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Prof. Leopoldo Franco
DESIGN OF ITALIAN MARINAS
AND RECENT ANALYSIS OF STORM DAMAGE
UNIVERSITA DI ROMA TRE
Land-sea margins: wave overtoppingand protection along the coastline
Marinas byModimar 2003
MAIN NEW ASPECTS OF MARINA DESIGN
Attention to environment, history anb beauty!
reducedvisual impact (low crest, lessconcrete)
water quality (forced circulation,openingsthroughbreakwaters)
reducedimpact to beaches (bypass)
removability of structures(caissons, pontoons)
Experience from ancient Roman harbours
PORT OF CLAUDIUS ROME (42 A.D.)
MARINA LAYOUTS
Original round central planshapes
safer navigation access
better hydraulic performances
reduced morphodynamic impacts
nicer architectonic image
CANNIGIONE (Sardinia)
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ACITREZZA (Sicily)CATANIA (Sicily) RIO MARTINO (Lazio)
wave penetration model
EXISTING INLET NEW PROPOSED DESIGN
PISTICCI (Basilicata) MARINA DI GROSSETO (TUSCANY) - 2003 MARINA DI GROSSETO (TUSCANY) - 2003
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Marina village Costa Turchese (Sardinia) - 1991 CANOUAN (CARIBBEAN SEA) TURGUTREIS (TURKEY)
TURGUTREIS (TURKEY) - 2003OSTIA (Rome) -20 00
OSTIA
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SALIVOLI (Tuscany) -2 000SALIVOLI
SALIVOLI
CATANIA (breakwater cross sections)
OVERSPILL CHANNEL AT ARMOUR CREST
TO REDUCE OVERTOPPING
2D and 3D model tests
SALERNO MARINA:
Expensive tandem breakwater solution(not a MODIMAR design!)
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MIXED ARMOURED MOUNDS (*)
AND ECOLOGICAL UNITS(*25% OF ROCK ON UPPER EMERGED TETRAPOD SLOPE)
ECOPODE
Mola marina (Elba, Tuscany) breakwater design
Depth= 10 m, Hs= 2.0 m, Ts=8.0 s
Removable caissons and precast crown modules
Deep 0.5 wide gap between caisson for flushing
Perforated front-rear-cross walls
ABSORBING CAISSONS FOR MARINA
QUAYWALLS AND VENICE CHANNELS(AGAINST BOAT WAKE: T=1.5 2.5 s)
OSTIA MARINA CROSS SECTIONSCLASH WP6 Hazard and economic analysis related to overtopping
Analysis of damages to Italian marinas due to wave overtopping
Storms november
2000-2001
RapalloSan Remo
Salivoli
Marina degli
Aregai
Marina location
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Salivoli Salivoli Salivoli
Salivoli: damage summary
The structural damages due to overtopping were small (around
200,000 ), plus a few boats failures.
Damage is mainly related to the small pavement block, to some 20
broken plastic pedestals and to the small displacement of a fixed pier
Salivoli Rapallo
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Rapallo Rapallo Rapallo
Rapallo: damage summary
Apart from the damage to the breakwater rock armour, the
overtopping water caused the collapse of some 120 m of gravity type
quaywall with a consequent reconstruction cost of about 1 million,
while the total damage to the quay fittings and supply plants was
estimated as 700,000 .
San RemoSan Remo
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San Remo
San Remo
Structural damage (cracking of pavement, removal of parapet flagstone
revetment, dismantling of 22 concrete pedestals, sinking of one floating
pier) for a total estimated damage of 500,000 .
Eight small yachts, four cars and one van were sunk with a total
economic loss for their owners estimated as 600,000 .
San Remo : damage summary
Attempt of estimating from video-recordingthe single
overtopping volume; Salivoli marina, 11 nov2001.
( ) =end
start
t
t
t
W dzdttzuV
)(
0
,
( ) NudttuVend
start
t
t
W == ( )dttNend
start
t
t
=
Assume that u does not vary during the
overtopping time and over the water depth
Vov/m=u*max*tov/2
Linearshallow water wave:
Depth-limited breakingwave:
smghc /3.8==
hH = ( ) smghc /1.111 =+=
CELERITY OF THE OVERTOPPING WAVES
VELOCITY OF THE OVERTOPPING WATER
u=c ??
00,00 s
02,64 s
Total overtopping
time: 2,64 s
Maximum waterdepth
over the crest: 3.55 m
00,63 s
Vov=40 m3/m but u is
probably overestimated
and what is the air
content?
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Some conclusions:
Overtopping storms may cause significant
economic losses mainly to yachts and utilities(e.g. 2 M per marina).
Minor damage occurred with q= 10 l/s/m and
estimated Vmax=10 m3/m; larger damage
with q=50 l/s/m and Vmax= 50 m3/m
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTO HAZARDS !!