very oftenmuch of it is removed in the refining process.
This is what happens, for example, in the case
of breakfast cereals: the outer layer of the cereal
grain, which contains many vitamins and
minerals, is removed and consequently the
product loses some of its nutritional value.
Wholegrain bread and pasta and brown rice
contain much more fibre than white bread orpasta or rice. Nowadays, food labels give us
important information about the salt, sugar, fat
and fibre content in the processed food we
buy.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
33/55
3 Breathing
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Circle the correct alternative.
a. Blood carries oxygen/ nitrogen to various parts of the body.
b. Karl Landsteiner received the Nobel Prize for his discovery/ invention.
c. Human beings have similar/ different blood types.
d. There are four / three basic blood groups.
e. Blood groups must be compatible/ the same between the patients blood and
the donors blood.
2. Match the parts of the body with their function.
a. Blood clean the blood.
b. Heart stores urine.
c. Arterie carries oxygen.
d. Kidney pumps blood.
e. Bladder carry blood from the heart.
34 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Blood groups Blood has many functions; one of them is to transport oxygen to the
various parts of the body. Every adult has approximately 4 to 6 litres of blood. If a person
loses a lot of blood in an accident or during a surgical operation, they may need a bloodtransfusion.
It was not until 1901 that the Nobel Prize winner Karl Landsteiner
made the very important discovery: human beings have different
blood types. There are four basic blood groups: Group A, Group B,
Group AB and Group O. If a patient needs a blood transfusion, they
must receive blood from a donor who has a compatible blood group.
If not, the patient has a toxic reaction and may die.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
34/55
4 Men and women
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Tick () the true sentences.
a. People live longer now than before.
b. Alzheimers disease affects young people.
c. Alzheimers disease affects the body, not the brain.
d. Old people with Alzheimers disease forget how to do basic things.
e. There is no cure for Alzheimers disease.
2. Circle the correct alternative.
a. During pregnancy, the mother/ baby gets food and oxygen through
the umbilical chord.
b. Babies learn how to walk/ talk when they are about two years old.
c. Human beings reach maturity when they are about 20 / 50 years old.
d. In childhood/ old age people have a lot of experience.
e. During our youth we continue growing/ crawling.
35ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Alzheimers disease In the 21st century
people are living longer than ever before. This is
because of better medical attention and the factthat people now know how important it is to eat a
healthy diet and do regular exercise if they want to
live to an old age. However, as a result of living
longer, more old people are being affected by
Alzheimers disease. Alzheimers affects the brain,
not the body. The symptoms of this illness are that
old people begin to have difficulty communicating,
learning, thinking and understanding. As the
disease gets worse, they not only forget words or
places, but they also do not recognise where they
are or who is with them. Eventually, they forget how
to do basic things like eating or walking. At the
moment there is no cure for Alzheimers disease.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
35/55
5 Life cycles
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Complete the sentences.
a. At first, a silkworm is about 1 cm long.
b. Silkworms only eat mulberry .
c. It takes the silkworm three to make its cocoon.
d. After three the adult moth emerges from the cocoon.
e. Silkworms are kept on farms to produce .
2. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. Silkworms are herbivores because 1. they do not have a backbone.
b. Silkworms are oviparous because 2. they eat mulberry leaves.
c. Silkworms are invertebrates because 3. they come from eggs.
36 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Silkworms The adult female silkworm moth lays eggs. From each of these eggs
comes a silkworm larva which at first is approximately 1 cm long. Silkworms only eat
mulberry leaves, and they grow very quickly. After about 26 days, the next stage of thesilkworms life cycle begins.
The silkworm starts to produce a fine silk thread,
which it uses to make a cocoon around itself. This
process takes about three days. Once the cocoon is
complete, the larva stays inside the cocoon. It
emerges three weeks later as a moth. Adult moths
reproduce, and the female lays more eggs, beginning
the life cycle again.
Silk production is important in many parts
of the world. The farmers who produce silk
kill the cocoons and use the silk thread
which the silkworm produced. Some
estimates say the length of the silk of one
cocoon can be over a kilometre long.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
36/55
6 The universe
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Read the definitions. What are they describing?
a.Thesecondmonthoftheyear:
b.Thedayyou areborn:
c.Ayearwith366days:
2. Use the words to complete the sentences.
a. In the , the days begin to get and
the weather gets warmer. grow, and it often rains.
b. In the , the days are long and hot, because the
receives more light and heat from the Sun.
c. In the , the days get shorter and the leaves go
and fall from the . It can be
windy, wet and cold.
d. In the , it is cold and the days are shorter because
the Earth receives less sunlight and . In some
areas it .
37ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
autumn
longer
heat
spring
Earth
trees
summer
flowers
winter
snows
brown
Leap year The Earth is a planet in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun. The Earth
rotates on its axis, and takes 24 hours to rotate completely. It takes approximately 365
days and 6 hours for the Earth to complete its orbit around the Sun. This means thatevery four years the calendar is adjusted to include another day (6 hours x 4 = 24 hours).
So, every four years, the month of February has 29 days and the year has 366 days.
When this occurs it is called a Leap Year.
If you are born on February 29th you only have a birthday once every four years. Of
course, many people choose to celebrate their birthday either the day before (February
28th) or the day after (March 1st). In the past, one of the traditions associated with Leap
Year was that on February 29th women could ask men to marry them.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
37/55
7 Minerals
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Answer the questions.
a.Whataretwoexamplesoffossilfuels?
b.Whatarefossilfuelsusedfor?
c.Whatistheproblemwiththegasestheyproduce?
d.Whatarescientiststryingtodo?
e. What kinds of energy are being generated in the photo?
2. Circle the correct answer.
a. Where are coal and petrol usually found?
Underground./ On the Earths surface.
b. What is used to extract underground water or petrol? A filter. / A well.
c. What kind of energy is produced by the Sun? Solar./ Wind.
38 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Fossil fuels Fossil fuels are formed from the
fossilized remains of plants and animals that lived up
to 300 million years ago. For example, coal and petrolare fossil fuels. When we burn fossil fuels, they produce
energy for heat and light. They are also used in industry
and transport. When weburn fossil fuels, wecontaminate
the air with the gases they produce.
These days, scientists are trying to find other ways of
producing energy because there is only a limited
amount of coal and petrol on the Earth. Energy
generated by the Sun and the wind is now used inmany parts of the world.
These energy sources create less pollution than fossil
fuels, but they are more expensive. However, this may
change in the future.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
38/55
8 Ecosystems
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. The lung of the worldb. Medicinal plants
c. Wood
d. The cultivation
e. The natives
1. is used to make expensive furniture.
2. provides 20% of the Earths oxygen.
3. have to find other homes.
4. are used to make medicines.
5. of crops makes money for big companies.
2. Read the definitions and write the name of the animal.
a. W : the largest mammal that lives in the sea.
b. E : a large animal that lives in Africa and has a trunk.
c. Z : an animal like a horse which has black and white stripes.
d. C : a large, dangerous animal that lives in rivers and has a big
mouth and sharp teeth.
39ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
The Amazon rainforest This ecosystem is
in danger of disappearing. It is the worlds
greatest natural resource and supports millionsof plants, animal and insect species. Often called
the lung of the world, this large area of green
trees and vegetation recycles carbon dioxide and
provides about 20% of the Earths oxygen. Many
medicinal plants that grow here are used to
make drugs to treat illnesses such as cancer.
This rainforest is very valuable, and it is in danger.
The Amazon rainforest is being cut down. Thewood from the trees is used in industry. Also, some
of the land is cleared of trees for the cultivation of
crops, which make money for many multinational
companies. The natives of this area have to leave
to find other homes. If nothing is done to stop this
destruction of the Amazon rainforest, it will affect
the climate of the entire world.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
39/55
9 Light
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
a. During a total lunar eclipse, the Moon goes dark for about an hour.
b. Total lunar eclipses are more frequent than total solar eclipses.
c. Total solar eclipses occur every 70 days.
d. During a total solar eclipse, it becomes dark during the day.
e. A total solar eclipse can be seen by everybody all over the world.
2. Choose the correct alternative.
a. The Earth is an opaque/ transparent object.
b. Planets are non-luminous / luminous bodies.
c. Luminous bodies are a source of dark / light.
d. The Sun is an artificial/ natural luminous body.
40 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Eclipses An eclipse occurs when the Moon is directly in line with the Sun and the
Earth. A total lunar eclipse happens when the full Moon passes through the shadow of
the Earth. In this case, the Sun and Moon are on opposite sides of the Earth. The Moon
goes dark for about an hour. This kind of eclipse is seen more frequently than a total
solar eclipse, which occurs less than 70 times per century. During a total solar eclipse,
the new Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth, and for a few minutes it becomes
dark during the day. The dark disk of the Moon totally obscures the bright Sun.
You must never look directly at the Sun, even
during an eclipse, because it can seriously
damage your eyes. To see the full eclipse, you
must be in a place that is in the path of theeclipse and you must wear special sunglasses
that protect your eyes.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
40/55
10 Materials
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Complete the sentences.
a. Egyptians used paper made from the papyrus .
b. The Chinese used paper in the 2nd .
c. Production was introduced into in the 12th century.
2. Choose one of the following words to complete the sentences.
a. Paper is a material because it can be folded.
b. Glass is a material because it is difficult to scratch.
c. Rubber is an material because it can be squashed.
d. Concrete is a material because it can carry heavy weights.
e. Pottery is a material because it can break easily.
41ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
strong hard flexible fragile elastic
Paper Paper was first used about 3,500 years ago in Egypt. This paper was made
from the papyrus plant. Paper is believed to have been used in China around the 2nd
century AD. From there it spread through Islamic countries. Production was introduced
into Europe in the 12th century. Paper is made from wood pulp, and by the 19th century
the mechanical production of paper had begun. This made communication much easier
as people were able to write letters and read newspapers and books.
In modern times, technology saves a lot of
paper because people can communicate
and read news on the Internet, and save
documents on their personal computers.
Paper is still necessary for many things such
as packaging and cleaning. Nowadays, paper
can be recycled, which means fewer trees
need to be cut down.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
41/55
11 Where do we live?
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Answer the questions.
a.Whenwasthecityfounded?
b.Whatisit famousfor?
c.Whattakesplacethereeverysummer?
d.Whatrivergoesthroughthiscity?
e.Whatisthenameofthecity?
f. Which Autonomous Community is it in?
2. Match the words and their definitions.
a. A place where you can borrow books.
b. A religious building for Christians.
c. An area of water.
d. A place where people go to look at paintings or old objects.
e. A place where people sell fruit, vegetables, fish, meat, etc.
1. Museum.2. Library.
3. Lake.
4. Church.
5. Market.
42 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
Where is it? My city is the regional capital of an
Autonomous Community. It was founded by the Romans
in 25 BC. It has more Roman monuments than any other
city in Spain. One of the most important is the
Archaeological Ensemble of the city, which is a World
Heritage Site. The Circus, the Amphitheatre and the
Roman theatre are all used for the festival of classical
theatre which takes place every summer and attracts a
lot of visitors.
There is also a famous Roman bridge over the river
Guadiana in my city. To the west of my AutonomousCommunity there is the border between Spain and
another country. If you continue travelling west, you
reach the Atlantic Ocean. Can you guess where I live?
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
42/55
12 Oceans and continents
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Complete the sentences.
a. The is one of the coldest places on Earth.
b. The Arctic is changing because of a rise in .
c. If the sea level , many low lying coastal areas will be affected.
d. are floating pieces of ice.
e. They can be a to ships.
2. Correct these sentences.
a.Europeisthebiggestcontinent.
b.OceaniaisconnectedtoAsia.
c.Africaisthelongestcontinent.
d.Asiaisthehottestcontinent.
e.Antarcticaisthesmallestcontinent.
f. Americaisafrozencontinent.
43ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
The Arctic The Arctic Ocean is situated at the North Pole and the Antarctic Ocean
at the South Pole. The Arctic is one of the wildest and coldest places on Earth, but it is
also one of the most fragile. Over the last 30 years, there has been a change in the Arcticbecause of a rise in the Earths temperature. If the ice in the Arctic Ocean melts, the sea
level will rise, and it will eventually affect those countries which have low lying coasts.
Large pieces of ice called icebergs are often found
floating in the Arctic regions. These icebergs have broken
off from a glacier and float in open water. Only one tenth
of an iceberg can be seen above water. Modern
technology monitors the movement of icebergs as they
can be a danger to ships. One historical accident with aniceberg occurred when the transatlantic steamship
Titanic hit an iceberg and sank on 15 April 1912.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
43/55
13 Government and society
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Answer the questions.
a.WhenwastheMagnaCartawritten?
b.WhowastheKingofEnglandatthattime?
c.Whohadorganisedtherevolt?
d.Whatdid theMagnaCartaestablish?
e.Whyisit important?
2. Circle the correct alternative.
a. Town halls are run by the mayor and presidents/ councillors.
b. The Government/ Courts of Justice is made up of the President and the Ministers.
c. The institution / Constitution establishes our rights and duties.
d. The press, radio and television are all mass media/ journalists.
e. Doctors, office workers, and teachers work in commerce/ the service sector.
44 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
The Magna Carta In the 11th century, England was
invaded by the Normans from France. The King of England was
allowed unlimited power to do what he wanted, and the baronswho were in power had no authority over him. However, the
barons finally revolted against this system and demanded a
new legislation.
This was called the Magna Carta. It was written in Latin in 1215,
during the reign of King John of England. The Magna Carta was
a legal document which established the limits of the Kings
power, and at the same time, it established the peoples rights.
It is considered to be the first signed constitution. For manypeople, the Magna Carta is an important reference in the history
of democratic systems of government. Because of the Magna
Carta, England is considered to be the home of democracy.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
44/55
14 The Romans
Name
EXTENSION
Date
1. Tick () the true sentences.
a. The Romans built a revolutionary system of roads.
b. They only built roads in one country.
c. The roads were not wide enough for travellers to pass each other.
d. Services were provided for travellers at regular intervals.
e. Roman roads have now disappeared.
2. Write the missing verb.
a. The language of the Roman Empire Latin.
b. In Roman times, aqueducts water to the cities.
c. Muslims from North Africa Spain.
d. Christian kings and nobles in the north.
e. Christians great cathedrals and monasteries.
45ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
carried lived was built entered
Roman roads The Romans introduced a revolutionary system of road building which
allowed them to move their armies all over their Empire. At the same time, these roads
made it easier to transport goods and to send messengers to communicate news. TheRomans built approximately 85,000 km of roads in various countries, and in many places
these roads can still be seen.
The roads were between 5 and 10 metres wide
so it was possible for carriages or columns of
soldiers to pass each other easily. Every 50 or 60
Roman miles, the distance which could be
covered in a day, the Romans built rest areas
where they had places to sleep and eat and tochange their horses if necessary.
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
45/55
REINFORCEMENT
Answer key
REINFORCEMENTACTIVITIES 2. Why do we need food from all four groups?
Model answer: We need food from all four groups to grow,stay healthy and have energy.
3. Match the two columns.
a. 4; b. 5; c. 1; d. 6; e. 7; f. 2; g. 3.1. Answer the questions.
a. They look for food at night.
b. They are protected from the cold by their thick fur or fat
under their skins.
4. Complete the sentences to describe some of the stages
of digestion.
a. Digestion begins in the mouth. Our teeth chew the
food. Our tongue mixes the food with saliva.
b. In the stomach, the food is mixed with a liquid / gastric2. Match the columns.
a. All plants need water and sunlight.
b. Plants absorb water through their roots.
c. The roots of the plant fix it to the soil.
d. Plants make their own food.
e. Most plants need water and sunlight.
juice.
c. In the small intestine the food is divided. The useful
parts go into the blood. What happens to the parts of our food which we
cannot use? They go into the large intestine. They are
transformed into faeces and expelled through the anus.3. Where do these plants live? Decide and write.
Cactus; ferns; moss; water lilies.
4. Complete the paragraph about dinosaurs.
Dinosaurs disappeared millions of years ago. They were
like reptiles (crocodiles and lizards). Their skin was
covered with scales. They were born from eggs.
1. Label the illustration. Then complete the sentences.
Illustration: clockwise, from bottom left; lung, trachea,
bronchial tubes.
Air enters our body through the nose and mouth. It goes
down through the trachea and the bronchial tubes, and5. Use these words to label the dinosaurs.
a. Triceratops. It was a herbivore. It was 9 metres long.b. Diplodocus. It was a herbivore. It was 27 metres long.
c. Tyrannosaurus. It was a carnivore. It was 12 metreslong.
into the lungs.
What happens when we inhale? When we inhale, our
lungs fill with air.
And when we exhale? When we exhale, the air leavesour lungs.
2. Tick the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
True sentences: b; c; f; h.
Corrected false sentences:
a. The journey of our blood around our body is called
circulation.
d. The heart is between the two lungs.
e. Blood circulates around our body inside blood vessels.
1. Find 14 words in the wordsearch and complete the two
tables.
Across: meat, fruit, rice, cheese, pasta, fish, yoghurt,
oranges, vegetables.
Down: milk, eggs, bread, apples, sugar.
Food which comes from animals: meat, cheese, fish,yoghurt, milk, eggs.
Food which comes from plants: fruit, rice, pasta, oranges,
vegetables, bread, apples, sugar.
Name two other substances we need which do not come
from plants or animals: water and salt.
Food groups
Group 1: cheese, yoghurt, milk.
Group 2: meat, fish, eggs.
Group 3: rice, pasta, bread, sugar.
Group 4: fruit, oranges, vegetables, apples.
g. Veins carry the blood from our body back to the heart.
3. Add the kidneys to this illustration and label them.
Illustration, clockwise, from left: renal vein, renal artery,
bladder. Students add the kidneys.
4. Answer the questions.
a. What is excretion? Excretion is the elimination of waste
products from the blood.
b. What organs make up the excretory system? The
excretory system is made up of the kidneys and the
bladder.
46 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 2: FOOD
UNIT 3: BREATHING
UNIT 1: ANIMALS AND PLANTS
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
46/55
REINFORCEMENT
b. Mammals are viviparous animals.
c. Birds are oviparous animals.
c. What do the kidneys do? The kidneys filter the blood
and make urine.
d. Where is urine stored? Urine is stored in the bladder. d. Herbivores eat plants.
e. Omnivores eat plants and animals.5. Cross out the odd word.
a. nose nostrils capillaries lungs
b. trachea blood inhale oxygen
c. heart veins arteries exhale
d. blood vessels kidney urine bladder
f. Carnivores eat other animals.
What is the difference between viviparous animals and
oviparous animals?Viviparous animals are born from their mothers womb.
Oviparous animals are born from eggs.
2. Match the columns.
a. Many animals, like horses, breathe through their lungs.
b. Other animals, like insects, breathe through a tracheal
system.
c. Most aquatic animals, like fish, breathe through their
gills.
d. Some aquatic animals, like dolphins, come to the
surface for air.
Draw the gills on the fish. Draw the lungs on the horse.
Students draw.
1. Use the words to label the illustrations.
Illustration of male reproductive system, clockwise from
bottom left: testicles, prostate, penis.
Illustration of female reproductive system, clockwise from
bottom left: vagina, uterus, ovaries, vulva.
2. Answer the questions.
a. What do mens bodies make? They make sperm.
b. What do womens bodies make? They make eggs.
c. When does fertilisation occur? When a sperm from a
manjoins an egg from a woman.
d. Where does a foetus grow? It grows in the womansuterus.
e. What is pregnancy? It is the time a foetus spends in its
mothers womb/ uterus.
f. How long does pregnancy last? It lasts for about nine
months.
g. When does birth occur? When the baby is completely
formed and ready to be born. / Nine months after
conception.
3. Answer the questions.
a. What is germination? When a seed begins to grow.
b. What are the three steps of germination?
First, the seed absorbs water from the soil.
Then, the seed opens. A root grows down into the soil.
Finally, a small stem grows.
c. What tubers do you eat? Model answer: potatoes.
d. What roots do you eat? Model answer: carrots.
4. Use the words to complete the text. Then label theillustration.
Plants make their own food. First, the roots absorb water
and mineral salts from the soil. This mixture is raw sap.3. Complete the sentences.
a. Atthebeginning,foetusesareassmallasagrainofNext, the raw sap travels up the stem to the leaves. Plants
sand.
b. Atthreemonths,foetusesmeasureabouttenalso need sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their food.
In the leaves, the raw sap is transformed into elaboratedcentimetres.
c. At nine months, babies measure about fifty centimetres.
sap. Finally, the elaborated sap travels from the leaves tothe other parts of the plant where it is used or stored.
Illustration, from top to bottom: elaborated sap, rawsap.4. Use these words to label the photographs.
a. Many babies get teeth at about six months old.
b. They learn to crawl when they are a few months old.
c. Many babies learn to walk when they are about 14months old.
d. Some can talk when they are two years old.
1. Find the names of the planets in the wordsearch.
Across: Jupiter, Neptune, Mars
Down: Uranus, Earth, Saturn, (Pluto), Venus,Mercury
a. Whatistheorderoftheplanets?Mercury, Venus,the5. Complete the table with the names of your family and
friends.
Open answers. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, (Pluto).
b. Which one is no longer considered to be a planet?
Pluto.
c. Which are the four small, rocky planets? Mercury,
Venus, the Earth, Mars.1. Circle the correct option.
a. The adult stage is the longest life stage for vertebrates.d. Which are the four biggest planets? Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune.
47ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 5: LIFE CYCLES
UNIT 6: THE UNIVERSE
UNIT 4: MEN AND WOMEN
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
47/55
REINFORCEMENT
2. Identify each material and describe it.
Model answers:
a. Pyrite is a mineral. It has a regular shape. It is grey and
shiny.
b. Granite is a rock. It is made up of three different
minerals: quartz, feldspar and mica. It is used for
building because it is hard and resistant.
2. Tick the correct columns.
Astronomical bodies
bodies
3. Answer the questions.
a. Where can minerals be found? They can be found on
their own or they can be part of rocks, animal bones
and shells.
b. What four characteristics are used to describe
minerals? Shape, colour, shiny/ dull, hard / soft
c. How are minerals useful? Minerals are used to build
buildings and to makejewellery.
d. How are rocks useful? Rocks are used to build
buildings and for fuel.3. Use the words to complete the sentences.
a. The Earth rotates on its axis.b. The Earth takes 24 hours to rotate completely.
c. On the part of the Earth facing the Sun, it is day.
d. On the part of the Earth facing away from the Sun,
it is night.
e. The Earth orbits the Sun.
f. The Earth takes 365 days to complete its orbit.
4. Match the columns.
a. The ground is made up of rocks, sand, soil, air, water
and humus.
b. Humus is the remains of living things.
c. Fertile ground has a lot of water, air and humus.
d. Poor ground has little water, air and humus.
e. Very poor ground is mainly made up of rocks.
f. There are three main layers of soil.
g. When water cannot filter any further it becomes
underground water.
h. In deserts, underground water createsan oasis.
g. The Earths movement around the Sun causes the
seasons.
h. It is summer on the part of the Earth which receives
more sunlight.
i. It is winter on the part of the Earth which receives less
sunlight. 5. Draw and label the three main layers of soil.
Students draw and label, from top to bottom: top layer,
middle layer, bottom layer.
4. Draw four trees to illustrate the seasons. Label your
drawings.
Students draw and label their drawings: spring, summer,
autumn, winter.
In the northern hemisphere, which are the winter
months?
Part of December, January, February and part of March1. Complete the sentences.
a. Anecosystemisaplaceandthelivingthingsthatlive In the southern hemisphere, which are the summer
months?
Part of December, January, February and part of Marchthere.
b. In anecosystemtherearelivingthingssuchasplantsand animals.
c. Therearealsonon-livingthingssuchassoil,rocksandwind.
d. Three examples of ecosystems are a forest, a pond and1. Tick the true sentences. Correct the three false
sentences.
True sentences: c; d; f.
Corrected false sentences:
a. Minerals are natural materials and they can be part of
rocks.
b. Some minerals are regular.
e. Rocks are materials made up of minerals.
the savannah (model answer).
2. Identify these two ecosystems and complete the
sentences.
a. Model answer: This is a forest. Many animals can live
here, for example, bears, rabbits and squirrels.
b. Model answer: This is a savannah. Many animals can
live here, for example, zebras, hyenas and lions.
48 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 7: MINERALS
UNIT 8: ECOSYSTEMS
Reflect light from
the SunOrbit
the SunOrbit planets
stars
planets satellites comets
Luminousastronomical
bodies
Give off
light
Non-luminousastronomical
stars planets satellites comets
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
48/55
REINFORCEMENT
d. Non-luminous bodies produce no light.3. Describe a food chain and give an example.
A food chain starts with a plant. Next, a herbivore eats e. Two non-luminous objects which reflect light are
mirrors and the Moon.the plant. Finally, a carnivore eats the herbivore.
Example: grassrabbiteagle; grass/ leaves5. Complete the text.
When I touch a hot object, the heat passes from the hot
object to my hand.
deerwolf.
4. Cross out the odd word.
a. treeb. trees
c. spiders
d. mice
savannahbushes
worms
bushes
pondgrasses
rabbits
rabbits
forestoasis
beetles
owls
When I touch a cold object, the heat passes from my handto the (cold) object.
In other words, heat goes from one body to another. Heat
flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object
with a lower temperature.5. Give examples to complete the table.
Open answers.
6. Circle the correct option.
a. Seaweed is the most common plant in the sea.
6. Label these objects conductors or insulators.
a. insulator. b. conductor. c. conductor. d. conductor (but
not the handle!). e. insulator. f. insulator.
b. Fish are the biggest group of invertebrates.
c. Seahorses eat seaweed.
d. There are three main zones in the sea.
e. Whales are omnivorous animals. 1. Find the names of 10 materials in the wordsearch and
classify them.
Across: aluminium, wood, glass, leather, silk
Down: plastic, cotton, marble, paper, iron
Natural materials:
Vegetableorigin: wood, cotton
Animal origin: leather, silk
Mineral origin: marble, iron
Artificial materials: aluminium, glass, plastic, paper
7. Draw and label animals and plants to complete the
illustration.
Open answer.
1. Circle the correct option.
a. Light moves in a straight line.2. Match the columns. Then match the photographs.
a. 2 e; b. 1 a; c. 5 b; d. 3 d; e. 4 c.
b. Light moves very fast.
c. When light cannot travel through an object, a shadow isformed.
d. The shadow of an object is always formed on the
opposite side to the source of light.
3. Complete the sentences. Then label the photos.
If we pull the end of a pulley, the object at the other end
goes up. How does light move? Light moves in a straight line and
very fast. If we push down one end of a lever, the object at the
other end goes up.
We can slide objects up and down a ramp.2. Colour the rainbow, putting the colours in the correctorder.
Students colour. Order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo, violet.
a. How many colours make up white light? Seven.
b. What are the primary colours? Red, yellow and blue.
c. How do we get orange? We mix red and yellow.
d. How do we get purple? We mix red and blue.
e. How do we get green? We mix blue and yellow.
Pulley; lever; ramp.
4. Name six complex machines which you use every day.
Open answers.
5. Write a description of a machine and describe itsfunctions.
Open answer.
3. Match and add an example.
a. 2; b. 3; c. 1.
Model answers: a card, clear plastic, some windows. 1. Match the columns.
a. A settlement is a village, town or city.
b. A municipality is a settlement and the land around it.
c. A region is made up of several municipalities.
d. A province is bigger than a region.
4. Complete the sentences.
a. Luminous bodies are sources of light.
b. Natural luminous bodies, like stars, produce light.
c. Artificial luminous bodies, like candles, are man-made.
49ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 11: WHERE DO WE LIVE?
UNIT 9: LIGHT
UNIT 10: MATERIALS
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
49/55
REINFORCEMENT
2. Answer the questions.
a. How many Autonomous Communities are there in
Spain? There are seventeen.
b. How many Autonomous Cities are there? There are two.
c. Is Spain one of the largest countries in Europe? Yes,it is.
d. Which European countries share frontiers with Spain?France and Portugal share frontiers with Spain.
e. Where is Spain situated with respect to Africa? Spain is
north of Africa.
1. Use the words to complete the table.
2. Answer the questions. Model answers:
a. Do you watch television? Yes, I do.
How many hours per week? I watch around ten hoursper week.
b. Do you use the Internet? Yes, I do.
How many hours per week? I use the Internet aboutfifteen hours per week.
c. Which do you prefer television or the Internet? I prefer
the Internet.
Why? Because there is a lot of variety and I can use it atany time.
3. Look at the map and write about Spain.
Model answer: Spain is made up of most of the Iberian
Peninsula, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands
Spain is south of France
4. Label the 17 Autonomous Communities.
Students label the map.
3. Find the names of 7 kinds of jobs in the service sector in
the wordsearch.
Across: education, tourism.
Down: defence, commerce, transport, office work, health
care.
Copy the words from the wordsearch and give
examples.
Model answers:
1. Look at the map and answer the questions.
a. How many continents are there? There are six
continents.
b. Name them: Africa, America, Antarctica, Asia, Europe
and Oceania.
c. Which is the biggest continent? Asia is the biggest
continent.
d. Which is the smallest continent? Oceania is the smallest
continent.
e. Which is the longest continent? America is the longest
continent.
f. How many oceans are there? There are five oceans.
g. Name them: The Antarctic, the Arctic, the Atlantic, the
Indian and the Pacific.
h. Which oceans are frozen? The Arctic and the Antarctic
are frozen.
i. Which continent is frozen? Antarctica is frozen.
commerce
defence
education
health care
office work
producers, salespeople, consumers
the army
teachers, professors
doctors, nurses
people who work in banks and town halls,
secretaries
travel agents, people who work in hotels and
restaurants
taxi drivers, bus drivers, truck drivers
tourism
transport
4. Look at the photograph. What people work in a place like
this?
Open answer.
2. Label these European countries on the map.
Students label the map.
Which four of these countries do not belong to theEuropean Union? Iceland, Norway, The Russian
Federation and Ukraine.
3. Complete the sentences.
a. Europe is connected to Asia.
b. Between the Spanish coast and Africa, there are 14
1. Tick the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
True sentences: b; c; d; g.
Corrected false sentences:
a. Much of Europe was part of the Roman Empire.
kilometres.
c. The landscape of most of Europe is made up of plains.
e. Roman roads were very good.d. The population of Europe is around 730 million people.
f. Aqueducts carried water to the cities.e. The largest European country is The Russian
Federation. h. The language of the Roman Empire was Latin.
50 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 14: THE ROMANS
UNIT 12: OCEANS AND CONTINENTS
MunicipalGovernment
AutonomousGovernment
Spanish State
MayorCouncillors
President and
councillorsAssembly
Head of State/ King
Houses of ParliamentPresident and
Ministers
UNIT 13: GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
50/55
EXTENSION
2. Find these parts of the castle and write the words in the
right place.
Students label the castle. 1. Answer the questions.
a. Why is fibre good for us? It helps the digestive processand prevents heart disease and cancer.
b. Where is fibre found? It is found in fruit and vegetables,
nuts, seeds and pulses.c. What does the outer layer of a cereal grain contain? It
contains fibre, vitamins and minerals.
d. When is this outer layer removed? It is removed in the
refining process.
e. Why are food labels important? They give us important
information about the salt, sugar, fat and fibre content
in processed food.
3. Circle the correct alternative.
a. After the end of the Roman Empire there were wars in
Spain.
b. Muslims from North Africa entered Spain.
c. These Muslims lived in cities surrounded by walls.
d. The Christians lived in the north of Spain.
e. Little by little, the Christians conquered all Spain.
f. They built cathedrals in the cities and monasteries in
the countryside.
4. Answer the questions.
a. When was America discovered? More than 500 years
ago.
b. What new plants did Europeans find in America? They
found maize, tomatoes and potatoes.
c. What valuable minerals did they find? They found silver
and gold.
d. Where did European kings and aristocrats live? Theylived in palaces.
e. At that time, what was life like in the European
countryside? It was hard.
2. Circle the foods which have more fibre in them.
Food with more fibre: brown rice, beans, lentils, apples,
oranges, brown macaroni, wholegrain bread, almonds,
pears, peanuts, peas.
1. Circle the correct alternative.
a. Blood carries oxygen to various parts of the body.
b. Karl Landsteiner received the Nobel Prize for his
discovery.
c. Human beings have different blood types.
d. There are four basic blood groups.
e. Blood groups must be compatible between the
patients blood and the donors blood.
5. Name four great inventions from the nineteenth or
twentieth centuries.
Model answer:
Electricity, penicillin, the telephone, the petrol engine.
Draw two of these inventions.
Students draw two inventions. 2. Match the parts of the body with their function.
a. Blood: carries oxygen.
b. Heart: pumps blood.
c. Arteries: carry blood from the heart to the rest of the
body.
d. Kidneys: clean the blood.
e. Bladder: stores urine.
EXTENSIONACTIVITIES
1. Tick () the true sentences.
True sentences: b, d, e.
Corrected false sentences:a. Some scientists believe a meteorite hit the Earth and
1. Tick () the true sentences.
True sentences: a, d, e.
Corrected false sentences:
b. Alzheimers disease affects old people.
c. Alzheimers disease affects the brain, not the body.
killed off the dinosaurs.
c. The meteorite affected the Earth a lot.
2. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. A meteorite (2) crashed into the Earth in Mexico.
b. Fires (4) started all over the world.
c. Tsunamis (5) occurred in seas and oceans around theworld.
d. The meteorite (3) caused an impact winter.
e. Dust (1) blocked out light and heat from the Sun.
2. Circle the correct alternative.
a. During pregnancy, the baby gets food and oxygen
through the umbilical chord.
b. Babies learn how to talk when they are about two years
old.
c. Human beings reach maturity when they are about 20
years old.
51ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 4: MEN AND WOMEN
UNIT 1: ANIMALS AND PLANTS
UNIT 3: BREATHING
UNIT 2: FOOD
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
51/55
EXTENSION
d. In old age people have a lot of experience. 2. Circle the correct answer.
a. Where are coal and petrol usually found? Underground.
b. What is used to extract underground water or petrol?
A well.
e. During our youth we continue growing.
c. What kind of energy is produced by the Sun? Solar.
1. Complete the sentences.
a. At first, a silkworm larva is about 1cm long.
b. Silkworms only eat mulberry leaves.
c. It takes the silkworm three days to make its cocoon.
d. After three weeks the adult moth emerges from the
cocoon.
e. Silkworms are kept on farms to produce silk.
1. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. The lung of the world (2) provides 20% of the Earths
oxygen.
b. Medicinal plants (4) are used to make medicines.
c. Wood (1) is used to make expensive furniture.
d. The cultivation (5) of crops makes money for big
companies.
e. The natives (3) have to find other homes.
2. Match the two halves of each sentence.
a. Silkworms are herbivores because (2) they eat mulberry
leaves.
b. Silkworms are oviparous because (3) they come from
eggs.
c. Silkworms are invertebrates because (1) they do not
have a backbone.
2. Read the definitions and write the name of the animal.
a. Whale: the largest mammal that lives in the sea.b. Elephant: a large animal that lives in Africa and has a
trunk.
c. Zebra: an animal like a horse which has black and
white stripes.
d. Crocodile: a large, dangerous animal that lives in rivers
and has a big mouth and sharp teeth.1. Read the definitions. What are they describing?
a. The second month of the year: February.
b. The day you are born: your birthday.
c. A year with 366 days: a Leap Year.1. Tick () the true sentences. Correct the false sentences.
True sentences: a, b, d.Corrected false sentence:
c. Totalsolareclipsesoccurlessthan70 timesper
2. Complete the sentences with the following words.
a. In the spring, the days begin to get longer and the
weather gets warmer. Flowers grow, and it often rains.
b. In the summer, the days are long and hot, because the
Earth receives more light and heat from the Sun.
c. In the autumn, the days get shorter and the leaves gbrown and fall from the trees. It can be windy, wet and
cold.
d. In the winter, it is cold and the days are shorter becaus
the Earth receives less sunlight and heat. In some area
it snows.
century.
e. Atotalsolareclipseisseenbypeoplewhoarein its
path.
2. Circle the correct alternative.
a. The Earth is an opaque object.
b. Planets are non-luminous bodies.
c. Luminous bodies are a source of light.
d. The Sun is a natural luminous body.
1. Answer the questions.
a. What are two examples of fossil fuels? Coal and petrol.
b. What are fossil fuels used for? They area used for heat,
light, industry and transport.
c. What is the problem with the gases that they produce?They contaminate the air.
d. What are scientists trying to do? They are trying to find
other ways of producing energy.
e. What kinds of energy are being generated in the photo?
Solar energy and wind energy.
1. Complete the sentences.
a. Egyptians used paper made from the papyrus plant.
b. The Chinese used paper in the 2nd century AD.
c. Production was introduced into Europe in the 12th
century.
2. Choose one of the following words to complete the
sentences.
a. Paper is a flexible material because it can be folded.
52 ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 10: MATERIALSUNIT 7: MINERALS
UNIT 9: LIGHT
UNIT 6: THE UNIVERSE
UNIT 8: ECOSYSTEMS
UNIT 5: LIFE CYCLES
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
52/55
EXTENSION
b. Glass is a hard material because it is difficult to scratch.
c. Rubber is an elastic material because it can be
squashed.
d. Concrete is a strong material because it can carry
heavy weights.
e. Pottery is a fragile material because it can break easily.
d. Africa is the hottest continent.
e. Oceania is the smallest continent.
f. Antarctica is a frozen continent.
1. Answer the questions.a. When was the Magna Carta written? It was written in
1215.
b. Who was the King of England at that time? King John.
c. Who had organised the revolt? The barons.
d. What did the Magna Carta establish? It established
the limits of the Kings power, and it established the
peoples rights.
e. Why is it important?Because it is considered to be thefirst signed constitution. Also, it is an important reference
in the history of democratic systems of government.
1. Answer the questions.
a. When was the city founded? It was founded in 25 BC.
b. What is it famous for? It is famous for its Romanmonuments.
c. What takes place there every summer? There is a
festival of classical theatre.
d. What river goes through this city? The River Guadiana.
e. What is the name of the city? Mrida.
f. Which Autonomous Community is it in? Extremadura.
2. Match the words and their definitions.
a. A place where you can borrow books: (2) library.
b. A religious building for Christians: (4) church.
c. An area of water: (3) lake.
d. A place where people go to look at paintings or old
objects: (1) museum.
e. A place where people sell fruit, vegetables, fish, meat,
etc.: (5) market.
2. Circle the correct alternative.
a. Town halls are run by the mayor and councillors.
b. The Government is made up of the President and the
Ministers.
c. The Constitution establishes our rights and duties.
d. The press, radio and television are all mass media.
e. Doctors,officeworkers,andteachersworkin the
service sector.
1. Tick () the true sentences.
True sentences: a, d.
Corrected false sentences:
b. They built roads all over their Empire.
1. Complete the sentences.
a. The Arctic is one of the coldest places on Earth.
b. TheArcticischangingbecauseofarisein theEarthstemperature.
c. If the sea level rises, many low lying coastal areas will
be affected
d. Icebergs are floating pieces of ice.
e. They can be a danger to ships.
2. Correct these sentences.
a. Asia is the biggest continent.
b. Europe is connected to Asia.
c. America is the longest continent.
c. The roads were wide enough for travellers to pass each
other.
e. Roman roads have not disappeared.
2. Write the missing verb.
a. The language of the Roman Empire was Latin.
b. In Roman times, aqueducts carried water to the cities.
c. Muslims from North Africa entered Spain.
d. Christian kings and nobles lived in the north.
e. Christians built great cathedrals and monasteries.
53ESSENTIAL SCIENCE 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.
UNIT 12: OCEANS AND CONTINENTS
UNIT 14: THE ROMANS
UNIT 11: WHERE DO WE LIVE?
UNIT 13: GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
53/55
NOTES:
54
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
54/55
NOTES:
55
-
5/27/2018 Refuerzo_Curso12_13
55/55
The Reinforcement and Extension Worksheets for Essential Science, Science,Geography
and History for Year 4 of Primary Education are a collective work, conceived,
designed and created by the Primary Education department at Santillana,
under the supervision of Jos TomasHenao and Javier Prezrubalcaba
Contributing author: Jane Kilner
Editors: Martin Minchom, Sheila KlaiberIllustrations: Jorge Salas
Art Director: Jos Crespo
Design coordinator: Rosa Marn
Cover design: Martn Len Barreto
Artwork coordinator: Carlos Aguilera
Coordinator design development: Javier Tejeda
Design development: Jos Luis Garca and Ral de Andrs
Technical director: Angel Garca Encinar
Technical coordinators: FernandoCarmona, Marisa Valbuena
Layout: Montytexto, Pedro ValenciaResearch and photographic selection: Amparo Rodriguez
Photographs: A. Guerra; A. Rodrguez; A. Toril; C. Dez Polanco; GARC A-PELAYO/Juancho;J. C. Martnez; J. C. Muoz; J. Jaime; J. V. Resino; L. M. Iglesias; Michele di Piccione; P.Esgueva;S. Caunedo; S. Enrquez; S. Padura; A. G. E. FOTOSTOCK; COMSTOCK; DIGITALVISION; EFE;EFE/AP PHOTO/THE FAYETTEVILLE OBSERVER-TIMES Johnny Horne; HIGHRES PRESS STOCK/AbleStock.com; I. Preysler; ISTOCKPHOTO; LOBO PRODUCCIONES/ C. Sanz; MELBA AGENCY; NASA;PHOTOALTO; PHOTODISC; SEIS X SEIS; STOCK PHOTOS; STOCKBYTE; MATTON-BILD; Samsung;SERIDEC PHOTOIMAGENES CD; THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON; ARCHIVO SANTILLANA
2009 by Santillana Educacin, S. L./ Richmond PublishingTorrelaguna, 60. 28043 Madrid
Richmond Publishing is an imprintof Santillana Educacin, S. L.
PRINTED IN SPAIN
Richmond Publishing26-28 Hammersmith GroveLondon W6 7BAUnited Kingdom
CP: 158203D.L.:
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of
the publisher.