Universe 3º cal, Lucía Ayllón
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Transcript of Universe 3º cal, Lucía Ayllón
The Earth in the Universe
Since ancient times, the movement of celestial bodies has attracted the
interest of human beings.
?
The geocentric model
The heliocentric model
There are two theories or models to explain our situation in the Universe :
The geocentric model Ptolemy was a Greek astronomer who lived between 85- 165 A D. He was one of the first people who proposed a theory about the movement of heavenly bodies. This theory stated that the Earth was at the center of the Universe and all celestial bodies revolved around it.
The heliocentric modelNicholas Copernicus was a Polish astronomer
who lived between 1474-1543.Before his time, people believed in the Ptolemy model. He changed this belief when he introduced the heliocentric theory. He claimed that all planets including the Earth, moved around the sun.
Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer. He
was born at the end of the sixteenth century. He was the first person to use a telescope to look at the sky. This invention was a major step forward in the knowledge of the cosmos. His defense of the heliocentric theory offended the Roman Catholic Church and this almost cost his life. He was sentenced by the Inquisition to house arrest for the rest of his life.
What is a
galaxy?
Galaxies are huge clusters of stars, interstellar gas and dust. They may contain billions or trillions of stars and several planetary systems.
Our galaxy: The Milky Way
The universe contains billions of galaxies. The Milky Way is the galaxy in which our Solar System is located together with other stars and planets.The Milky Way has a spiral shape and has several arms.
We live at this point, it is called Orion Arm
A medium star: The Sun
The Solar System consists of
Satellites are bodies that revolve around the planets.
Asteroids are rocky fragments of variable size.
Comets are bodies of rock, ice and dust
The Solar System
A group of 8 planets, some dwarf planets and 64 satellites.
A belt of asteroids mostly between Mars and Jupiter
Comets
Planets in our Solar System
Mercury
Venus
The Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
The Sun
Planets have two movements: a traslation around the sun and rotation around its axis.
Traslation Rotation
Earth Movements
Earth rotates from west to east
Day or night
The rotational motion of the Earth causes what we call “night” and “day”
night
day
Invierno
Los rayos son más perpendiculares a
la superficie terrestre
Seasons are a consequence of translational motion and the tilt of Earth
´s axis
Seasons
The Moon
The moon is the only natural satellite of our planet