Programa Tierra Viva

8/17/2019 Programa Tierra Viva

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PROGRAMA

INFORME FINAL DE LA EVALUACION ACOMPAñADA FUNDE-FUNPROCOOP

OCTUBRE 1995

INDICE GENERAL

SOBRE LOS OBJETIVOS Y LA METODOLOGIA DE LA EVALUACION.

I-LA NUEVA REALIDAD ECONOMICA EN EL SALVADOR Y LA NECESIDAD DEREDEFINIR EL PROBLEMA AGRARIO.

1.1 Las n!"as #!n$!n%&as !n 'a !%(n()*a na%&(na' + ,'(a'.

1. La n!%!s&$a$ $! /!$!0&n&/ !' /('!)a a,/a/&(.

1.2 P/('!)3#&%a !%('4,&%a !n 'a ! s! &ns%/&! !' P/(,/a)a>.

2.2 M!#as ,!n!/a'!s $!' /(,/a)a >.

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2.: E"a'a%&4n $! 'a !s#/a#!,&a $! &n#!/"!n%&4n $! FUNPROCOOP !n!' /(,/a)a


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INTRODUCCION. SOBRE LOS OBJETIVOS Y LA METODOLOGIA DE LAEVALUACION.

A a/#&/ $! '(s /&)!/(s $*as $! s!#&!)/! $!' %(//&!n#! a=( s!%(n0(/)4 n !&( )&?#( FUNDE-FUNPROCOOP a/a /!a'&a/ na!"a'a%&4n a%()a=a$a !s $!%&/ na !"a'a%&4n ! %()&na 'aas!s(/*a !?#!/na %(n 'a a/#&%&a%&4n $! '(s $&"!/s(s n&"!'!s(/,an&a%&(na'!s $! 'a &ns#%&4n /!s(nsa'! $!' /(,/a)a> !n !' ! s!%(ns&$!/!n '(s &n$&%a$(/!s $! &)a%#( + '(s &ns#/)!n#(s $!/!,&s#/(. Una #!/%!/a )!#a ! ,&4 !' #/aa6( $!' !&(!"a'a$(/ )&?#( 0! /($%&/ &n0(/)a%&4n ! a(/#! a' a6s#! $!'/(,/a)a a/a &n%/!)!n#a/ s !0&%a%&a.

E' n&"!/s( $! !s#$&( !n 'a !"a'a%&4n '( %(ns#+!/(n 'as&ns#an%&as $! FUNPROCOOP + '(s %((!/a#&"&s#as a/#&%&an#!s !n !'/(,/a)a


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6(/na$a !"a'a#&"a /!a'&a$a %(n /($%#(/!s + /()(#(/!s(/,3n&%(s.

En !s#! s!n#&$( na #a/!a %!n#/a' $! 'a /!s!n#! !"a'a%&4n 0!/(0n$&a/ '(s as!%#(s s,!/&$(s !n 'a !"a'a%&4n an#!/&(/ $!

OFAM A)@/&%a ! /!%a'%4 'a &)(/#an%&a $! !"a'a/ !' &)a%#($!' /(,/a)a + !/0&'a/ )!6(/ '(s &ns#/)!n#(s $! s!,&)&!n#(.

I-LA NUEVA REALIDAD ECONOMICA EN EL SALVADOR Y LA NECESIDAD DEREDEFINIR EL PROBLEMA AGRARIO.

E' !&( )&?#( FUNDE-FUNPROCOOP 0(/)a$( !?%'s&"a)!n#! a/a!"a'a/ !' &)a%#( $!' /(,/a)a


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'a a,/&%'#/a $! !?(/#a%&4n 0!/(n $&'a&$a$(s !n %(ns)(sn#a/&( ( &n"!/#&$(s !n 'a &n$s#/&a + s!/"&%&(s. E' 0'6( $!%aa'!s (/&,&na$(s !n !' %a)( !/( &n"!/#&$(s !n 'a %&$a$ s!&n#!ns&0&%4 $!s$! '(s a=(s 5 + a/a '(s a=(s : '(s /)(s $!%/!%&)&!n#( $!' s!%#(/ &n$s#/&a' +a a'%anaan as#a !' 12. !n

#an#( ! 'a a,/&%'#/a a!nas /!s!n#aa n %/!%&)&!n#( $! 2..E/a !' )()!n#( !n ! s! &n#!n#aa %(ns('&$a/ !' /(%!s( $!&n$s#/&a'&a%&4n !n !' a*s )!$&an#! 'a ss#%&4n $!&)(/#a%&(n!s + 'a a)'&a%&4n $!' )!/%a$( &n#!/n( na%&(na' +%!n#/(a)!/&%an(. P/!%&sa)!n#! !n '(s a=(s 'a /!0(/)a a,/a/&as! 'an&0&%aa !n 0n%&4n $! a)'&a/ !' ($!/ a$&s&"( $! 'a('a%&4n %a)!s&na a/a 0(/#a'!%!/ !' )!/%a$( &n#!/n( + $! !s#a)an!/a ,a/an#&a/ 'a !?ans&4n $! 'a &n$s#/&a.

E?&s#!n "a/&(s 0a%#(/!s ! !?'&%an 'a #!n$!n%&a a /&"&'!,&a/'(s !6!s $! a%)'a%&4n /an(s !/( !n#/! #($(s !''(s !$!n)!n%&(na/s! !s!%&a')!n#! $(s

En /&)!/ ',a/ '(s %aa'!s &n"!/#&$(s !n 'a /($%%&4na,/*%('a #&!n!n n %&%'( $! /(#a%&4n /!'a#&"a)!n#! 'a/,( (/!'(s %'#&"(s $! %a0@ %a=a $! a%a/ ( a',($4n /($%!n ,anan%&ass4'( na "! a' a=( + an %an$( s! &n#/($6!/an n!"as#!%n('(,*as %()( s&s#!)as $! /&!,( (/ !6!)'( 'a /!n#a&'&$a$#($a"*a !$a/*a (/ $!a6( $! 'a ! s! !$! (#!n!/ !na%#&"&$a$!s /anas !n 'as %a'!s 'a $/a%&4n $! '(s %&%'(s $!/(#a%&4n $!' %aa' s!'! s!/ )3s %(/#(.

D! !%( 'a a6a /!n#a&'&$a$ $!' s!%#(/ a,/*%('a /!s!%#( a'%(n6n#( $! 'a !%(n()*a !s na sa%&4n ,!n!/a'&a$a a n&"!')n$&a' $! #a' )an!/a ! '(s a*s!s %(n s!%#(/!s &n$s#/&a'!s +$! s!/"&%&(s )+ 0!/#!s s! "!n ('&,a$(s a $!%&$&/ !n#/! $(s(%&(n!s ( ss&$&an a 'a a,/&%'#/a ( ss#+!n a' s!%#(/a,/*%('a (/ na &)(/#a%&4n %(n#&na. P(/ !s#a /a4n 'a a6a/!n#a&'&$a$ $!' s!%#(/ a,/(!%a/&( !s n( $! '(s /&n%&a'!s0a%#(/!s ! s! as(%&an a 'a #/as'a%&4n $! '(s /&n%&a'!s !6!s $!a%)'a%&4n $!s$! !' %a)( as#a 'a %&$a$.

E' (#/( 0a%#(/ a #()a/ !n %!n#a !s !' %a)&( !n 'a $&"&s&4n&n#!/na%&(na' $! 'a /($%%&4n + !' %(ns)(. Las !%(n()*as/&)a/&(-!?(/#a$(/as %()( 'a sa'"a$(/!=a #!n*an s!n#&$( +(!/a%&(na'&$a$ !n na $&"&s&4n &n#!/na%&(na' $! 'a /($%%&4n +!' %(ns)( ! +a !/$&4 "&,!n%&a $!&$( !n /&)!/a &ns#an%&a a'a /!"('%&4n #!%n('4,&%a (%//&$a !n '(s /&n%&a'!s a*s!s%aa'&s#as !s!%&a')!n#! !n !' 3/!a $! 'a &n0(/)3#&%a + 'as%()n&%a%&(n!s !/( #a)&@n !n (#/as 3/!as %()( 'a %&!/n@#&%a!s!%&a')!n#! !n '( ! s! /!0&!/! a 'a #&'&a%&4n $! /((#s&n$s#/&a'!s + 'a &(#!%n('(,*a. C()( /!s'#a$( $! #($as !s#as&nn("a%&(n!s a (%//&$( na "&/#a' H$!s)a#!/&a'&a%&4n $! 'a

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/($%%&4nH (/ %an#( '(s /($%#(s &n$s#/&a'!s (%an %a$a "!)!n(s )!#a' a %asa $!' !)'!( $! %&/%(s &)/!s(s 0&/as4#&%as #/ans)&s&4n s&n %a'! !#% + !n ,!n!/a' )!n(s )a#!/&as/&)as !n )%as /a)as $! 'a /($%%&4n )a#!/&a'.

En %(ns!%!n%&a '(s /!%&(s $! 'as 22 /&n%&a'!s )a#!/&as /&)asan %a*$( G(/(s#&a,a 199 '( ! a s "! ''!"a a %(ns#a#a/H...! !n !s#! )n$( !s#3n $!saa/!%&!n$( 'as "!n#a6as%()a/a#&"as asa$as !n 'a #!n!n%&a $! /!%/s(s )a#!/&a'!s !/()a?&)&3n$(s! 'as "!n#a6as %()a/a#&"as asa$as !n '(s /!%/s(s)an(s %aa%a$(sH S3/!1995.En !' %as( $! E' Sa'"a$(/ ! n( !s n a*s !?(/#a$(/ $!)a#!/&as /&)as !s#/a#@,&%as 'a %a*$a $! /!%&(s $! ss/&n%&a'!s /($%#(s #/a$&%&(na'!s $! !?(/#a%&4n %a0@ a%a/$! %a=a a',($4n !s %(ns!%!n%&a $! 'a !n#/a$a a' )!/%a$( $!(#/(s /($%#(/!s ! a$!)3s !?an$!n 'a (0!/#a.

En 'as n!"as %(n$&%&(n!s !%(n4)&%as ,'(a'!s $! 'a /($%%&4n $!)a#!/&as /&)as n( (0/!%! a/#&%'a/!s "!n#a6as a/a !s#a'!%!/s(/! !''a '(s !6!s $! a%)'a%&4n !%(n4)&%a. D! !%( E'Sa'"a$(/ +a (#&!n! )3s &n,/!s(s (/ 'a !?(/#a%&4n $! )a&'a !(/ 'a s)a #(#a' $! 'as !?(/#a%&4n!s $! %a0@ a',($4n + %a=a $!a%a/ !n %(n6n#(.

E' s!%#(/ a,/*%('a !n E' Sa'"a$(/ a !/$&$( 'a &)(/#an%&a !#!n*a !n #@/)&n(s $! a(/#! a '(s &n,/!s(s (/ &)(/#a%&(n!s + $!a(/#! a 'a !%(n()*a. L(s ,/an(s 3s&%(s (/ !6!)'( %(n #($( +'( &)(/#an#! ! s! %(ns&$!/an !n 'a a'&)!n#a%&4n $! 'a )a+(/*a$! 'a ('a%&4n a!nas %(n#/&+!n a' P/($%#( In#!/n( B/#( %(nn (/%!n#a6! ! (s%&'a !n#/! !' 2.8 + !' 8.5 M('&na 1998.'a %(n#/&%&4n $! #($( !' s!%#(/ a,/*%('a a' PIB a!nas ''!,a a'18 !n #an#( ! #($(s '(s /($%#(s #/a$&%&(na'!s $!!?(/#a%&4n !n %(n6n#( &n%'+!n$( %a)a/4n a!nas (%an !'#!/%!/ ',a/ !n &n,/!s(s (/ !?(/#a%&(n!s aa6( $! 'a )a&'a +$! 'as !?(/#a%&(n!s n( #/a$&%&(na'!s La P/!nsa G/30&%a )a+( 11995. S&n !)a/,( !n #@/)&n(s $! ('a%&4n (%a$a 'aa/#&%&a%&4n $! 'a (na //a' !n 'a !%(n()*a na%&(na' !s $!'88. (/ '( %a' %(n#&na s&!n$( )+ s&,n&0&%a#&"a.

Es#a !s /!%&sa)!n#! na $! 'as )3s ,/an$!s %(n#/a$&%%&(n!s $!')()!n#( a%#a' na ,/an %an#&$a$ $! #/aa6a$(/!s ! a(/#an (%(a 'a !%(n()*a + /!%&!n #($a"*a )!n(s (/! !' s!%#(/ !n !' !/!a'&an s a%#&"&$a$ !s )+ (%( /!n#a'!.

1. La n!%!s&$a$ $! /!$!0&n&/ !' /('!)a a,/a/&(.

En 'a $@%a$a $! '(s a=(s s! ''!,4 a $!0&n&/ !' /('!)a a,/a/&(0n$a)!n#a')!n#! %()( na &na$!%a$a $&s#/&%&4n !n 'a #!n!n%&a

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$! 'a #&!//a + (/ '( #an#( 'a s('%&4n asaa (/ na /!0(/)aa,/a/&a.

In&%&a')!n#! 'a /!0(/)a a,/a/&a s! /((n*a $! #a' )an!/a !/!s('"&!/a !' /('!)a $! 'a (/!a ! a0!%#a a 'a )a+(/*a $!

('a%&4n %a)!s&na ,a/an#&an$( s a%%!s( a 'a #&!//a a/a !$&%a )a+(/*a ('a%&(na' a)'&a/a s ($!/ a$&s&"( + a s"! s! %(n"&/#&!/a !n %(ns)&$(/ + s(s#@n $! 'a &n%&&!n#!&n$s#/&a ss##&"a $! &)(/#a%&(n!s.

P!/( 'a ((s&%&4n $! '(s s!%#(/!s !)/!sa/&a'!s + #!//a#!n&!n#!sn!#/a'&4 %a'&!/ &n#!n#( $! /!0(/)a (/ '( )!n(s as#a 'a$@%a$a $! '(s K %an$( 'a !?'(s&4n + ,!n!/a'&a%&4n $!'%(n0'&%#( s(%&a' '(,/4 $!&'a/'(s. S&n !)a/,( 'a /!0(/)aa,/a/&a $! '(s a=(s K +a n( s! /!a'&4 %(n '(s /(4s(s&n&%&a'!s s&n( #an s4'( a/a %(n#!n!/ !' $!s%(n#!n#( $! 'a('a%&4n %a)!s&na + 0/!na/ s a(+( a 'as 0!/as &ns/,!n#!s.

La /!$&s#/&%&4n $! 'a #&!//a a /a* $! 'a /!0(/)a a,/a/&a $! '(sa=(s K n( 0! $! #a' )a,n$ ! /!s('"&!/a !' /('!)a a,/a/&(.S(/! 'a #(#a'&$a$ $! #&!//as a,/*%('as )&''(n!s K9 )&' 2)ananas 'a /!0(/)a a,/a/&a /!$&s#/&+4 88 )&' K8 )ananasa'&%an$( 'as 0as!s I + III $! )an!/a ! !' 3/!a /!0(/)a$as4'( %/! !' $!' #(#a' $! #&!//as a,/*%('as. Una "! ! !'P/(,/a)a $! T/ans0!/!n%&a $! T&!//as ''!,! a %()'!#a/s! s!%/&/*a !n#/! n 1 ( n 12 )3s. En 19K9 'a /!a'&a%&4n $! 'a0as! II $! 'a /!0(/)a a,/a/&a ($/*a a!/ a0!%#a$( + /!0(/)a$( n#(#a' $! n 12 $!' #(#a' $! #&!//as a,/*%('as !/( !s )+/(a'! ! $! &)'!)!n#a/s! #a' 0as! II !n 'a a%#a'&$a$ +a n(a0!%#! !s! )&s)( (/%!n#a6! + '(s s!%#(/!s #!//a#!n&!n#!s&n#!/!sa$(s a%!n #($( '( (s&'! (/ (s#!/,a/ 'a &)'!)!n#a%&4n$! !s#a 0as! as#a ! 'a )a+(/*a $! ss /(&!$a$!s s!an/!a/#&$as !n#/! ss /(&(s 0a)&'&a/!s !n !?#!ns&(n!s ! !s#@n(/ $!a6( $!' '*)! a0!%#a'!. Es $!%&/ an %an$( s! %)'a%()'!#a)!n#! !' PTT + an %an$( s! %)'&!/a 'a 0as! II $! 'a/!0(/)a a,/a/&a n( s! ($/*a %/&/ %(n 'a n!%!s&$a$ $! #!n!/a%%!s( s!,/( + a$!%a$( a s /&n%&a' )!$&( $! /($%%&4n a '(s#/aa6a$(/!s $!' %a)( s&n #&!//as ( %(n )+ (%as #&!//as ! s!!s#&)a as%&!n$!n a )3s $! 22 )&' !/s(nas G(&a 1995

La /!0(/)a a,/a/&a n( /!s('"&4 n& !$! /!s('"!/ !' /('!)a $!'a %(n%!n#/a%&4n $! 'a #&!//a !n !' a*s ! #($a"*a /!s!n#a !'K.8 $! 'as #&!//as %'#&"a'!s %(n%!n#/a$a !n !' 1 $!' #(#a' $!/(&!$a$!s a,/*%('as. En %(n#/a(s&%&4n a/a !' :.5 $! 'as/(&!$a$!s a,/*%('as )3s !!=as s4'( %(//!s(n$! !' K. $! 'as#&!//as %'#&"a'!s R!n 1991 12. La /!0(/)a a,/a/&a #a)(%(/!s('"&4 'a $&%(#()*a $! 'a a,/&%'#/a na%&(na' !n $(s s!%#(/!s!' $! !?(/#a%&4n ! %'#&"a %a0@ + %a=a + !' s!%#(/ $!ss&s#!n%&a ! %'#&"a )a* + 0/&6(' n&%a)!n#! a)'&4 !'


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n)!/( $! /(&!#a/&(s $!' s!%#(/ a,/*%('a $! !?(/#a%&4n '(s%a'!s %&!/#a)!n#! #&!n!n )a+(/!s (s&&'&$a$!s $! /!n#a&'&$a$M('&na 1998.

S&n !)a/,( !n 'as n!"as %(n$&%&(n!s a%#a'!s + 0/!n#! a 'as

n!"as #!n$!n%&as $! 'a !%(n()*a na%&(na' + ,'(a' !' /('!)aa,/a/&( +a n( !$! $!0&n&/s! 0n$a)!n#a')!n#! %()( n /('!)a !n'a $&s#/&%&4n $! 'a #!n!n%&a $! 'a #&!//a. S&n $!6a/ $!%(ns&$!/a/ !' a%%!s( $! '(s #/aa6a$(/!s a,/*%('as a 'a #&!//a%()( n 0a%#(/ !s!n%&a' na /!$!0&n&%&4n $!' /('!)a a,/a/&( !n!' a*s $!! &n%(/(/a/ a' )!n(s $(s $&)!ns&(n!s )3s !' /('!)a$! 'a /!n#a&'&$a$ $! 'a /($%%&4n a,/*%('a + !' /('!)a $!'!?#!ns( $!#!/&(/( $!' )!$&( a)&!n#! !n 'as (nas //a'!s.

Es#as #/!s $&)!ns&(n!s $!' /('!)a a,/a/&( !n !' a*s !n s!?/!s&4n )3s a,$a #&!n!n n ',a/ + n s6!#( %()n !n !' %a's! !n%!n#/an !' #/aa6a$(/ $!' %a)( ! a/a s!)/a/ ,/an(s3s&%(s a//&!n$a (/ 5 %('(n!s ( )3s na )anana $! #&!//a ()!n(s &%a$a !n #&!//as &n%'&na$as $! 3/!as %/*#&%as $! %!n%as&$/(,/30&%as '( %a' !s )+ (%( /!n#a'! !)(/!%! %a$a "!)3s a' %a)!s&n( + $!,/a$a %a$a "! )3s a' )!$&( a)&!n#! s(/!#($( s& s! asa &n$&s%/&)&na$a)!n#! $! '(s &ns)(s *)&%(s + n(s! #()an 'as )*n&)as /!%a%&(n!s a/a %(ns!/"a/ '(s s!'(s $a$(! a' a=( s&,&!n#! a/a 'a %(s!%a s&,&!n#! !' %a)!s&n(#!n$/3 ! s%a/ (#/a a/%!'a ! a//!n$a/.

En !s#! s!n#&$( '(s /!#(s a/a 'a a,/&%'#/a sa'"a$(/!=a !$!n'an#!a/s! $! 'a s&,&!n#! )an!/a

En primer l!"r# ,a/an#&a/ !' a%%!s( a$!%a$( $! '(s #/aa6a$(/!sa,/*%('as a s /&n%&a' )!$&( $! /($%%&4n 'a #&!//a

%'#&"a'! /!%(n(%&!n$( ! n( !s !' n&%( 0a%#(/ $! /($%%&4na' %a' n!%!san a%%!$!/. S&n %/@$( ((/#n( (0!/#a$( a6(%(n$&%&(n!s a$!%a$as !' )!/( a%%!s( a 'a #&!//a n( /!/!s!n#as('%&(n!s s&n na %()!/%&a'&a%&4n ((/#na + a$!%a$a !'%/@$( + !' a%%!s( a 'a #&!//a #a)(%( /!s!'"!n !' /('!)a.

En $e!n%& l!"r# /!&%a/ !' %'#&"( + /($%%&4n $! ,/an(s3s&%(s !n #&!//as a$!%a$as a !s! /(4s( + !s#&)'a/ 'a/3%#&%a $! 'a $&"!/s&0&%a%&4n $! %'#&"(s $! a%!/$( a 'a"(%a%&4n + %(n$&%&(n!s $! 'a #&!//a.

En 'er(er l!"r# %aa%a/ a '(s #/aa6a$(/!s a,/*%('as !n#@%n&%as + s!/"&%&(s ! s&)'#3n!a)!n#! /(%/!n )!6(/a/ 'a/!n#a&'&$a$ $! s /($%%&4n a$!)3s $! /!%!/a/ + %(ns!/"a/ !'/!%/s( s!'( + (#/(s 0a%#(/!s $!' !%(s&s#!)a.

P/!%&sa)!n#! !' P/!s&$!n#! Ca'$!/4n S(' !n s /!%&!n#! $&s%/s(s(/! 'a ('*#&%a a,/a/&a /!%(n(%&4 'a &n!"a'! n!%!s&$a$ $!

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9/75

/(#!,!/ %&!/#(s //(s $! 'a /($%%*(n a,/(!%a/&a na%&(na'0/!n#! a 'a &)(/#a%&4n $! /($%#(s ! s! (0!/#an a )3s a6(%(s#( !/( ! %!n#an %(n !' /!sa'$( !n ss&$&(s.Es!%&a')!n#! &n$&%4 ! 'a ,ana$!/*a )($!/na + 'a 0/#&%'#/a! #&!n! !' #/&'! /(4s( $! %(ns!/"a/ '(s s!'(s /!0(/!s#a/

+ /&n$a/ )a+(/!s (s&&'&$a$!s $! /!n#!&'&$a$ s!/*an '(s//(s /!sa'$a$(s %(n %/@$(s 0a"(/a'!s + a 'a/,( 'a(.O#/( as!%#( ! "a'! 'a !na /!sa'#a/ + #()a/ !n %!n#a !s 'a&)(/#an%&a ! !s /!%(n(%! a 'a %()!/%&a'&a%&4n $! 'a/($%%&4n a/a 'a ! s! /((n! &)'!)!n#a/ 'as #3%#&%as $! 'a&n#!'&,!n%&a %()!/%&a'.

A' !"a'a/ !' %(n#!?#( s(%&a' ,!n!/a' $! !6!%%&4n $!' /(,/a)a>. E' )($!'( $! a%)'a%&4n ! a /!"a'!%&$( !n !' s!%#(/ a,/a/&(sa'"a$(/!=( s! a %a/a%#!/&a$( (/ s!/ %(n%!n#/a$(/ + !?%'+!n#!as* %()( $!/!$a$(/ $! '(s '&)a$(s /!%/s(s na#/a'!s %(n '(s%a'!s !' a*s %!n#a. HEs#( !s !' /!s'#a$( $! n #&( ( $! n$!#!/)&na$( !s#&'( $! $!sa//(''(. En !0!%#( '(s ,/a"!s$!s!&'&/&(s !%('4,&%(s ! s! /!s!n#an a%#a')!n#! /("&!n!n$! n s&s#!)a s(%&(-!%(n4)&%( %+( !s#&'( $! /!/($%&/s! ($!sa//(''a/s! "a !n %(n#/a $! 'a $&n3)&%a $! 'a na#/a'!a. As&(/ !6!)'( '(s 0!n4)!n(s $! 'a $!0(/!s#a%&4n ( $! 'a !/(s&4n!s#3n !s#/!%a)!n#! "&n%'a$(s a 'as 0(/)as &na$!%a$as $! sa/'(s !?%!$!n#!s !%(n4)&%(s !n 'a a,/&%'#/a + 'a %(ns#/%%&4nH1

Las %asas ,!n!/a$(/as $!' $!#!/&(/( )!$&(-a)&!n#a' !s#3nas(%&a$as a' !s#&'( $! $!sa//(''( ! &s#4/&%a)!n#! s! aa'&%a$( !n !' s!%#(/ a,/(!%a/&( a %(n#&na%&4n s! !?(n!n 'as/&n%&a'!s

") L" T"l" * U$& In"%e("%& %e l&$ B&$+e$.

La #a'a + s( &n$&s%/&)&na$( $! '(s (s!s a !s#a$( as(%&a$(0n$a)!n#a')!n#! a '(s /($%#(s #/a$&%&(na'!s $! !?(/#a%&4n + a'(s %'#&"(s $! ss&s#!n%&a. E' !s#a'!%&)&!n#( $! 'a

1 Fn$a%&4n Na%&(na' a/a !' D!sa//(''( FUNDE. D!sa//(''( +E%('(,*a !n !' Ma/%( $! 'a S(%&!$a$ Sa'"a$(/!=a. A'#!/na#&"as a/a!' D!sa//(''( 1. Jn&( $! 199. . 1.

9


10/75

a,/(!?(/#a%&4n %()( !' !6! $! a%)'a%&4n $! 'a !%(n()*asa'"a$(/!=a %(n na "&s&4n !?#/a%#&"a /!n#&s#a a ,!n!/a$(&)a%#(s %a#as#/40&%(s !n !' $!#!/&(/( $! '(s /!%/s(s na#/a'!s +'(s !%(s&s#!)as ! s! (/&,&na $!s$! '(s /&)!/(s a=(s $! 'aC('(n&a.

La &n#/($%%&4n $!' %a0@ + (s#!/&(/)!n#! $!' a',($4n %(n''!"a/(nn ,/a"! &)a%#( !%('4,&%(. E' a',($4n s&,n&0&%4 !n n /&)!/)()!n#( 'a a&'a%&4n $! %&!n )&' )ananas a/a s %'#&"( a/a'( %a' s! #a'a/(n 'as s!'"as s&n %(ns&$!/a/ !' &)a%#( a)&!n#a'$! #a' a%%&4n. A$!)3s !' a',($4n s&,n&0&%4 n s( ,!n!/a'&a$( !&n#!ns&"( $! 0!/#&'&an#!s !s#&%&$as !/&%&$as + 0n,&%&$as! ''!"4 a 'a $!s#/%%&4n $! 'a "&$a s&'"!s#/! a 'a%(n#a)&na%&4n $! as#&a'!s + $! 'as a,as $! /*(s + !s#!/(s.

E' /3&$( %/!%&)&!n#( $! 'a ('a%&4n ('&,4 a n n)!/( %/!%&!n#!$! %a)!s&n(s %(n /($%%&4n $! ss&s#!n%&a a $&/&,&/s! a 'as'a$!/as )(n#a=(sas ! 0!/(n #a'a$as a/a ($!/ /!a'&a/ sss&!)/as $! ,/an(s 3s&%(s. C(n#/&+!n$( $! !s#a 0(/)a a'$!#!/&(/( $!' )!$&( a)&!n#! )as $!s$! 'a !/s!%#&"a $!ss&s#!n%&a ! $! /!n#a&'&$a$.

1


11/75

,) U$& In"%e("%& %e l" Tierr".

S!,n !s#$&(s /!a'&a$(s M(n#(+a 1991. .12 !' s( /!a' +(#!n%&a' $!' s!'( a/a !' a=( 19KKK #!n*a 'as s&,&!n#!s

%a/a%#!/*s#&%as

HEn /&)!/ ',a/ ! n&%a)!n#! %(n#a)(s %(n %as& !' 9 $!'s!'( a/a sa#&s0a%!/ n!s#/as n!%!s&$a$!s a,/(!%a/&as +0(/!s#a'!s !s#( !s ! 'a #&!//a n( a#a a/a #a'!s 0&n!sas%&!n$! a' 1.2 $!' #(#a'. En s!,n$( ',a/ ! 'as #&!//as0(/!s#a'!s s! an "&s#( /!$%&$as a s4'( !' 11.K %an$( $!!/*an(%a/ !' 5.2 $!' #(#a' $! n!s#/( #!//(/&( '( %a' &)'&%an s( &n$!&$( $!' s!'(. En #!/%!/ ',a/ ! n .85 $!'#(#a' $! 'a #&!//a %(n "(%a%&4n a,/(!%a/&a ( 0(/!s#a' n( a s&$(#&'&a$a '( %a' &)'&%a ! s! a !%( n s( &n!0&%&!n#! +(&na$!%a$( $!' s!'(. En %a/#( ',a/ ! 'a s!/0&%&! (%a$a

%(n 0&n!s ,ana$!/(s a /!asa$( !n 8.1 s s( (#!n%&a' !s#( !s! 'a s!/0&%&! %&!/#a (/ as#(s as%&!n$! a' .2 $!' #(#a'$!' s!'( %an$( s s( (#!n%&a' )3?&)( n( $!!/*a /!asa/ !'2. $! 'a s!/0&%&! #(#a' !''( &n$&%a ! s! !s#3 a%&!n$( ns( &n$!&$( +( &n!0&%&!n#! $!' s!'(. En &n#( ',a/ ! 'as!/0&%&! $!$&%a$a a 'a a,/&%'#/a a!nas as%&!n$! a n K.%an$( $!!/*a s!/ 81. $!' #(#a' $!' s!'( #a' $@0&% n&$( a'! /!s!n#an 'as #&!//as 0(/!s#a'!s !?'&%an 'a /((/%&4n!'!"a$*s&)a $! #&!//a /!(/#a$a a6( 'a %a#!,(/*a $! Hs( n(a,/*%('aH 2. $! 'a s!/0&%&! #(#a'.H

En 0n%&4n $! '( an#!/&(/ s! $!! &men'"r el $& %e l" 'ierr"

$, * n& 'ili"%" $!&$( a 'a !s#/!%! $!' #!//(/&( as* %()($!' 3/!a a,/*%('a #(#a' !s n!%!sa/&( n s( )3s /a%&(na' $! 'a#&!//a ! asa (/ )!6(/a/ s #&'&a%&4n #an#( !n !' 3/!a !!s#3 s&!n$( #&'&a$a a/a 0&n!s a,/(!%a/&(s %()( a!''a ! s!!n%!n#/a #(#a')!n#! (%&(sa.

() El U$& E/(e$i0& %e In$m&$ 12mi(&$.

E' /(,/!s&"( $!#!/&(/( $!' s!'( 'as n!%!s&$a$!s $! 'aa,/&%'#/a $! a,/(!?(/#a%&4n + 'as n!%!s&$a$!s $! 'a a,/&%'#/a$! ss&s#!n%&a an ''!"a$( a n n&"!' %a$a "! )3s %/!%&!n#! $!&ns)(s *)&%(s. A %(n#&na%&4n s! /!s!n#an 'as n!%!s&$a$!s

%/!%&!n#!s $! &ns)(s *)&%(s (/ a/#! $!' s!%#(/ a,/(!%a/&(

11


12/75

Ca$/( N/( 1

EL SALVADOR. MPORTACION DE FERTILI3ANTES 4mile$ 'm)

TIPO DE

FERTILI3ANTE

5678 5679 567: 567; 5677 5676

SIMPLEa)(n&(/!a!#%. 182 1:9 1:2 182 15 18

COMPUESTOS15-15-15-- !#%. :2 15 K5 5 181 1:

TOTAL : 8 8K 1K 21: K

Fen'e

PRODUCTO 567; 5677 5676 566>

INSECTICIDAS4'&$( ,L*&$( '#

8KK 99

5K11: 19K:5

5811 K:

5K:K 1515

ERBICIDASS4'&$( ,

L*&$( '#

1192

1:2:

18895

95:KK

:1555

522K1

1115:

2898

FUNGICIDASS4'&$( ,L*&$( '#

12:K2 :88

2529

2K11 88

8921K

K1K

1


13/75

FUENTE


14/75

'a !/(s&4n a %(n#&na$( %/!%&!n$( a n /)( /3&$( /!s!n#an$(as& n /('!)a !%('4,&%( !%(n4)&%( + s(%&a' $! ,/an$!s/((/%&(n!s a/a E' Sa'"a$(/.

Es%as! $! A,a.

E' Sa'"a$(/ %!n#a %(n 'as s&,&!n#!s %!n%as &$/(,/30&%as/*( L!)a /*( Pa /*(s San P!$/(-S!nsn#!!!-P(n$!/(s /*(sJ&(a-L!)a /*(s P'',a-C()a'aa-J&(a /*( A%!'a#!. E')an!6( $!0&%&!n#! $! !s#as %!n%as a ''!"a$( a' a,(#a)&!n#(,/a$a' $! !s#(s /!%/s(s.

S& a 'a sa%&4n $! 'as %!n%as s! '! a,/!,a ! !/s&s#! 'a #a'a+ s( &//a%&(na' $! '(s (s!s $! a%!/$( a !s#$&(s /!a'&a$(s(/ !' PNUD !s#&)a ! a/a !' a=( 'a $!)an$a $! a,a !na',nas /!,&(n!s &$/(,/30&%as s(/!asa/3 !' /!n$&)&!n#(s(s#!n&'!.

C(n#a)&na%&4n $! s!'( a,a + a&/!

En %an#( a 'a %(n#a)&na%&4n $!' s!'( !' a,a + !' a&/! s!&$!n#&0&%a ! !s /!s'#a$( $!' s( %a$a "! )3s &n#!ns&"( $!&ns)(s *)&%(s s(/! #($( '(s !s#&%&$as '(s %a'!s s(n%()!s#(s *)&%(s a/a /!s#/&n,&/ !' #a)a=( $! 'a ('a%&4n $!!s!%&!s n( $!s!a$as. Es#(s %()/!n$!n a '(s !/&%&$as sa$(sa/a !' %(n#/(' $! 'a,as !/3%!as &ns!%#&%&$as sa$(s a/a%()a#&/ &ns!%#(s + &(%&$as 'a,&%&$as ,!n!/a'!s ! !$!nsa/s! a/a )a#a/ #($( ,@n!/( $! "&$a. L(s !s#&%&$as an "!n&$(a a,/a"a/ !' !n$!'! !&'&/&( !%('4,&%( na%&(na' &n%'s&"! !n!' a*s s! %()!/%&a'&an !s#&%&$as !?#/!)a$a)!n#! #4?&%(s ! ans&$( /(&&$(s ( s(n $! s( )+ /!s#/&n,&$( !n )%(s a*s!s.

II-COMPARACION DE LA PRACTICA EN AGRICULTURA ORGANICA RESPECTO ALAS PRACTICAS DE OTRAS INSTITUCIONES INTERESADAS EN ELDESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN EL SALVADOR.

An#! !' ,/a"! /('!)a !%('4,&%( + !%(n4)&%( $! !/$&$a a%!'!/a$a

$! ss /!%/s(s na#/a'!s ! !n0/!n#a E' Sa'"a$(/ an n( s! a0(/)'a$( na ('*#&%a %(!/!n#! a/a 'a /!s!/"a%&4n $!' )!$&(a)&!n#!. EL Sa'"a$(/ /!&!/! $! ('*#&%as + )!$&$as /,!n#!s !&n)!$&a#as.

En 'a !/s!%#&"a $! %(n#/&&/ a )&,a/ 'a /('!)3#&%a)!$&(a)&!n#a' an s/,&$( + s! $!sa//(''an &n&%&a#&"as $!s$! 'asONGS + (/,an&s)(s $! %((!/a%&4n &n#!/na%&(na' an! an

18


15/75

'&)a$( !' !s0!/( s! &$!n#&0&%a na #!n$!n%&a (s&"a. E'!&( !"a'a$(/ )&?#( FUNDE-FUNPROCOOP /!a'&4 n !s0!/( a/a#!n!/ n an(/a)a $! 'as %(n%!%&(n!s + a%%&(n!s !n a,/&%'#/as(s#!n&'! ! )an!6an !n !' $&s%/s( ! &)'!)!n#an !n 'a /3%#&%a@s#as &ns#%&(n!s ! (!/an !n E' Sa'"a$(/.

C()( a/#! $! 'a !"a'a%&4n s! /!a'&a/(n !n#/!"&s#as a!/s(na'&$a$!s ! %(n(%!n !' #!)a + 0n%&(na/&(s $! &ns#%&(n!s(/&!n#a$as a%&a a%%&(n!s $! a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'!!s!%&a')!n#! !' Ins##( In#!/a)!/&%an( $! C((!/a%&4n a/a 'aA,/&%'#/a -IICA- 'a Un&"!/s&$a$ C!n#/(a)!/&%ana !n %(n6n#(%(n !' C!n#/( C((!/a#&"( $! In0(/)a%&4n s(/! T!%n('(,*asA'#!/na#&"as UCA-CENCITA + !' C!n#/( a/a 'a F(/)a%&4nIn"!s#&,a%&4n + Caa%a%&4n !n A,/&%'#/a S(s#!n&'! -CEFICAS-.E' (6!#&"( $! 'as )&s)as !s $a/ a 'a !?!/&!n%&a $! FUNPROCOOPa#as $! %()a/a%&4n !n !' an(/a)a na%&(na'.

.1 C(n%!%&(n!s $! a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! ! s! )an!6an !n E'Sa'"a$(/.

En '( ! s! /!0&!/! a 'as %(n%!%&(n!s /!s!%#( a $!sa//(''( +a,/&%'#/a ss#!n#a'! ( s(s#!n&'! 'a )a+(/*a $! a#(/!s !#/a#an !' #!)a s(n %(ns%&!n#!s ! &)'&%a (/ na a/#! 'a/3%#&%a !%(n4)&%a + /($%#&"a $! 'as !/s(nas + (/ 'a (#/a 'a%(ns!/"a%&4n + 0(/#a'!%&)&!n#( $! '(s /!%/s(s na#/a'!s $!)an!/a #a' ! a)as !n%!n#/!n %(ns#an#!)!n#! n !&'&/&(. Es#!!&'&/&( (/ s!s#( $!! !s#a/ !n %(//!s(n$!n%&a %(n !'!&'&/&( $! '(s !%(s&s#!)as s(/! '(s ! a%#an.

P(/ !6!)'( 'a FAO $!0&n! !' $!sa//(''( s(s#!n&'! n( $! %+(s%()(n!n#!s !s 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! %()( H...!' )an!6( +%(ns!/"a%&4n $! 'a as! $! /!%/s(s na#/a'!s + 'a (/&!n#a%&4n $!'%a)&( #!%n('4,&%( ! &ns#%&(na' $! #a' )an!/a ! as!,/! 'a%(n#&na sa#&s0a%%&4n $! 'as n!%!s&$a$!s )anas a/a 'as,!n!/a%&(n!s /!s!n#!s + 0#/asH !n IICA 1991. En %a)&( (#/(sa#(/!s $!0&n!n a' $!sa//(''( s(s#!n&'! %()( n /(%!s( !H...!s !&"a'!n#! a' /(,/!s( s6!#( a 'a %(ns#an%&a $! 'as/!s!/"as $! /!%/s(s na#/a'!sH P!a/%! !n IICA 1991.

Ta' %()( '( 'an#!a Os%a/ Da$a a* a+ na &)(/#an#! $&0!/!n%&a$! @n0as&s )&!n#/as a/a n(s '( s(s#!n&'! s&,n&0&%a s(/!#($( s(s#!n!/ &n&n#!//)&$a)!n#! n %/!%&)&!n#( !%(n4)&%( a/a(#/(s !' @n0as&s s! %('(%a s(/! !' /(4s( $! /!%!/a/ +)an#!n!/ !' !&'&/&( /!s!%#( a '(s !%(s&s#!)as (/ '( !#!/)&nan /((n&!n$( %()( "a/&an#! '(s #@/)&n(s !%(n()*ass#!n#a'! $!sa//(''( ss#!n#a'! + a/a !' %as( a,/&%'#/ass#!n#a'! %()( na a'#!/na#&"a 0/!n#! a 'a &n#!//!#a%&4n $!$!sa//(''( s(s#!n&'! + a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! %()( %(n%!%&(n!s

15


16/75

! $an )3s &)(/#an%&a a' %/!%&)&!n#( !%(n4)&%( ! a '(s!&'&/&(s !%('4,&%(s.

A!ri(l'r" &r!?ni(" - "!ri(l'r" e(&l@!i("En %an#( a '(s #@/)&n(s a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a + a,/&%'#/a

!%('4,&%a $!! $!s#a%a/s! ! n( n!%!sa/&a)!n#! &)'&%an na(%&4n (/ na $! 'as $(s %(n%!%&(n!s $! $!sa//(''( +a'an#!a$as. R!s'#a )+ s&)'! + !s#/!%( a0&/)a/ (/ !6!)'( !'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a s&/"! a/a &)'!)!n#a/ /(+!%#(s(/&!n#a$(s a%&a !' $!sa//(''( s(s#!n&'! + ! 'a a,/(!%('(,*as&/"! a/a !6!%#a/ /(+!%#(s (/&!n#a$(s a%&a 'a a,/&%'#/ass#!n#a'!. Es#( n( !s as* (/! #an#( 'a a,/(!%('(,*a %()( 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !$!n &ns#/)!n#a'&a/s! !n $&s!=(s +!6!%%&4n!s $! /(+!%#(s &ns&/a$(s !n na (#/a %(n%!%&4n $!$!sa//(''(. En%!//a/s! !n n $!a#! $! #a' na#/a'!a s!/*a!s#@/&' + %(n"&!n! !"a/'(.

L( ! s* &n#!/!sa $!s#a%a/ !s ! '(s #@/)&n(s a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a + a,/(!%('(,*a s&n !s#a/ /!=&$(s ( %(n#/a!s#(s $!)an!/a as('#a &)'&%an $&0!/!n%&as $&,nas $! #!n!/ !n %!n#a.P(/ !6!)'( Ja"&!/ M('&na &n"!s#&,a$(/ as(%&a$( a 'a UCAUn&"!/s&$a$ C!n#/(a)!/&%ana J(s@ S&)!4n Ca=as a0&/)a Ha'/!s!%#( 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a %(ns#+! n )($!'( a'#!/na#&"($! /($%%&4n !n !' %a' 'a !0&%&!n%&a !%(n4)&%a !s s%a$a (/)!$&( $!' s( 4#&)( $! '(s /!%/s(s /!n("a'!s %(n#/&+!n$( as*a /!s!/"a/ !' )!$&( a)&!n#!H M('&na 1995 !n #an#( !R&%a/$( ;&n#an&''a $! CEFICAS C!n#/( $! F(/)a%&4n In"!s#&,a%&4n+ Caa%a%&4n !n A,/&%'#/a S(s#!n&'! s(s#&!n! ! @' a"an4$!s$! 'as %(n%!%&(n!s $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a a%&a 'a

a,/(!%('(,*a. La $&0!/!n%&a !s!n%&a' !s#3 $! a%!/$( %(n R&%a/$(;&n#an&''a !n ! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a (!/a %(n na '4,&%a! s%a s(/! #($( ss#&/ '(s &ns)(s %(n"!n%&(na'!s (/&ns)(s (/,3n&%(s '( %a' !s %(//!%#( + %(n"!n&!n#! !/( a%!0a'#a &/ )3s a''3 a%&a 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a ! s%a a%!/$! 'as 0!/as + %(n$&%&(n!s $! 'a na#/a'!a ' s('a/ ! $a!n!/,*a a 'a 0(#(s*n#!s&s a,a %(//&!n#! $! ''"&a s#!//3n!a! a'&)!n#a + 0a"(/!%! /!0!/!n#!)!n#! a',n(s #&(s $! %'#&"('a %()(s&%&4n $! '(s s!'(s 'a a'#$ !#% '(s &ns)(s/($%#&"(s 0n$a)!n#a'!s. Es#! #&( $! /3%#&%a a,/*%('a s%a&n#!,/a/s! '!na)!n#! a '(s !%(s&s#!)as !n '(s ! (!/a + )!6(/a/'a /($%#&"&$a$ an! &3s n( s&!)/! 'a /!n#a&'&$a$)!$&an#! !' /(0n$( %(n(%&)&!n#( $! 'as &n#!/a%%&(n!s !n#/! '(s$&s#&n#(s a,!n#!s $! 'a na#/a'!a.(+ (/ (+ CEFICAS (!/a%&(na'&a !s#a %(n%!%&4n $! a,/&%'#/a!n 'a a/%!'a a,/(!%('4,&%a.

P(/ s!s#( !n na #/ans&%&4n s(%&a' !n ,/an !s%a'a $!s$! na/3%#&%a a,/*%('a 0n$a)!n#a')!n#! /!a'&a$a %(n &ns)(s

1:


17/75

a,/(*)&%(s a%&a na a,/&%'#/a ss#!n#a'! ( s(s#!n&'! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a #&!n! )%( (#!n%&a'.

E' !&( !"a'a$(/ %(ns&$!/4 ! a' /!0!/&/s! a 'as %(n%!%&(n!s! s! )an!6an !n E' Sa'"a$(/ n( $!! $!6a/ $! )!n%&(na/s! 'as

a%#$!s ! s! an "&s#( as(%&a$as a 'as /3%#&%as a,/*%('as !s%an na !%(n()*a ss#!n#a'!.

S! (s!/"4 ! !n !' asa$( /!%&!n#! )%as !/s(nas as)*an 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a + 'a a,/&%'#/a !%('4,&%a $! )an!/a )+H(/#($(?aH !s $!%&/ ! s!n#*an !s!%&a')!n#! n /!%a(!)(%&(na' a%&a 'as /3%#&%as $! 'a a,/&%'#/a %(n"!n%&(na'a(+a$a !n &ns)(s a,/(*)&%(s an %an$( s %(n(%&)&!n#( $! 'as/3%#&%as a'#!/na#&"as n( !/a %aa $! (0/!%!/ ss##(s !0&%a%!s!n #($(s '(s %as(s. S&n !)a/,( !s#a a%#$ H(/#($(?aH &n&%&a'a s&$( ss#*$a !n 'a )a+(/*a $! !/s(nas (/ %&!/#(Hs&n%/!#&s)( /("&s&(na'H ! n( /!%aa (/ $(,)a !' s( $! '(sa,/(*)&%(s + ! n( s(n! a 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%aas('#a)!n#! s!/&(/ + !0&%a an %an$( s* #()! na (%&4n%(ns%&!n#! (/ !''a /!%(n(%&!n$( ss '*)!s + !s0(/3n$(s! (/s!/a/'(s.

Es#! n#( $! "&s#a !s#3 &!n /!/!s!n#a$( !n 'as s&,&!n#!sa'a/as HLa a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a n( s&,n&0&%a /!s#a'!%!/ '(s)@#($(s $! /($%%&4n a,/*%('as /!"&( a 'a /!"('%&4n &n$s#/&a'.P(/ !' %(n#/a/&( @s#a #&'&a 'a #!%n('(,*a %(n#!)(/3n!a #an#(!n !&( %()( !n a',n(s &ns)(s s!)&''as )!6(/a$as (/!6!)'( as* %()( 'as &nn("a%&(n!s !n a'&)!n#a%&4n + )an!6( $!,ana$(. L( an#!/&(/ n( n&!,a !' !%( $! ! 'a a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a /!s%a#a /3%#&%as /($%#&"as #/a$&%&(na'!s ! s(na'#a)!n#! s(s#!n&'!s. En !s#! s!n#&$( 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a%()&na a',n(s !'!)!n#(s #/a$&%&(na'!s $! %(ns!/"a%&4n $! s!'(s+ !' !&'&/&( &('4,&%( %(n 'a #!%n('(,*a )($!/na. D!s$! nn#( $! "&s#a )3s %(n%!#a' 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a s(n!/3%#&%as /($%#&"as ,&a$as (/ n %(n6n#( $! "a'(/!s !!$!n s!/ $!n()&na$(s H M('&na 1995.

. Sa%&4n $! 'as /3%#&%as !n a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a + !%('4,&%a!n E' Sa'"a$(/.

C(n 'a &n#!n%&4n $! %(n#a/ %(n n an(/a)a na%&(na' !' !&(!"a'a$(/ /(%!$&4 a $(%)!n#a/ 'as /&n%&a'!s !?!/&!n%&as $!"a/&as &ns#%&(n!s !n !' %a)( $! 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! %(n'( ! FUNPROCOOP #&!n! n an(/a)a a)'&( an! n( !?as#&"(s(/! !s#a #!)3#&%a.

1


18/75

En /&)!/ ',a/ a/*a ! %(ns&$!/a/ 'a a$"!/#!n%&a &n$&%a$a (/Os%a/ Da$a &n"!s#&,a$(/ $! FUNDE !n !' /a)( %an$( a0&/)a ! !n/!'a%&4n a (#/(s a*s!s 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n E' Sa'"a$(/#&!n! n /!!/#(/&( s&,n&0&%a#&"a)!n#! )!n(/ $! %(n(%&)&!n#(s&nn("a%&(n!s ! &n0/a!s#/%#/a $!$&%a$a a 'a )&s)a s!a ! s!

#/a#! $! &n0/a!s#/%#/a a/a 'a &n"!s#&,a%&4n ( $!&n0/a!s#/%#/a +a $&/!%#a)!n#! $!$&%a$a a 'a /($%%&4n %()!/%&a'( $! %(ns)( $&/!%#(.

En %()a/a%&4n a C(s#a R&%a + !n a',n(s as!%#(s &n%'s(/!s!%#( a N&%a/a,a E' Sa'"a$(/ !s#3 %'a/a)!n#! /!a,a$(.S&,n&0&%a ! '(s sa'"a$(/!=(s !$!n a/!n$!/ )%( )3s $!!?!/&!n%&as $! Ca + C('()&a 'as %a'!s s! %(ns&$!/an %()( 'as!?!/&!n%&as )3s a)'&as + '!nas !n a,/&%'#/a !%('4,&%a $!'#/4&%( 'a#&n(a)!/&%an(.

Ja&)! T(a/ $! 'a UCA %(&n%&$! #a)&@n %(n !s#a a0&/)a%&4n%an$( "a'(/a ! 'a &)(s&&'&$a$ $! s&s#!)a#&a/ 'a !?!/&!n%&a$! 'as $&s#&n#as &ns#%&(n!s ! #/aa6an !n !' %a)( '( %a'!/a 'a )!#a $! n !n%!n#/( /!%&!n#! !n !s#! %a)( /!a'&a$(/!%&sa)!n#! !n 'as &ns#a'a%&(n!s $! 'a UCA s! $!! a' %a/3%#!/#($a"*a &n%&&!n#! $! 'a )a+(/*a $! !?!/&!n%&as. E' In,. T(a/6,a ! 'a ,!//a a s&$( n 0a%#(/ $!#!/)&nan#! !n 'a%&/%ns#an%&a $! n( /(0n$&a/ '(s %(n(%&)&!n#(s + 'as /3%#&%as!n !' %a)( $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a + !%('4,&%a !/( "a'(/a! a %asa $! 'a ,!//a E' Sa'"a$(/ #a)&@n #&!n! 'a ((/#n&$a$n&%a $! !?#!n$!/ 'a a,/&%'#/a !%('4,&%a s(/! na a)'&a!?#!ns&4n $! ',a/!s ! $!6a/(n $! s!/ as&s#&$(s %(n &ns)(sa,/(*)&%(s $/an#! !' %(n0'&%#(. E' %a0@ (/,3n&%( H&&'Ha/("!%4 na "!n#a6a $! !s#! #&(.

En '( ! s! /!0&!/! a' #/aa6( $!sa//(''a$( (/ 'as &ns#%&(n!s%(n 'as ! s! !n#/4 !n %(n#a%#( %a! /!s!n#a/ 'as s&,&!n#!s/!s!=as

La Un&4n $! C((!/a#&"as UCAPROBE !n %((/$&na%&4n %(n CLUSAL&,a $! %((!/a#&"as $! '(s !s#a$(s a)!/&%an(s a /()("&$( 'a/($%%&4n $! %a0@ (/,3n&%( !n#/! ss %((!/a#&"as a0&'&a$as/!a'&an$(s! n "(')!n &)(/#an#! $! (!/a%&(n!ss /(,/a)a !n( a s&$( (s&'! %(n#&na/ $a$( ! '(s /!n$&)&!n#(s a '(s $(sa=(s $! /($%%&4n a6an s!ns&'!)!n#!.

Ca#('&% R!'&!0 S!/"&%! CRS a $!sa//(''a$( na '*n!a $!0&nan%&a)&!n#( (/&!n#a$( a 0a"(/!%!/ 'a $&"!/s&0&%a%&4n $!%'#&"(s + 'a /!%(n"!/s&4n &ns#%&(na' a/a 'a a,/&%'#/as(s#!n&'! $!sa//(''an$( $&"!/s(s !sa%&(s $! %aa%a%&4n&n#!/%a)&( $! !?!/&!n%&as + a(+( a $(s %!n#/(s $!!?!/&)!n#a%&4n !n San J(s@ V&''an!"a + San J(s@ Ca''! R!a'.

1K


19/75

En n n&"!' $! )a+(/ a)'$ + $! )an!/a %(n%!/#a$a s! "&!n!#/aa6an$( a n&"!' $! 'as On,s !n 'a C((/$&na$(/a $! A,/&%'#/aE%('4,&%a $! E' Sa'"a$(/ COAGRES !s0!/( ! #&!n! s (/&,!n !n)a/(-a/&' 1992 !n 'a ! a/#&%&an FUNDE Un&"!/s&$a$ $! E'Sa'"a$(/.

En s $!s!,! Pan a/a !' Mn$( %(n#/&+4 %(n n %(ns'#(/. En!' !sa%&( %(n%!/#a$( ! s! a/! s! /!a'&a n s!)&na/&($&/&,&$( a $&/!%#(/!s $! On,s n %/s( &n#/($%#(/&( $&/&,&$( a!/s(na' #@%n&%( + n !n%!n#/( na%&(na'. En !s#! !sa%&( IICA(0/!%! a COAGRES a(+( a #/a"@s $!' CATIE + FAO. CATIE !n 'a0(/)a%&4n $! /!%/s(s )an(s !n 'as a/!as $! !$%a%&4n a)&!n#a')an!6( $! %!n%as a,/(!%(s&s#!)as )an!6( &n#!,/a$( $! 'a,ass(s#!n&&'&$a$. As&)&s)( EART TRADE (0/!%! %((!/a/ !n !' a/!a $!%()!/%&a'&a%&4n $! /($%#(s (/,3n&%(s !s#a'!%!/ %(n#a%#( %(n(#/as (/,an&a%&(n!s $! %()!/%&a'&a%&4n ALTERDEC (0/!%! %((!/a/!n )!#($('(,*a $! %aa%a%&4n %(n %a)!s&n(s.

Ea/# T/a$! $!s$! a%! %a#/( a=(s /!a'&a n /(,/a)a a/a !'0()!n#( $! 'a /($%%&4n (/,3n&%a %(n%!n#/an$( !s0!/( !n !'%'#&"( $! a6(n6('* + '#&)a)!n#! )a/a=(n (/,3n&%( 'a &ns#%&4n(0/!%! %/!$(s as&s#!n%&a #@%n&%a + )!/%a$( a/a '(s /($%#(s'(s "(')!n!s $! /($%%&4n as#a 'a 0!%a an s&$( )($!s#(s s&n!)a/,( !n !' a=( 95 !n %((/$&na%&4n %(n 'a Fn$a%&4n CORDES$!sa//(''an n a)'&( 'an $! %'#&"a/ 1 )ananas $! )a/a=(nas(%&a$( %(n a6(n6('* !n 'a (na $! San Ca/'(s L!)a $!a/#a)!n#($! San V&%!n#!.

Una &)(/#an#! a%%&4n a/a 'a s(s#!n&&'&$a$ )!$&(a)&!n#a' !s !'F(n$( a/a 'a In&%&a#&"a $! Las A)@/&%as FIAES a$)&n&s#/a$((/ La S!%/!#a/*a $!' M!$&( A)&!n#! SEMA !' 0(n$( !s )an!6a$((/ n %()@ !n !' ! a+ /!/!s!n#a%&4n $! On,s a)&!n#a'&s#as! &ns##(s $! &n"!s#&,a%&4n !' /(,/a)a &n&%&4 a )!$&a$(s $!1998. E' /(,/a)a %(ns&$!/a 0()!n#a/0&nan%&a/ 'a /!%(n"!/s&4n $!/3%#&%as #@%n('4,&%as $! '(s a,/&%'#(/!s a(+an$( a 'a )a+(/a/#! $! On,s ! a/#&%&an $! COAGRES a )an!/a $! !6!)'(CORDES $!sa//(''a !n 'as %a#/( /!,&(n!s n /(,/a)a ! %()/!n$!%aa%a%&4n !n a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a.

En !' 3/!a $! &n"!s#&,a%&(n!s PRISMA + FUNDE #&!n!n n a(/#!s&,n&0&%a#&"( !' /&)!/( a %(n%!n#/a$( !s0!/(s !n !' #!)a $!a,a + !' s!,n$( !n !' 3/!a $! s(s#!n&&'&$a$ a,/(!%('4,&%a !n !'n&"!' )a%/(. Pa/a 1995 s! /(0n$&a/3n '(s $&a,n4s#&%(s $!')n&%&&( $! T!%('%a + !' n(/#! $! Ca'a#!nan,( s&!n$( 'a )!#a0(/)'a/ na /(!s#a $! $!sa//(''a s(s#!n&'! a/a 'as $(s a/!as,!(,/30&%as.

19


20/75

E' IICA /!a'&a n &)(/#an#! /(,/a)a $! /()(%&4n $! a,/&%'#/as(s#!n&'! a$!)3s $! s &n%&$!n%&a !n '(s n&"!'!s,!/na)!n#a'!s !s#3n /!a'&an$( !n %((/$&na%&4n $! On,s a%%&(n!s!n a',nas a/!as !s!%*0&%a)!n#! !n 1998 s! &n&%&4 !n a(+( aP'an In#!/na%&(na' n /(,/a)a !n !' $!a/#a)!n#( $! La L&!/#a$

%+a )!#a $! %(!/#/a s(n 5 !!=(s a,/&%'#(/!s. En $&%()a/%( $! /(,/a)a s! a !'a(/a$( n In"!n#a/&( $! T!%n('(,*as! /!%(,! 'as !?/!&!n%&as !n M!s(a)@/&%a $! A,/&%'#/aS(s#!n&'!.

E' IICA $!s'&!,a a &n&%&a$( n /(+!%#( $! 0(/#a'!%&)&!n#(&ns#%&(na' a/a '(s /4?&)(s $(s a=(s + )!$&( ! s! (/&!n#a a'a /()(%&4n $! 'a PRODUCCION SOSTENIBLE EN LADERAS. Es#! /(+!%#(#&!n! #/!s n&"!'!s $! !6!%%&4n E' %!n#/(a)!/&%an( !' na%&(na'+ !' '(%a'. Pa/a !' n&"!' '(%a' a /!a'&a/s! !n E' Sa'"a$(/ +a s!!'&,&!/(n '(s )n&%&&(s $! Nueva Concepción !n Ca'a#!nan,( +Jocoro !n M(/a3n.

E' /!/!s!n#an#! $!' IICA !n#/!"&s#a$( In,. R(!/#( R($/*,! s!)(s#/4 &n#!/!sa$( !n #!n!/ %()n&%a%&4n $&/!%#a %(n 'a GECA !nCa'a#!nan,( )an&0!s#an$( 'a (s&&'&$a$ $! ! !s#a &ns#%&4n(/ s!/ $! 'a '(%a'&$a$ a/#&%&! a%#&"a)!n#! !n !' /(+!%#( a/a/()("!/ 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! !n 'a$!/as.

O#/a as!%#( ! $!! )!n%&(na/s! !s ! !' IICA %!n#a %(n n!n %!n#/( $! $(%)!n#a%&4n + na '&/!/*a !n '(s %a'!s s!%!n#a %(n &n0(/)a%&4n s(/! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a &n%'+!n$(a',n(s )a#!/&a'!s s(/! 'a /($%%&4n !n 'a$!/as.

E' #/aa6( $! CEFICA !n !' %a)( $! 'a a,/&%'#/a !%('4,&%a a6&%&( $! n( $! ss !/s(n!/(s s! %(ns&$!/a n( $! '(s )3s%()'!#(s !n E' Sa'"a$(/ !s %!n#an %(n n %!n#/( $!%aa%a%&4n ! &n"!s#&,a%&4n %a//!#!/a #/(%a' $!' n(/#! an#!s $!A(a an /!a'&a$( a',nas '&%a%&(n!s + #&!n!n !n 'aa%#a'&$a$ a'/!$!$(/ $! 1 a/%!'as a,/(!%('4,&%as + (#/as !n!/0&' a$!)3s ! &n$&/!%#a)!n#! 'a !?!/&!n%&a $! !''(s !s/!#()a$a (/ (#/as &ns#%&(n!s. S&n !)a/,( (/ '&)a%&(n!s $!#&!)( n( 0! (s&'! %(n(%!/ $&/!%#a)!n#! na a/%!'a !%('4,&%a$&s!=a$a (/ CEFICAS.

En %an#( a 'a !?!/&!n%&a $! 'a UCA !n 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'!

$!! /!sa'#a/s! ! s! $!sa//(''a $!s$! $(s $!a/#a)!n#(s %(nas#an#! &n$!!n$!n%&a n( $!' (#/( + /3%#&%a)!n#! s&n na"!/$a$!/a %((/$&na%&4n $! !s0!/(s.

P(/ !' 'a$( $!' D!a/#a)!n#( $! E%(n()*a s! a #/aa6a$( !n%()&na%&4n %(n CENCITA C!n#/( C((!/a#&"( $! In0(/)a%&4n s(/!T!%n('(,*as a'#!/na#&"as !n 'a %aa%a%&(n a %a)!s&n(s !n 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a. A a/#&/ $! a,(s#( $! 1998 a)as


21/75

&ns#%&(n!s !n %(n6n#( an &)'!)!n#a$( /(,/a)as!?!/&)!n#a'!s $! %aa%a%&4n !n a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a %(n!!=(s a,/&%'#(/!s %(n a/%!'as $! na !?#!ns&4n /()!$&( $!$(s )ananas !n 18 %()n&$a$!s $! '(s )n&%&&(s $! T!%('%a +San Jan O&%(.

C!/%a $! 15 a,/&%'#(/!s &n#/($6!/(n /3%#&%as $! a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a !n 'a /($%%&4n $! s!,n$a $! )a* 0/&6(' + a',nas(/#a'&as. S!,n &n0(/)an H'(s /!s'#a$(s (#!n&$(s (/ !s#(s/($%#(/!s )!s#/an ! !s (s&'! + "!n#a6(s( $!sa//(''a/ 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n 'a !!=a /($%%&4n a,/*%('a. Es#a"!n#a6a s! )an&0&!s#a !n %(s#(s a6(s $! /($%%&4n !n/!n$&)&!n#(s /!'a#&"a)!n#! a'#(s + an#! #($( !n 'a /!s!/"a%&4n+ a)!n#( $! 'a %aa%&$a$ /($%#&"a a 'a/,( 'a(H M('&na1995.

En %an#( a' D!a/#a)!n#( $! C&!n%&as Na#/a'!s $! 'a UCA #&!n!!n s a!/ a',nas &n"!s#&,a%&(n!s /!s!%#( a 'a a'&%a%&4n $!&ns!%#&%&$a !'a(/a$( a as! $! N&) a 'a /($%%&4n $! (/#a'&as!s!%&a')!n#! !' In,. O"&$&( A)&'%a/ Sa'aa/ a /!a'&a$( !s#as&n"!s#&,a%&(n!s. S&n !)a/,( an n( ''!,an a 'a %aa%&$a$ $!'an#!a/ /!%()!n$a%&(n!s a '(s /($%#(/!s. P(/ (#/a a/#! a',n(sa')n(s %()( Ma/#a E"!'+n G(n3'! a(/a ,/a$a$a an/!a'&a$( &n"!s#&,a%&(n!s s(/! !' #!)a. La #!s&s $! ,/a$a%&4n'an#!a '(s /!s'#a$(s $! n !s#$&( $! 'an#as %()( /!!'!n#!s +%()( )!$&%&nas. O#/a #!s&s !n /!a/a%&4n a6( %&$a$( $! 'a In,.G'a$&s L!)s "!/sa s(/! 'a !'a(/a%&4n &n$s#/&a' $! /($%#(s(/,3n&%(s.

T()an$( !n %(ns&$!/a%&(n 'a sa%&4n $! (#/as &ns#%&(n!s !n !'a*s !' !&( !"a'a$(/ ''!,4 a' %(ns!ns( ! s& &!n !na',n(s as!%#(s n#a'!s (#/as &ns#%&(n!s an $!sa//(''a$( +!s#3n $!sa//(''an$( !?!/&!n%&as &)(/#an#!s !n %(n6n#( 'a!?!/&!n%&a $! #($as !''as s(/!asa 'a !?!/&!n%&a $! FUNPROCOOPan %an$( !n '( a/#&%'a/ + !n #@/)&n(s ,!n!/a'!s 'a )a+(/*as! !n%!n#/a !n !' )&s)( !s#a$( &n%&&!n#! $! #/aa6(. S&n!)a/,( !s#a %(n%'s&4n n( $!6a $! /!%(n(%!/ 'a n!%!s&$a$ +%(n"!n&!n%&a a/a FUNPROCOOP $! /!a%#&"a/ ss /!'a%&(n!s %(n(#/as &ns#%&(n!s !n !' %a)( a/a !s#a'!%!/ n s&s#!)a ! $@s!,&)&!n#( %(n#&n( + %an$( s!a /!%&s( $!#a''a$( + n#a' a'as /3%#&%as + !?!/&!n%&as $! (#/as &ns#%&(n!s ! #a)&@n#/aa6an !n 'a /()(%&4n $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a. Es n!%!sa/&(!s#$&a/ 'a (s&&'&$a$ $! &n%'&/ !s#! as!%#( %()( n %()(n!n#!$!' /(,/a)a


22/75

(/&!n#3n$(s! a 'a a/(&a%&4n $! 'as !?!/&!n%&as $! '(s a*s!s%(n %(n(%&)&!n#(s )3s $!s'!,a$(s !n 'a a,/(!%('(,*a #/(&%a'.

E' !&( !"a'a$(/ %(ns&$!/4 &)(/#an#! a%!/ n(#a/ !FUNPROCOOP $!s#a%a %(n !s!%&a' /!'!"an%&a !n 'as /3%#&%as

(/&!n#a$as a%&a 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'! a' a!/ '(,/a$( !'(s /($%#(/!s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as a6( s a#!n%&4n as)&!/an !&)'!)!n#a/an )as&"a)!n#! 'a 0!/#&'&a%&4n (/,3n&%a !n 'a/($%%&4n $! ,/an(s 3s&%(s + ! $!s$! !s#a !?!/&!n%&a$!sa//(''a/an n &n#!/@s (/ %(n(%!/ )3s $! 'a a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a. E' !&( !"a'a$(/ 6,4 !s#! '(,/( %()( !' )3s&)(/#an#! !n '( ! "a $!' /(,/a)a >%(ns&$!/4 n!%!sa/&( !?a)&na/ 'as %(n%!%&(n!s 'as )!#as + 'as)!#($('(,*as ( /(%!$&)&!n#(s &)'!)!n#a$(s a/a !6!%#a/ !'/(,/a)a !n ss $&s#&n#(s %()(n!n#!s #()an$( %()( n#( $!


23/75

a/#&$a 6'&( $! 1998 + %()( n#( $! ''!,a$a a,(s#( $! 1995 an%an$( #a)&@n s! #()4 !n %!n#a #($( !' /(%!s( &s#4/&%(&ns#%&(na' an#!%!$!n#!.

2.1 C(n%!%&4n !s#/3#!,&%a $!' /(,/a)a > s! %(n%&&4 %()( n /(%!s( a na !s%a'a/!'a#&"a)!n#! a)'&a $! 0(/)a%&4n %aa%a%&4n ! &n"!s#&,a%&4n!n 'a '*n!a $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a + 'a #!%n('(,*a a/(&a$a%()( n !s0!/( ! $!*a %(n#/&&/ a 'a s!$a $! )($(s $!/($%%&4n a#(,!s#&(na/&(s + s(s#!n&'!s a/a %((!/a#&"as $!/($%%&4n + %()n&$a$!s %a)!s&nas. En 'a a%#a'&$a$ s! )an#&!n!!s#a %(n%!%&4n (/&,&na' !/( s! $!0&n! %()( /(%!$&)&!n#( a/a&)'!)!n#a/ $&%a %(n%!%&4n !' %)'&)&!n#( $! a%%&(n!s!s#/a#@,&%as (/&!n#a$as a%&a #/!s (6!#&"(s

a F(/)a/ n )("&)&!n#( $! a,/&%'#(/!s '&$!/!a$(s (/ '(s/()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s

C(n#&na/ %(n 'a &n"!s#&,a%&4n + !?!/&)!n#a%&4n !n a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a + #!%n('(,*a a/(&a$a a n&"!' $! '(s /(&(s /($%#(/!s!n 'as %((!/a#&"as + %()n&$a$!s +

% L(,/a/ ! 'a GECA G/an6a Es%!'a $! Caa%a%&4nA,/(!%a/&a + '(s CECAP C!n#/(s $! Caa%a%&4n A,/(!%a/&as&s#!)a#&%!n + $&"',!n 'a !?!/&!n%&a a%)'a$a.

En s*n#!s&s 'a %(n%!%&4n $!' /(,/a)a


24/75

En %(!/!n%&a %(n 'a &$!a $! !s#&)'a/ 'a 0(/)a%&4n $! )($(s $!/($%%&4n a'#!/na#&"(s 'a %(n%!%&4n !s#/a#@,&%a $! FUNPROCOOP$!0&n! %()( a,!n#!s /&n%&a'!s $!' /(,/a)a (/ (/$!n $!&)(/#an%&a a '(s PROMOTORES ORGANICOS a 'a GECA a '(s CECAP a'(s /($%#(/!s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as ! /a%#&!n 'a a,/&%'#/a

(/,3n&%a + 'a /(&a FUNPROCOOP.La &n#!/"!n%&4n !s#/a#@,&%a $! !s#(s a,!n#!s #a' %()( aa/!%!'an#!a$a !n !' /(+!%#( s(n! ! 'a GECA 0(/)a a '(s/()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s + ! !''(s /()!"!n 'as /3%#&%as $! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n#/! '(s $!)3s /($%#(/!s $! s %((!/a#&"a( %()n&$a$. T($a "! ! 'as %()n&$a$!s + %((!/a#&"as as)an 'a/3%#&%a $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a (/ !s0!/( $! !''as a6('a %(n$%%&4n $!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( s! 0(/)a n CECAP a/a!?!/&)!n#a/ &n"!s#&,a/ + %aa%a/ a '(s %a)!s&n(s $! 'a (na (/!,&4n !s $!%&/ a$"&@/#as! 'a %(//!s(n$!n%&a !n#/! CECAP + 'a/!$ /!,&(na' $! /($%#(/!s %(n%!&$a %()( URP. L'!,a$( a !s#!n#( !' /(%!s( s! s(n! ! 'a GECA ! +a a /("&s#( %(n&ns)(s (/,3n&%(s a '(s CECAP %()&!na a '&%a/ &n0(/)a%&4na/a a(+a/ !' #/aa6( $! '(s /()(#(/!s + /($%#(/!s (/,3n&%(s! )as&0&%a/*an ss %(n(%&)&!n#(s $!s$! '(s CECAP.

M3s a$!'an#! s! !?a)&na s& 'a /3%#&%a $! '(s $&"!/s(s a,!n#!s!s#/a#@,&%(s $!' /(,/a)a > /!a6s#a$( a/a!' !/*($( 1995-199 'an#!a s!&s !s#/a#!,&as a/#&%'a/!s a/a!6!%#a/ !' /(,/a)a /!s!%#( a 'as %a'!s ($!)(s $!#a''a/'( s&,&!n#!

2..1 Pr&p&r(i&n"r (r%i'&$ ,l"n%&$ $in (&,r& %e in'er$ "("mpe$in&$ +e en $$ p"r(el"$ (l'i0en !r"n&$ ,?$i(&$ 4m"2 *

ri&l) (&n ",&n&$ 0er%e$ * pe+eñ"$ &,r"$ %e (&n$er0"(i@n %e$el&$.

Es#a !s#/a#!,&a s! a /!a'&a$( +a ! FUNPROCOOP %(n$&%&(n4 '(s%/@$(s $! !s#! a=( a ! '(s /($%#(/!s s!)/a/an #&'&an$(&ns)(s (/,3n&%(s !s!%&a')!n#! n a(n( (/,3n&%( $! /!a/a%&4n/3&$a a as! $! ,a''&naa !s#&!/%(' $! ,a''&na /!%(,&$( $! 'as,/an6as a"*%('as %!n&a + %a' s&n !)a/,( '(s %/@$(s

8


25/75

(#(/,a$(s a '(s /($%#(/!s s* !s#&'a/(n !' a,( $! n &n#!/@s! (s%&'a a/a $&s#&n#(s %as(s $!s$! !' K as#a !' 18.A$!)3s !' %/@$( n( %(n#!)'4 n& !s#&)'4 'a s&!)/a $! a(n(s"!/$!s n& 'a /!a'&a%&4n $! !!=as (/as $! %(ns!/"a%&4n $!s!'(s.

En ,!n!/a' !' %/@$( 0! (#(/,a$( a' C(ns!6( $! A$)&n&s#/a%&4n $!'a %((!/a#&"a + n( #($(s '(s /($%#(/!s %(ns'#a$(s !s#aans!,/(s $! ($!/ a,a/'(.

2.. Implemen'"r el pr&!r"m" %ire('"men'e (&n l&$ "!ri(l'&re$in%i0i%"le$ %e ("%" &n" * e$'",le(er (en'r&$ %e ("p"(i'"(i@n *e/perimen'"(i@n en "!ri(l'r" &r!?ni(".

R!s!%#( a !s#a )!#a s! (s!/"4 ! 1995 a s&$( !' a=( !n !!0!%#&"a)!n#! s! %)'&4 $a$( ! !n #($(s '(s a=(s an#!/&(/!s$!' /(,/a)a


26/75

Es &)(/#an#! $!%&/ ! !' a(n( (/,3n&%( H$! a'&%a%&4n&n)!$&a#aH an /!&!/! $! "a'&$a%&4n #@%n&%a + ! '(s!s0!/(s $! GECA !n !' 3/!a $! &n"!s#&,a%&4n s! (/&!n#a/3n !n !s!s!n#&$(. Pa/a !' /4?&)( a=( s! /!"!! 0(/)'a/ $&s#&s#as

%()(s&%&(n!s $! a(n( (/,3n&%( !n $!!n$!n%&a $! 'a %a'&$a$ $!s!'( s(/! !' ! s! a'&%a/3 ( $! 'a "a/&!$a$ $! )a* ! s!%'#&"!.

2..2 Pr&p&r(i&n"r (r%i'&$ ,l"n%&$ " l&$ pr&m&'&re$ &r!?ni(&$ p"r" +e 'r","en en $$ p"r(el"$# en ?re"$ +e l" GECA l&$ "("p"(i'"%&.

En ,!n!/a' !s#a )($a'&$a$ $! %/@$( n( s! a &)'!)!n#a$(. S&&!n '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s an /!%&&$( %/@$( '( an(#!n&$( %()( '(s $!)3s /($%#(/!s a6( s&)&'a/!s %(n$&%&(n!s +a/a /(4s(s s&)&'a/!s s&n /!sa'#a/ na '*n!a $!

0&nan%&a)&!n#( !s!%&a')!n#! $&s!=a$a a/a ! '(s /()(#(/!s(/,3n&%(s ,/a$a$(s !n 'a GECA /a%#&!n '( a/!n$&$( !n ss/(&as a/%!'as + s&)'#3n!a)!n#! 'as #&'&%!n %()( as! a/a/()("!/ !?!/&)!n#a/ + %aa%a/ !n a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a.

2..8 L" GECA pr&%(ir? in&rm"(i@n e$(ri'" p"r" "p&*"r el 'r","&%e l&$ pr&m&'&re$ &r!?ni(&$ e in$m&$ m"'eri"le$ 4V&lmene$ m"*&re$ %e $emill"$# ",&n&$ &r!?ni(&$# pl"n'"$# in$e('i(i%"$&r!?ni(&$ * &'r&$) p"r" n m"*&r impl$& %el pr&!r"m".

La GECA an n( a $!sa//(''a$( na '*n!a $! '&%a%&(n!s !n0n%&4n $! /()("!/ 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !/( s& a !s#a$(

aas#!%&!n$( a '(s /()(#(/!s + a '(s /($%#(/!s (/,3n&%(s %(n$&s#&n#(s &ns)(s. a $!s!)!=a$( n a!' !s!%&a')!n#! /!'!"an#!!n 'a /!a/a%&4n $! ,/an$!s "(')!n!s $!' a(n( (/,3n&%( $!/!a/a%&4n /3&$a an %an$( n( s&!)/! 0! (s&'! a%!/'(''!,a/ a #&!)( a/a a'&%a/'( !n !' )()!n#( )3s /(&%&(. P(/!s#a /a4n !n 'a a%#a'&$a$ #an#( 'a GECA %()( a',nas%((!/a#&"as #&!n!n !n ($!,as %an#&$a$!s ,/an$!s $! !s#! a(n(.

2..5 Re"li"r ("%" "ñ& n en(en'r& %e ("mpe$in& " ("mpe$in& p"r" m"$ii("r * ml'ipli("r l"$ e/perien(i"$ %e "!ri(l'r" &r!?ni("%e$"rr&ll"%"$ en l"$ %i$'in'"$ re!i&ne$ %e 'r","& %e FUNPROCOOP.

Es#! #&( $! !n%!n#/(s s! !s#3n /!a'&an$( !n 'as &ns#a'a%&(n!s$! 'a GECA !n Nueva Concepción Ca'a#!nan,( $/an#! '(s'#&)(s )!s!s $!' a=( /&n%&a')!n#! !n n("&!)/! %an$( 'asa%#&"&$a$!s a,/*%('as an $&s)&n*$(. En n("&!)/! $! 1998 s!/!a'&a/(n $(s !n%!n#/(s $! !s#! #&( %(n 'a a/#&%&a%&4n $!$(s ,/(s $! a/(?&)a$a)!n#! 8 %a)!s&n(s + a/a n("&!)/! $!'

:


27/75

/!s!n#! a=( s! #&!n!n /(,/a)a$(s %a#/( !n '(s %a'!s s! !s!/a! a/#&%&!n n(s 1: %a)!s&n(s !n #(#a'.

L(s !n%!n#/(s %(ns&s#!n !n n &n#!/%a)&( $! !?!/&!n%&as !n#/!'(s /()(#(/!s + a,/&%'#(/!s (/,3n&%(s + !n na ,&/a (/ 'a GECA

a/a !n#!/a/s! $! 'as &n"!s#&,a%&(n!s /!a'&a$as !n $&%( %!n#/(.N( s! /!a'&an )!)(/&as $! !s#(s !n%!n#/(s.

2..: L" p"r(el" in%i0i%"l %el pr&m&'&r &r!?ni(& $er? l" ,"$e p"r" pr&m&0er# in0e$'i!"r * ("p"(i'"r " ("mpe$in&$ in'ere$"%&$ en"pren%er l" "!ri(l'r" &r!?ni(" en ("%" (&&per"'i0".

Da$( ! FUNPROCOOP n( a (#(/,a$( %/@$(s !s!%*0&%a)!n#!(/&!n#a$(s a%&a !' %)'&)&!n#( $! !s#a )!#a s! ($/*a a0&/)a/! "&/#a')!n#! n( s! a &)'!)!n#a$( s&n !)a/,( 0! (s&'!(s!/"a/ ! )%(s $! 'as !/s(nas 0(/)a$as %()( /()(#(/!s +/()(#(/as (/,3n&%as s* a'&%an (/ s /(&a &n&%&a#&"a ( !n

%((/$&na%&4n %(n !' !$%a$(/ ( %(n !' as!s(/ #@%n&%( $!FUNPROCOOP )%(s $! '(s as!%#(s ! a/!n$&!/(n !n '(s %/s(s$! 'a GECA. A s "! !s#a a'&%a%&4n $! 'as #@%n&%as $! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n 'as a/%!'as $!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( a!/)&$( ! '(s /($%#(/!s %!/%an(s (/ "!%&n$a$ ( a/!n#!s%(&n&%&!n n /(%!s( !s(n#3n!( $! 0a)&'&a/&a%&4n %(n 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a (%as&(na')!n#! !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( %aa%aa !s#as !/s(nas.

En #@/)&n(s /!a'&s#as $!! %(ns&$!/a/s! ! !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%(n( !,/!sa $! 'a GECA /!a/a$( a/a &n"!s#&,a/ '( %a' /!&!/!$! na )!#($('(,*a ! '! !/)a %(n#/('a/ /&,/(sa)!n#! a' )!n(s

a',nas "a/&a'!s !/( s& a/a !?!/&)!n#a/ %(n 'a a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a a%%&4n ! s* /!a'&a (/ s /(&a &n&%&a#&"a +%/&(s&$a$. En !s#! n#( $!! %(ns&$!/a/s! ! 'a %(n0&ana +%/!$&&'&$a$ $! 'as $!)3s !/s(nas $! 'a %()n&$a$ !n !' /()(#(/(/,3n&%( !s n /(%!s( ! !$! /!!/&/ $!!n$&!n$( $! 'as%&/%ns#an%&as $! n( a $(s a=(s $a$( ! '(s /($%#(/!s $!!n(s!/"a/ + 6,a/ '( ! !' /(&( /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( /!a'&a !n sa/%!'a + n( !n na a/%!'a $!)(s#/a#&"a.La !n#/!"&s#a a /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s + 'a "&sa a "a/&as%((!/a#&"as !/)&4 !s#a'!%!/ ! )+ (%(s /()(#(/!s /!%&@n!,/!sa$(s $! 'a GECA #!n*an +a !' /!%(n(%&)&!n#( $! '(s $!)3s%((!/a#&"&s#as.

2.2 M!#as ,!n!/a'!s $!' /(,/a)a ("mpe$in&$ p&r "ñ 7 p&r (&mni%"% &(&&per"'i0".


28/75

Pa/a 1995 'a %an#&$a$ $! %a)!s&n(s %aa%a$(s !n a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a s(/!asa 'a )!#a $! 1 !/s(nas $a$( ! !' !s0!/(&ns#%&(na' /!a'&a$( a/a ! '(s /($%#(/!s #&'&a/an !'&ns)( 0!/#&'&an#! (/,3n&%( $! /!a/a%&4n /3&$a '(s a ''!"a$(a )'#&'&%a/ '(s !s0!/(s $! %aa%a%&4n !n 'a )a+(/*a $! 'as

81 %((!/a#&"as a#!n$&$as (/ FUNPROCOOP.An! #($a"*a n( s! a /!%&sa$( !' $a#( ,'(a' s! /!%(n(%! !a' )!n(s :: %a)!s&n(s a/#&%&a/(n !n 6(/na$as $! %aa%a%&4ns(/! 'a /!a/a%&4n ! &)'!)!n#a%&4n $!' a(n( (/,3n&%(.

2.2. Re"li"r %&$ pr&m&(i&ne$ %e Pr&m&'&re$ Or!?ni(&$ ("%" "ñen l&$ ni0ele$ prin(ipi"n'e$# me%i&$ * "0"n"%&$.

Es#a )!#a s! a %)'&$( $a$( ! $/an#! '(s )!s!s $! !n!/( a6n&( $! 1995 'a GECA /!a/4 a $(s ,/(s $! %((!/a#&"&s#as&n%'+!n$( a $(s )6!/!s %()( /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s. En #(#a'

/!%&&!/(n '(s (%( )4$'(s $! 'a GECA %a#/( )4$'(s a/a na/()(%&4n + %a#/( )4$'(s a/a 'a (#/a 9 !/s(nas $! !''as 2%()'!#a/(n '(s %a#/( )4$'(s /!!/&$(s a/a a'%ana/ 'a%a#!,(/*a $! /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( &n%'+!n$( a $(s )6!/!s !!?%!%&(na')!n#! '(,/a/(n &n%(/(/a/s!. A$!)3s $! !s#as 2!/s(nas (#/as 12 a'%ana/(n a %/&/ #/!s $! '(s %a#/( )4$'(s/!!/&$(s a/a 0(/)a/s! %()( /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s %()'!#(s (/'( %a' s! '!s %(ns&$!/a /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s a"ana$(s. As* 2:!/s(nas !' 85 $! #($(s '(s ! &%&!/(n %/s(s $! /()(#(/(/,3n&%( '(,/a/(n a'%ana/ na /!a/a%&4n ! '!s 0a%&'a +(s&&'a 'a /3%#&%a + /()(%&4n $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n%a$a %((!/a#&"a + %()n&$a$ s!,n $( (s!/"a/s! !n 'a "&sa a

"a/&as %((!/a#&"as.

En %a)&( !' 55 $! 'as !/s(nas s('a)!n#! '(,/a/(n %/&/ n( ($(s )4$'(s $! '(s %/s(s $! /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( (0/!%&$(s !n 'aGECA 1K !/s(nas s4'( &%&!/(n $(s )4$'(s + 5 s4'( s!/!s!n#a/(n a n )4$'( (/ '( ! s! '!s %(ns&$!/a/!s!%#&"a)!n#! /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s )!$&(s + /&n%&&an#!s.

La %&/%ns#an%&a ! 'a )a+(/*a !' 55 $! '(s %(n"(%a$(s (/GECA a!nas a/#&%&!n !n $(s )4$'(s %()( )3?&)( as* %()( 'a$!s!/%&4n /(,/!s&"a ! s! (s!/"a !n 'a as&s#!n%&a a '(s)4$'(s "@as! %a$/( s(/! as&s#!n%&a a '(s $(s %/s(s

/!a'&a$(s $!#a''a$a )4$'( (/ )4$'( + #4)!s! !n %!n#a %()($&s)&n+! 'a as&s#!n%&a !n '(s '#&)(s )4$'(s /!s'#a/(n )(#&"(s0&%&!n#! a/a &n%'&/ !n 'a !n%!s#a a' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( nas!/&! $! /!,n#as !n%a)&na$as a &n$a,a/ (/@ 'a )a+(/*a $! '(s%/s&s#as a!nas s! !$an %()( /()(#(/!s /&n%&&an#!s (/()(#(/!s a )!$&as.

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In&%&a')!n#! !/a 0!n#! $! /!(%a%&4n !' s!s#( ! 'as&ns#a'a%&(n!s $! $(/)(/&( !n 'a GECA !$!n $a/ %a&$a a 8!/s(nas s&n !)a/,( $!s@s $! %(n(%!/ 'as %(n$&%&(n!s $!' '(%a's! !s#&)a ! 2 ( 2 !s na as&s#!n%&a ! n( &)'&%aa%&na)&!n#( /a4n (/ 'a %a' !$! !s#&)a/s! ! n ,/( $! 2

!/s(nas (/ )4$'( !s a%!#a'! %()( %( /!,'a/.

Ca$/( N/( 2 Ca)!s&n(s %aa%a$(s !n #!%n&%as $! a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a.

DOS CURSOS PARA PROMOTOR ORGANICO 5669#DETALLANDO ASISTENCIA POR MODULO.

GRUPO CONSERVACNDE SUELOS

FERTILI7NORGANICA

MANEJO DEPLAGAS

CULTIVOSORGANICOS

A :

PERSONAS

1

PERSONAS

8

PERSONAS

1K

PERSONAS B 21

PERSONAS 21PERSONAS

1KPERSONAS

PERSONAS

TOTAL 5PERSONAS

5PERSONAS

8PERSONAS

2KPERSONAS

La !n%!s#a a '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s s! &n#!/!s4 (/ %(n(%!/ '(s)(#&"(s ! $&!/an )an&0!s#a/ 'as !/s(nas ! a/#&%&a/(n !n'(s %/s(s $! 'a GECA /!s!%#( a @ 0a%#(/!s &n%&$&!/(n !n 'a%')&na%&4n $! '(s %a#/( )4$'(s ( &!n !n 'a %(!/#/a a/%&a'$! '(s )&s)(s. An %an$( n( s! &n%'+4 $! )an!/a $&/!%#a !n 'a

!n%!s#a 'a "&sa a' %a)( + 'a (s!/"a%&4n %(//!s(n$&!n#!#a)&@n s%aa &s#as a/a #/a#a/ $! !s#a'!%!/ (/@ #an (%as)6!/!s a/#&%&an !n '(s %/s(s $! /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s. L(s/!s'#a$(s (#!n&$(s s(n '(s s&,&!n#!s

a L(s /()(#(/!s ! #!/)&na/(n '(s %a#/( )4$'(s as(%&a/(n s%)'&)&!n#( !/s(na' $! 'a )!#a '(s s&,&!n#!s 0a%#(/!s %a$(s!n /!'a%&4n a 'a 0/!%!n%&a %(n ! 0!/(n )!n%&(na$(s P/&)!/('a "('n#a$ + !' !s)!/( !/s(na' (/ %(n(%!/ '( /&n$a$( !n '(s%/s(s S!,n$( '(s "&3#&%(s ! '!s 0a%&' 'a %((!/a#&"aT!/%!/( !' a(+( $! 'a 0a)&'&a 'a %((!/a#&"a + 'a FUNPROCOOP!n '( ! s! /!0&!/! a a#!n$!/ n!%!s&$a$!s + #/aa6(s $/an#! !'

#&!)( na s!)ana (/ %a$a )4$'( ! as4 !n 'a %aa%a%&4nCa/#( 'a (0!/#a !?/!sa$a (/ FUNPROCOOP /!s!%#( a na !"!n#a'a+$a (s#!/&(/ a(+an$( %(n %/@$(s ! &ns)(s '(s %'#&"(s(/,3n&%(s Y &n#( (/! 'a !/s(na ! s! %aa% !n !s!)()!n#( !s#aa H$!saa/#a$aH ( s('#!/a.

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En#/! '(s /()(#(/!s ! n( #!/)&na/(n '(s %a#/( )4$'(s 'a)a$ $! '(s !n%!s#a$(s 0! %()n !' a/,)!n#( ! n( '!sa"&sa/(n $!' %/s( ( ! n( '!s a"&sa/(n %(n s0&%&!n#! #&!)(an %an$( 'a s!/&! $! %a#/( )4$'(s s!s#a)!n#! +a !s#3/(,/a)a$a %(n an#&%&a%&4n '( %a' ($/*a !"&$!n%&a/ na 0a'#a

$! %()!n!#/a%&4n !n !' /(%!s( $! 0(/)a%&4n ( n &n#!n#( $!!"a$&/ 'a /(&a /!s(nsa&'&$a$.

L(s /()(#(/!s a"ana$(s ! s* a$6!/(n /a(n!s a/a n( as&s#&/ a'(s %/s(s )!n%&(na/(n %()( (s#3%'(s '(s %()/()&s(s $!$&/!%%&4n +a ! s&)'#3n!a)!n#! s(n $&/!%#&"(s $! 'as%((!/a#&"as + +a)&@n )!n%&(na/(n '(s a#/as(s !n '(s #/aa6(s $!%'#&"(s.

% R!s!%#( a 'a &nas&s#!n%&a ( &n#!//%&4n $! (#/as !/s(nas a'(s %/s(s $! /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( !n 'a GECA '(s /()(#(/!s!n%!s#a$(s !?'&%a/(n ! !sas 0a''as s! $!*an /&n%&a')!n#! a'a 0a'#a $! a(+( $! 'a %((!/a#&"a %(n%/!#a)!n#! 'a 0a'#a $!a(+( %(n "&3#&%(s + 0a'#a $! a(+( !n !' #/aa6( a,/*%('a $! 'a!/s(na ! a/#&%&a !n !' %/s( (#/a %asa $! &nas&s#!n%&a !&n#!//%&4n $! '(s %/s(s s! 'an#!4 %()( 'a 0a'#a $! %(n"&%%&4n! &n#!/@s $! '(s a/#&%&an#!s !n '(s #!)as + !n 'as #@%n&%as !s! /((n! ! a/!n$a !n 'a 0(/)a%&4n !n $(s %as(s s! )!n%&(n4! a',n %/s&s#a s! 0! (/@ +a a*a /!%&&$( !s! )4$'( !na/#&%'a/ + 0&na')!n#! a+ ! )!n%&(na/ a',n(s %as(s $!!/s(nas ! $!s%(n#&na/(n 'a as&s#!n%&a a 'a s!/&! $! )4$'(s(/! $!s%/&!/(n ! n( '!s ,s#aa 'a #a/!a $! %aa%a/ a(#/as !/s(nas ( (/ ! s! !n0!/)a/(n $! $!n,!.

$ R!s!%#( a 'as %asas ( )(#&"(s (/ '(s %a'!s '(s /()(#(/!s!n%!s#a$(s %(ns&$!/a/(n ! n( as&s#! n n)!/( )a+(/ $! !/s(nasa 'a GECA s! !$!n )!n%&(na/ 'as s&,&!n#!s En /&)!/ ',a/ 'a0a'#a $! &n#!/@s + "('n#a$ a/a a/!n$!/ 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%asa%&4n ! a',n(s $! '(s !n#/!"&s#a$(s a0&/)a/(n ! /!s'#aa$! n #/aa6( $! /()(%&4n )a' /!a'&a$(.En s!,n$( ',a/ s! )!n%&(n4 'a '&)an#! $! '(s %()/()&s(s0a)&'&a/!s + $! #/aa6( a/a s(s#!n!/ a 'a 0a)&'&a. En #!/%!/',a/ s! )!n%&(n4 !' ana'0a!#&s)( ,!n!/a'&a$( !n#/! 'a ('a%&4n%a)!s&na '( %a' '&)a a )%as !/s(nas. D!s@s s!)!n%&(na/(n (#/as )(#&"a%&(n!s )!n(s 0/!%!n#!s %()( !' !%( !'(s a$/!s n( a#(/&an a a',n(s &6(s a/a ! as&s#an ( &!n(/ !?%!s( $! #&)&$! a/a !"!n#a')!n#! %aa%a/ s(/! #($(!n '(s )3s 64"!n!s ! n( s! &)a,&nan #an 03%&')!n#! %aa%an$(a$'#(s )a+(/!s ! !''(s.

! R!s!%#( a 'a !s%asa as&s#!n%&a $! )6!/!s $!! s!=a'a/s! !!n 'as "&sas a 'as %((!/a#&"as 'a a/#&%&a%&4n $! 'as )6!/!s!n 'as &ns#an%&as $! $&/!%%&4n !s n'a ( )&n(/a/&a 'a )a+(/*a!s#3n !)!=a$as !n !' #/aa6( $()@s#&%( an! s! $( (s!/"a/

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31/75

a',nas !?%!%&(n!s $! )6!/!s ! a/#&%&aan !n %aa%a%&(n!s)3s %(/#as ( !n '(s (/,an&s)(s $! $&/!%%&4n $! 'as %((!/a#&"as.Es#a %&/%ns#an%&a a/! na !!=a /!%a ! ($/*a a/("!%a/s!)3s %(n%&!n$a)!n#! a/a a'%ana/ na )a+(/ a/#&%&a%&4n a%#&"a$! )6!/!s !n !' /(,/a)a


32/75

!/&4$&%as a/a /!a'&a/ 'as #a/!as ! %()!#!n a n CECAP !s$!%&/ /!n&(n!s !n 'as ! s! %((/$&na 'a /()(%&4n $! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !n 'a (na + !n 'a /!,&4n + !n 'as %a'!sa$!)3s s! !s#$&a 'a (s&&'&$a$ $! &ns#a'a/ %(n &n0/a!s#/%#/a+ #!//!n(s a'!$a=(s n CECAP !n 'a C((!/a#&"a L(s M&'a,/(s $!'

)n&%&&( $! Coatepeque.

2.2.8 Cre"r el ,&le'2n in&rm"'i0& p&pl"r +e %in%" '(ni("$$en(ill"$ %e "!ri(l'r" &r!?ni(".

An n( s! %)'! %(n !s#a )!#a ! (/ $!0&n&%&4n %(//!s(n$! a'!/s(na' $! 'a GECA.

2.2.5 De$"rr&ll"r n en(en'r& "n"l %e ("mpe$in&$# p"r" +e%i$('"n * (&mp"r'"n e/perien(i"$ en '&rn& " l"$ pr?('i("$ %e l""!ri(l'r" &r!?ni(".

R!s!%#( a !s#a )!#a ,!n!/a' !$! %(ns'#a/s! '( !?/!sa$( !n2..5 $! !s#! )&s)( %a*#'(. La )!#a s! !s#3 %)'&!n$(.

2.2.: De$"rr&ll"r %&$ ("mp"ñ"$ "n"le$ %e re&re$'"(i@n (&ne$pe(ie$ n"'i0"$ * (&n$er0"(i@n %e $el&$ en ("%" (&&per"'i0""'en%i%" p&r FUNPROCOOP.

N( s! an /!a'&a$( %a)a=as $! !s#! #&(. L( )3s %!/%an( a'%)'&)&!n#( $! !s#a )!#a !s 'a /!a'&a%&4n $! %a/'as/()(%&(na'!s s(/! 'a %(ns!/"a%&4n $! s!'(s. P(/ (#/a a/#! 'aGECA a /("&s#( a a',n(s /($%#(/!s + a' CECAP Las A)@/&%as %(na',n(s a/('(s !/( n( !$! a'a/s! $! %a)a=as $!

/!0(/!s#a%&4n /!a'&a$as.

2.2. Me&r"r * "mpli"r l"$ in$'"l"(i&ne$ %e l" GECA.

En 1998 s! %(ns#/+4 na ($!,a !n 'a GECA ! a%#a')!n#! s&/"!a/a ,a/$a/ a(n( (/,3n&%( $! /!a/a%&4n /3&$a ( )a#!/&a'!s !s! #&'&an !n 'a /!a/a%&4n $!' )&s)(.

Ta)&@n !n 1998 s! )!6(/a/(n + /!a/a/(n 'as &ns#a'a%&(n!s!'@%#/&%as !' s!/"&%&( $! a,a (#a'! + !' $! a,as n!,/as !n 'aGECA a$!)3s ! s! )!6(/a/(n &s#a'a%&(n!s !%a/&as %()( !',a''&n!/( a/a !s!%&!s %/&(''as + s! %(ns#/+4 na manga a/a !'

)an!6( $! ,ana$( ("&n( na )an,a %(ns&s#! !n na %!/%a a/a'!'a!s#/!%a + a'#a #&'&a$a a/a ('&,a/ a' ,ana$( a ! 0(/)! na0&'a a/a as* !?a)&na/ a %a$a /!s + $a/'! #/a#a)&!n#( %(n"a%nas (/ !6!)'(.

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2.8 M!#($('(,*as #&'&a$as a/a &)'!)!n#a/ !' /(,/a)a !n ss$&0!/!n#!s %()(n!n#!s.

2.8.1 C"p"(i'"(i@n.

Pa/a 'a 0(/)a%&4n $! '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s '( %a' !s"&/#a')!n#! !' %()(n!n#! !s#/a#@,&%( %!n#/a' $!' /(,/a)a s!#&'&a 'a )!#($('(,*a $! !ns!=ana-a/!n$&a6! $!n()&na$aaprender-haciendo. Es#a )!#($('(,*a %(ns&s#! !n 'a !?'&%a%&4n $! '(s /(%!$&)&!n#(s$! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a )&!n#/as s! !6!%#an $!s@s $! na)*n&)a !?'&%a%&4n /!"&a !s#( s(n! ! '(s %/s(s s! /!a'&an%(n n $! #/aa6( !n !' a'a + n K $! #/aa6( !n !' %a)(.La /!a'&a%&4n $! a0&%!s !?'&%a#&"(s (/ a/#! $! '(s /()(#(/!s(/,3n&%(s !n#/!"&s#a$(s !/)! a0&/)a/ ! 'a )!#($('(,*a#&'&a$a !n 'a 0(/)a%&4n !s )+ a$!%a$a + sa#&s0a%! a '(s !

/!%&!n '(s %/s(s &@n!s n( !n%!n#/an )a+(/!s $&0&%'#a$!s !n!' a/!n$&a6! $! '(s %(n#!n&$(s.

En '( ! s! /!0&!/! a '(s #&!)(s $! $/a%&4n $! '(s )4$'(s s!a ''!,a$( $!s@s $! n /(%!s( ! s(n! a=(s $! !?!/&!n%&a!n 'a %aa%a%&4n a/a /($%#(/!s %a)!s&n(s a' 'as( $! nas!)ana a/a %a$a )4$'( !6!%#an$( n )4$'( $/an#! %a$a )!s a'( 'a/,( $! %a#/( )!s!s.

S! ''!,4 a !s#! $&s!=( $! %/s( $!s@s $! n /(%!s( %(n#&n( $!!"a'a%&4n /!s!%#( a 'as (s&&'&$a$!s $! a/#&%&a%&4n $! 'a('a%&4n a#!n$&$a (/ FUNPROCOOP &n&%&a')!n#! !/a n &n#!/na$(

$! n )!s. En n!s#/a !"a'a%&4n !n%(n#/a)(s ! a !sa/ ! nas!)ana $! $/a%&4n a/a %a$a )4$'( an s(n! %&!/#as #!ns&(n!s!s /!0!/&'! )an#!n!/ !s! 'as( + 'a $&s#/&%&4n $! '(s )4$'(sa '( 'a/,( $! %a#/( )!s!s.

En %an#( a '(s %(n#!n&$(s $! 'a %aa%a%&4n !n 'a a%#a'&$a$ s!s&/"!n %a#/( )4$'(s a/a '(s %/s(s 3s&%(s $! /()(#(/ (/,3n&%(C(ns!/"a%&4n $! s!'(s F!/#&'&a%&4n (/,3n&%a Man!6( &n#!,/a$($! 'a,as + Man!6( $! %'#&"(s (/,3n&%(s + na "a/&!$a$ $! (%()4$'(s !s!%&a'&a$(s Gana$( ("&n( !s!%&!s )!n(/!s 'an#as)!$&%&na'!s 0/#&%'#/a a&%'#/a !s!%&!s 0(/!s#a'!s(/#&%'#/a + (#/(s a$!)3s 'a (s&&'&$a$ $! &n%'&/

%(n(%&)&!n#(s a$&%&(na'!s !s#3 a&!/#a s! %(ns&$!/a ! !s#3n !n%(//!s(n$!n%&a %(n 'a a%#a' !#aa $! #/ans&%&4n !n#/! 'aa,/&%'#/a %(n"!n%&(na' + 'a a,/&%'#/a s(s#!n&'!.

En %an#( a '(s %/s(s !s!%&a'&a$(s 'a &)/!s&4n $!' !&(!"a'a$(/ !s ! n( s! #&!n! 'a %aa%&$a$ $! /!a'&a/ (%( %/s(s!s!%&a'&a$(s (/ a=(. Las )!#($('(,*as #&'&a$as s(n s&)&'a/!sa 'a $! %/s(s 3s&%(s $! /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( aprender-haciendo.

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N( s! !n%(n#/4 na &$!a %'a/a $! ,&/a !$%a#&"a %()( &ns#/)!n#($! %aa%a%&4n !n !' s!n#&$( $! &@n $!*a s!/ !' /!s(nsa'! $!$!sa//(''a/'as s& 'a GECA '(s CECAP ( '(s $!a/#a)!n#(s $!FUNPROCOOP. D! !%( 'as ,&/as /!a'&a$as $/an#! 1995 0!/(n

(/,an&a$as + !6!%#a$as 3s&%a)!n#! (/ !' !/s(na' $!FUNPROCOOP %(n !' /(4s( $! $a/ a %(n(%!/ 'a 0(/)a $!/!a/a%&4n + a'&%a%&4n $!' a(n( (/,3n&%( $! /!a/a%&4n /3&$a.

2.8. In0e$'i!"(i@ne/perimen'"(i@n.

N( 0! (s&'! /!%&sa/ 'a )!#($('(,*a $! &n"!s#&,a%&4n&)'!)!n#a$a !n#/! 1998 + 6'&( $! 1995 s&n !)a/,( s* 0!(s&'! %(ns#a#a/ ! $/an#! !s#! !/*($( s! /!a'&4 na%(ns#an#! !?!/&)!n#a%&4n %(n 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a 'a %a'%')&na !n#/! (#/(s /!s'#a$(s &n#!/!san#!s %(n 'a /!a/a%&4n$!' Ha(n( (/,3n&%( /3&$(H ! (s&&' a' /(,/a)a


35/75

/(%!$&)&!n#( a/a /!%()!n$a/ s! /((n! a '(s CECAP ( &!n a'(s /()(#(/!s + /($%#(/!s $&/!%#(s 'a a'&%a%&4n $! #a'/(%!$&)&!n#( a/a "a'&$a/'( + $!/a/'(. D!s@s $! #($( !s#!/(%!s( %a$a /($%#(/ !$! $!%&$&/ (/ s %!n#a s a'&%a%&4n(s#!/&(/.

2.8.2 Pr&m&(i@n.

S! %(ns&$!/a %()( a%#&"&$a$!s $! /()(%&4n a',nas ,&/as!$%a#&"as /!a'&a$as 'a a/#&%&a%&4n !n 'a 0!/&a $! S%(#(%(n n stand $!)(s#/a#&"( $! 'as #@%n&%as &ns)(s + "!n#a6as $!'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a. A$!)3s s! an )an$a$( a !s#a)a/%a)&s!#as ,(//as + a0&%!s a's&"(s a' /(,/a)a >.

En !s#! as!%#( !' /&n%&a' a"an%! a %(ns&s#&$( !n !' /!-!n0(!

$! 'a &n#!,/a%&4n $!' /(,/a)a


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P/!%&sa)!n#! na $! 'as $!&'&$a$!s 3s&%as !n%(n#/a$as (/ !'!&( !"a'a$(/ !n 'a &)'!)!n#a%&4n $!' /(,/a)a


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Ter(er& 'a GECA $!! /("!!/ %(n &ns)(s (/,3n&%(s + )a#!/&a'"!,!#a#&"( $! $&s#&n#( #&( a '(s /($%#(/!s (/,3n&%(s + a'(s CECAP

C"r'& 'a GECA $!! '&%a/ !/&4$&%a)!n#! n ('!#*n a/a)an#!n!/s! !n %()n&%a%&4n %(n '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s.

La an#!/&(/ !s 'a !s#/a#!,&a $! &n#!/"!n%&4n %(n%!&$a 'a %a's&n !)a/,( !n 'a /3%#&%a n( s! &)'!)!n#a )3s ! a/%&a')!n#!a$!)3s s(/! #($( FUNPROCOOP as)! #a/!as ! !n 'a %(n%!%&4n'an#!a$a !n !' $(%)!n#( as! s(n #a/!as /(&as $! '(s/()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s + $&/!%#&"(s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as (/,an&a$(s%()( CECAP.

La !"a'a%&4n $! &)a%#( s! /!a'&4 s(/! 'a as! $! 'a&n0(/)a%&4n /($%&$a (/ !' #/aa6( $! %a)( /!a'&a$( !n#/! !'

11 + !' $! s!#&!)/! ! &n%'+4 #/aa6( $! %a)( a (%(%((!/a#&"as %&!/#as (/ FUNPROCOOP + a#!n$&$as a6( !' /(,/a)a


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E' $&s!=( + 'a a'&%a%&4n $! '(s &ns#/)!n#(s s! (/&!n#4 a 'a/($%%&4n $! &n0(/)a%&4n a/a '(s s&,&!n#!s as!%#(sCa/a%#!/&a/ 'as %(n$&%&(n!s s(%&(!%(n4)&%as !n 'as %a'!s !'/()(#(/ (/,3n&%( /!a'&a ss /3%#&%as Es#&)a/ '(s n&"!'!s $!a%!#a%&4n $! 'as /3%#&%as $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a Es#&)a/ !'

n&"!' $! #&'&$a$ !/%&&$( !n 'as /3%#&%as $! 'a a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a E"a'a/ 'a n!%!s&$a$ $! 'as a%%&(n!s $!sa//(''a$as a/a!' %)'&)&!n#( $! '(s (6!#&"(s $!' /(,/a)a E"a'a/ 'aa$!%a%&4n $! 'as a%%&(n!s /(,/a)a$as /!s!%#( a 'a sa%&4n !s! /!#!n$! &)a%#a/ + E"a'a/ 'a %a'&$a$ $! '(s /!s'#a$(s(#!n&$(s.

8.1 CARACTERI7ACION DE LAS CONDICIONES SOCIOECONOMICAS EN LASCUALES EL PROMOTOR ORGANICO REALI7A SU PRACTICA.

La !n%!s#a a '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s a%#&"(s !n !' /(,/a)a


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En ,!n!/a' '(s %a)&n(s $! a%%!s( a 'as %((!/a#&"as s(ns!%n$a/&(s + !n )a' !s#a$(. La /!,&4n ! /!/!s!n#a )a+(/!s$&0&%'#a$!s !n !s#! as!%#( !s Ca'a#!nan,( $!a/#a)!n#( !n !'%a' !s#3 '(%a'&a$a 'a GECA %a#/( &'4)!#/(s a' (%%&$!n#! $!Nueva Concepción. S&n !)a/,( 'as %((!/a#&"as a#!n$&$as (/

FUNPROCOOP !n Ca'a#!nan,( s! !n%!n#/an )3s a' n(/#! ( a' (/&!n#!$! 'a GECA (/ !6!)'( 'a %((!/a#&"a E' Ca//&a' !n 'a /!,&4n0/(n#!/&a %(n (n$/as ( &!n (#/( ,/( $! %((!/a#&"as ! s!!n%!n#/an a'/!$!$(/ $! 'a %a!%!/a $!' $!a/#a)!n#(. L( sa' !s! 'a ''!,a$a a 'as %((!/a#&"as )3s '!6anas /!&!/! )%(#&!)( + !s0!/( (/ 'as $&s#an%&as 'a $!#!/&(/a$a %(n$&%&4n $!'(s %a)&n(s + 'a as!n%&a $! n s!/"&%&( $! #/ans(/#! )3s%(ns#an#! !n a',nas /!,&(n!s '(s s!s !n#/an + sa'!n $! 'a/!,&4n s4'( na "! a' $*a.

La &%a%&4n $! 'as %((!/a#&"as !n O%%&$!n#! San#a Ana LaL&!/#a$ S(ns(na#! !s as#an#! $&s!/sa. A',nas !s#3n sa$as

!n ',a/!s /!'a#&"a)!n#! /!)(#(s + %(n )a'(s %a)&n(s !n #an#( !(#/as !s#3n )3s a%%!s&'!s %()( 'a %((!/a#&"a $! San D&!,(%!/%a $! 'a %(n(%&$a 'a+a $!' )&s)( n()/!.

En !' %as( $! Cs%a#'3n 'as %((!/a#&"as s! !n%!n#/an )3s%!/%anas '( ! 0a%&'a 'a a#!n%&4n &ns#%&(na' a 'as )&s)as +'a %()n&%a%&4n !n#/! !''as. San V&%!n#! #a)&@n %()a/#! !s#as%a/a%#!/*s#&%as %(n 'a !?%!%&4n $! na %((!/a#&"a !n La PaO&%( %(n n %a)&n( $! a%%!s( 'a/,( )s + !n )a' !s#a$(.

% En ,!n!/a' 'a a#!n%&4n /!a'&a$a (/ '(s )&!)/(s $!'!/s(na' $! FUNPROCOOP a %a$a %((!/a#&"a s(n! 'as(s $! a 8

(/as a/a ''!,a/ a' ',a/ an !n !' %as( ! "&"an !n 'a /!,&4n.La )&s)a $&0&%'#a$ !n%!n#/an '(s s(%&(s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as%an$( $!s!an %()n&%a/s! !n#/! s*.

$ L(s n&"!'!s $! !$%a%&4n 0(/)a' $! 'a ('a%&4n ! a/#&%&a!n !' /(,/a)a


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)!$&%a)!n#(s $()@s#&%(s. En 'a %((!/a#&"a Las B!/)$as ! $a#!//!n( a' CECAP $! Cs%a#'3n !?&s#! n /(,/a)a $! a#!n%&4n !nsa'$ ! &n%'+! 'a "&sa 0/!%!n#! $! a',n(s )@$&%(s +/()(#(/!s $! sa'$ s&n !)a/,( !s#a %&/%ns#an%&a !s!?%!%&(na'.

0 La )a+(/*a $! 'a ('a%&4n a#!n$&$a (/ FUNPROCOOP a (#a$((/ as(%&a/s! !n %((!/a#&"as a',n(s ,/(s an s! !n%!n#/an !n/(%!s( $! '!,a'&a%&4n !/( !n ,!n!/a' #($as s! &ns%/&!n !n !'D!a/#a)!n#( $! As(%&a%&(n!s A,/(!%a/&as $!' MAG M&n&s#!/&( $!A,/&%'#/a + Gana$!/*a + #/aa6an (/ (#!n!/ s !/s(n!/*a6/*$&%a.

C(n"!n%&(na')!n#! 'as %((!/a#&"as s! (/,an&an %/!an$( 'ass&,&!n#!s &ns#an%&as Asa)'!a G!n!/a' $! As(%&a$(s C(ns!6( $!A$)&n&s#/a%&4n Jn#a $! V&,&'an%&a C()@ $! E$%a%&4n C()@ $!A(+( + a/a /!a'&a/ !' #/aa6( /($%#&"( 0(/)an G/(s $!P/($%%&4n (/ P/(+!%#(s.

! La #!n!n%&a $! 'a #&!//a !s !#!/(,@n!a !n#/! 'as %((!/a#&"asa#!n$&$as (/ 'a FUNPROCOOP an! !s (s&'! %(ns&$!/a/ !/!$()&nan 'as s&,&!n#!s )($a'&$a$!s

1 'as %((!/a#&"as 0(/)a$as (/ !!=(s /(&!#a/&(s $! a/%!'as+ (/ a,/&%'#(/!s ! a//&!n$an !!=as a/%!'as $!$&%a$as!s!%&a')!n#! a' %'#&"( $! ,/an(s 3s&%(s ! s! as(%&ana/a a%%!$!/ a s!/"&%&(s $! %/@$( + as&s#!n%&a a 'a/($%%&4n. Es#a )($a'&$a$ !s %a/a%#!/*s#&%a $! 'a /!,&4n(%%&$!n#a' an! n( !?%'s&"a $! !''a.

'as %((!/a#&"as 0(/)a$as (/ !n!0&%&a/&(s $!' P/(,/a)a $!T/ans0!/!n%&a $! T&!//as -PTT- ! $!&$( a' '!n#( a"an%!$!' /(%!s( $! %()/a"!n#a $! 'as /(&!$a$!s #&!n!n as#a!' )()!n#( na sa%&4n s&)&'a/ !n %an#( a 'a!s%//a%&4n $! 'a #&!//a #/ans0!/&$a. D!&$( a !s#a%&/%ns#an%&a n( !$! an#&%&a/s! %()( s!/3 'a $!0&n&"a +/!$()&nan#! 0(/)a $! #!n!n%&a $! 'a #&!//a !n#/! #($(s '(s!n!0&%&a/&(s an %an$( a/!%! ! 'as %((!/a#&"as !s#3n%(ns('&$3n$(s! %a$a "! )3s.

2 'as %((!/a#&"as &n#!,/a$as !n 'as /!('a%&(n!s ! %()a/#!n%(n !' PTT 'a ('&,a%&4n $! %an%!'a/ !' /!%&( $! 'a #&!//a#/ans0!/&$a.

0 'a %a'&$a$ $! '(s s!'(s #a)&@n !s !#!/(,@n!a s&n !)a/,( !n'as )a+(/*a $! 'as %((!/a#&"as /!$()&na 'as %a#!,(/*as + : !n(nas /(%(sas + 'a$!/as %(n /('!)as $! !/(s&4n an %an$( 'a%a#!,(/*a 8 '! s&,! !n /!s!n%&a a 'as an#!/&(/!s. A %(ns!%!n%&a

8


41/75

$! 'a )a'a %a'&$a$ $! '(s s!'(s %()( '(s : + !' $!sa0*( $!a'%ana/ na /($%%&4n /!n#a'! + s(s#!n&'! !s )a+(/.

A' !?a)&na/ $! )an!/a ,!n!/a' 'as %(n$&%&(n!s s(%&(!%(n4)&%as !n'as %a'!s !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( /!a'&a s /3%#&%a s! %(n%'+!

! /!$()&nan 'as a$"!/s&$a$!s s(/! '(s /!%/s(s a 'a$&s(s&%&4n !' )3s !0!%#&"( $! '(s %a'!s a/!%! s!/ 'a )&s)a(/,an&a%&4n %((!/a#&"a. S! !$! a=a$&/ %()( (#/a "!n#a6a/!'a#&"a 'a %&/%ns#an%&a ! !n 'a )a+(/*a $! %((!/a#&"as #&!n!n)a+(/ /!s!n%&a '(s a,/&%'#(/!s ! s(n /(&!#a/&(s $! 'as#&!//as ! %'#&"an ( !s#3n !n /(%!s( $! s!/'(.

R!%&!n#!)!n#! !' !/s(na' $! FUNPROCOOP %()!n4 a /!a/a/s! !n 'a)!#($('(,*a $!' $&a,n4s#&%( //a' /3&$( '( ! !/)&/3!s#a'!%!/ )!6(/ 'as (s&&'&$a$!s $! %a$a na $! 'as %((!/a#&"as! a#&!n$!n a/a a(+a/ + (/&!n#a/ !s!%*0&%a)!n#! !' #/aa6($!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%(.

8. NIVELES DE ACEPTACION DE LAS PRACTICAS DE LA AGRICULTURAORGANICA.

En %an#( a' n&"!' $! a%!#a%&4n $! 'as /3%#&%as $! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a 'a !n%!s#a #/aa64 #/!s $&)!ns&(n!s $! !s#a)($a'&$a$ $! &)a%#( $!' /(,/a)a


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P(/ !' /!#&/( $! 'a 0a)&'&a + #/aa6(

N( /!s(n$&4

S4'( 'a /&)!/a %aa%a%&4n /!s&n#&4 1

N( !n#!n$*a '( ! !ns!=aan 1

S&n !)a/,( !s! a !s#as $&0&%'#a$!s )%(s !n#/!"&s#a$(s'(,/a/(n !?/!sa/ %(n /!%&s&4n '(s as!%#(s ! )3s '! a,/a$a/(n$! 'a !?!/&!n%&a !n 'a GECA + "a'(/a/ 'a a'&%a&'&$a$ $! '(s%(n(%&)&!n#(s $!sa//(''a$(s $&s#&n,&!n$( a!''(s as!%#(s !s(n!n )3s 0a%&'&$a$ a/a s!/ &)'!)!n#a$(s $! '(s ! !s#3n0!/a $! ss (s&&'&$a$!s !s!%&a')!n#! (/ ! n( '(,/ana%%!$!/ a '(s /!%/s(s &n$&s!nsa'!s a/a a'&%a/ ss%(n(%&)&!n#(s. O#/( &ns#/)!n#( ! %(n0&/)a !s#a &n#!//!#a%&4n$! '(s /!s'#a$(s !s 'a #@%n&%a $!' a0&%! ! %(ns&s#! !n !'(s /($%#(/!s + /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s !?/!s!n s !?!/&!n%&a $!

)an!/a ,/30&%a $&6an$( '( ! &%&!/(n.En !' %(n6n#( $! $&6(s s! %(ns#a#a 'a a/(&a%&4n !&)'!)!n#a%&4n $! %(n(%&)&!n#(s (/ 'as !/s(nas a/#&%&an#!s !n!' /(,/a)a.

.

Ca$/( N/( 5 DIFICULTADES PARA LLEVAR LO APRENDIDO A LA PRACTICA#SEGUN PROMOTORES ENCUESTADOS

RESPUESTAS EHPRESADAS 4" pre! >) FRECUENCIA

Fa'#a $! &ns)(s + !&(s K

Fa'#a a(+( $! 'a %((!/a#&"&s#as 8

Fa'#a $! #&!)( (/ #/aa6(s +( !s#$&(s

N( #!n!/ #&!//as /(&as

R!&!/! )3s #/aa6( + s! %(//! )3s /&!s,(

En !s#! s!n#&$( !$! a0&/)a/s! ! '(s /(&(s /()(#(/!s(/,3n&%(s !n#/!"&s#a$(s an $!sa//(''a$( na &$!n#&$a$ ! &)'&%ana $!%&$&$a (%&4n (/ 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a (%&4n !&$!n#&$a$ ! s! #/a$%!n !n na /3%#&%a a%#&"a $! '(s

%(n(%&)&!n#(s a/!n$&$(s %an$( '(s /!%/s(s !s#3n a s &n)!$&a#a$&s(s&%&4n.

L( ! )3s a0&/)an &)'!)!n#a/ 0!/#&'&a%&4n (/,3n&%a +/3%#&%as s!n%&''as $! %(ns!/"a%&4n $! s!'(s %()( !' %a//&'!( !n#&!//as &n%'&na$as + a',nas a//!/as "&"as !s#3 !n /!'a%&4n$&/!%#a a '(s /!%/s(s a s a'%an%!.

8


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Ca$/( N/( : CONOCIMIENTOS APRENDIDOS EN GECA MAS UTILI3ADOS POR LOSPROMOTORES ORGANICOS ENTREVISTADOS.

RESPUESTAS EHPRESADAS 4" Pre!. =7) FRECUENCIA

0!/#&'&a%&4n (/,3n&%a 11 /3%#&%as $! %(ns!/"a%&4n $! s!'(s 5

%(n#/(' $! 'a,as 2

)an!6( $! ,ana$( 2

(/#&%'#/a 1

)an!6( $! a"!s 1

a%!/ %(n%&!n%&a a '(s a,/&%'#(/!s 1

n( s! a !s#( na$a !n /3%#&%a 1

P!$! a0&/)a/s! ! !' n&"!' $! a%!#a%&4n $! 'as /3%#&%as $! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a (/ !' /(&( /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( a%#&"( !ssa#&s0a%#(/&( /!s!%#( a '(s /(4s(s $!' /(,/a)a $a$( !(0/!%! $(s %a/a%#!/*s#&%as )+ "a'&(sas a 6&%&( $!' !&(!"a'a$(/ na (%&4n (/ 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a ! !s#3 )3sa''3 $! n /a,)3#&%( %3'%'( $! %(s#(s + na &n&%&a#&"a ! n(s! a $!s'!,a$( %(n )a+(/ a)'$ n&%a)!n#! (/ 0a'#a $! a(+(!n 'a /("&s&4n $! &ns)(s + !&(s Pa/a !s#a %(n%'s&4n !'!&( !"a'a$(/ #()4 !n %(ns&$!/a%&4n '(s /!s'#a$(s $! (#/as/!,n#as %()( 'a 1 + 'a 2K.

En 'a s!,n$a $&)!ns&4n %(ns&$!/a)(s 'a a%!#a%&4n ! #&!n!n'(s a,/&%'#(/!s $! 'a %((!/a#&"a /!s!%#( a' /(&( /()(#(/(/,3n&%( !s#&)an$( @s#a $&)!ns&4n $!s$! 'as a/!%&a%&(n!s!?'*%a ! &)'*%a)!n#! !?/!sa$as (/ !' !n%!s#a$(. Es#a$&)!ns&4n s! !"&$!n%&4 s(/! 'a as! $! 'as /!s!s#as a 'a/!,n#a 2 + .

En !s#a $&)!ns&4n !' n&"!' $! a%!#a%&4n $!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( !#&!n!n '(s $!)3s as(%&a$(s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as + ('a$(/!s"!%&n(s NO !s sa#&s0a%#(/&( a/a '(s /(4s(s s%a$(s (/ !'/(,/a)a.Las a%#$!s a%&a 'as /3%#&%as $!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( s!

)an&0&!s#an !n n !s!%#/( a$"!/s( $! (&n&(n!s ! "an $!s$! 'a$!s%a'&0&%a%&4n $! ss %(n(%&)&!n#(s + %(n"&%%&(n!s #&'$3n$('(s$! H'(%(sH asan$( (/ 'a &n$&0!/!n%&a + !' $!s&n#!/@s as#a !'/!%a( a ! !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( /!%&a %()!nsa%&(n!s!s!%&a'!s (/ s #/aa6(.

82


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En#/! 'as $&0&%'#a$!s a/a %aa%a/ a (#/as !/s(nas s!=a'a$as(/ '(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s a%#&"(s 'a )3s 0a"(/a'! !s 'a 0a'#a$! #&!)( $! !''(s )&s)(s +( $! '(s a,/&%'#(/!s !(#!n%&a')!n#! $!!/*an %aa%a/.

Ca$/( N/( DIFICULTADAS ENFRENTADAS POR EL PROMOTOR ORGANICO PARACAPACITAR A OTRAS PERSONAS.

RESPUESTAS EHPRESADAS 4" Pre! =) FRECUENCIA

!' #/aa6( $!6a (%( #&!)( :

0a'#a $! &n#!/@s + %/!$&&'&$a$ $! '(sa,/&%'#(/!s

:

n( !s#3 s0&%&!n#!)!n#! %aa%a$(

n( %!n#a %(n )a#!/&a'!s n!%!sa/&(s 1

'a ,!n#! !/$&4 'a %(n0&ana !n !' /()(#(/(/! /!%&*a !s#&!n$&(.

1

$&%!n ! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a !s '(%/a 1

$&%!n ! 'as %aa%a%&(n!s s(n ('*#&%as 1

S&n !)a/,( a !sa/ ! !' n&"!' $! a%!#a%&4n $! '(s as(%&a$(s +"!%&n(s /!s!%#( a' /($%#(/ (/,3n&%( NO !s sa#&s0a%#(/&( a/a'(s /(4s(s $!' /(,/a)a !s &n$&s!nsa'! a=a$&/ ! s(/! 'aas! $!' !s0!/( $! /()(%&4n $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a/!a'&a$( a/a 'a %(s!%a $! 1995 'as !/s(nas a &@n!s s!

$&/&,! !' /(,/a)a


45/75

!s#3n &n#!/!sa$(s 9

!s#3n !n#s&as)a$(s + &!/!n sa!/ )3s 5

n( &!/!n "('"!/ a /(a/

Pa/a !s#&)a/ @s#! n&"!' $! &)a%#( s! &n%'+4 !n !' %!s#&(na/&(n %(n6n#( $! $&6(s ! 0&,/an a,/&%'#(/!s $!s@s $! a!/%(s!%a$( + /!,n#as '!/a'!s %()( 'a 85 (/&!n#a$as a%&a !'/!%(n(%&)&!n#( /!a'&a$( (/ !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( $!' n&"!' $!a%!#a%&4n ! $!sa//(''a/(n !' %(n6n#( $! as(%&a$(s $!s@s $!a!/ /a%#&%a$( 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a. La /!,n#a 85 &n$a,4a%!/%a $! %4)( !/%&! !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( !' !s#a$( !)(%&(na' $!'(s /($%#(/!s ! #&'&a/(n &ns)(s (/,3n&%(s.

C()( !$! a/!%&a/s! !n '(s an!?(s 'as 0&,/as &n%'*$as !n 'a!n%!s#a /!/!s!n#an n /($%#(/ !?(s( s(n/&!n#! + %(n)a(/%as !n ss )an(s n /($%#(/ ! NO !s !?(s( n( #&!n!na$a !n ss )an(s + #a)(%( !n ss ('s&''(s + !' #!/%!/ $&6(#a)&@n /!s!n#4 n %a$/( n!,a#&"( na a/!6a %a)!s&na!"&$!n#!)!n#! &nsa#&s0!%a.

La #@%n&%a $! #&'&a/ $&6(s !n 'as !n%!s#as s%a !s#&)'a/ a'(s !n#/!"&s#a$(s a/a ! !?/!s!n '&/!)!n#! ss (&n&(n!s +s(/! #($( !)(%&(n!s.

Las 0&,/as $! 'a !n%!s#a s! &n%'&na/(n a &$!n#&0&%a/ !' !s#a$(!)(%&(na' $! '(s as(%&a$(s ! /a%#&%a/(n 'a a,/&%'#/a(/,3n&%a $!s$! 'a !/%!%&4n $!' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( + (0/!%&4 %()(/!s'#a$( ! n p&(& m?$ %e l" mi'"% %e l&$ "$&(i"%&$ n& e$'","nem&(i&n"lmen'e $"'i$e(&$ (&n l&$ re$l'"%&$ &,'eni%&$ !n #an#(! %!/%a $! na %a/#a a/#! s& a/!%&a/*a ss /!s'#a$(s %()(sa#&s0a%#(/&(s + %!/%a $! n 1.5 /!%aa/*a !)(%&(na')!n#! 'aa,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a. D!! #()a/s! !n %!n#a ! s! ''!,4 a !s#a&n#!//!#a%&4n $! '(s /!s'#a$(s #an#( (/ !' $&s!=( $! '(s&ns#/)!n#(s %()( (/ 'a &n#!//!#a%&4n $! '(s /!s'#a$(s %(n(%&$a+ !"a'a$a (/ '(s /(&(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s !n J(/na$a $!C(ns'#a.

A !sa/ ! !n !' 'an( !)(%&(na' '(s /($%#(/!s s! !n%!n#/an&nsa#&s0!%(s %(n '(s /!s'#a$(s $! s !?!/&!n%&a !n !' 'an(/a%&(na' !s#a/*an as&)&'an$( 'a !?!/&!n%&a %(n &n#!/@s %!/%a $!'a )a$ $! !''(s s(n a/!%&a$(s as* (/ !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( !n#an#( ! n (%( )3s $! 'a %a/#a a/#! $! '(s /($%#(/!s!s#a/*an $! a%!/$( %(n '( ! !/%&! !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%(!n#s&as)a$(s + %(n $!s!(s $! a/!n$!/ )3s !n #an#( ! n 1.5!s#a/*an !n 'a %(n$&%&4n $! n( &n#!/!sa/s! (/ /!!#&/ 'a!?!/&!n%&a.

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/($%#(/!s a '(,/a$( ! s! &n#!/!s!n /a%&(na')!n#! (/ 'as/3%#&%as $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a an! !)(%&(na')!n#! n( 'asa%!#!n. S! !"a'a ! $a$( !' n&"!' $! a%!#a%&4n (#!n&$(!?&s#!n %(n$&%&(n!s a/a !?#!n$!/ '(s %()(n!n#!s $!' /(,/a)a> s! !"a'aa/!%&an$( $(s $&)!ns&(n!s (/ na a/#! !' n&"!' $! #&'&$a$ $!'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a $&/!%#a)!n#! !/%&&$( (/ !' /()(#(/(/,3n&%( !n#/!"&s#a$( + (/ (#/a a/#! !' n&"!' $! #&'&$a$!/%&&$( (/ '(s as(%&a$(s $! 'as %((!/a#&"as a/#&!n$( $! 'an(%&4n ! a' /!s!%#( s! 0(/)4 !' /()(#(/ (/,3n&%( !n#/!"&s#a$(.

a E' n&"!' $! #&'&$a$ $! 'a a,/&%'#/a (/,3n&%a s!,n '(!/%&!n '(s /(&(s /()(#(/!s (/,3n&%(s s! a !s#a'!%&$(s&s#!)a#&an$( ! &n#!//!#an$( 'as /!,n#as 1 K + 9a$!)3s $! 'as /!,n#as 2 + 2K.

Ca$/( N/( 9 PROBLEMAS 1UE TIENE CULTIVAR ORGANICAMENTE# SEGUNPROMOTORES ENCUESTADOS.

RESPUESTAS EHPRESADAS 4" pre!. ;) FRECUENCIA

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Ca$/( N/( 1 VENTAJAS 1UE TIENE CULTIVAR ORGANICAMENTE# SEGUNPROMOTORES ENCUESTAD

Programa Tierra Viva

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