ISTP Presentation - Final
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8/2/2019 ISTP Presentation - Final
1/22
ISTP 5
Individual Presentation by S. Sabraz Nawaz
Individual Presentation
on
Tech n o logies fo r Deve lop in g Sys tem s
I n f o r m a t i o n S ys t e m s T h e o r y a n d P r a c t ic e 5 3 1
L e ct u r e r i n c h a r g e :
Dr. Samantha Thelijjagoda
P r e s e n t e d b y :
S. Sabraz Nawaz
PGM-IS-12-0007
Technologies for Developing Systems Foundations of Systems Development
o Structured Development
o Fourth-Generation Languages
o Software Prototyping
o Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)
o Object-Oriented Development
o Client-Server Computing
System Integrationo ERP Systems
o Middleware
Inter-organizational System Development Internet-Based Systems
o Application Servers
o Java
o Web Services
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Agenda Case Discussion
o System Integration
o Inter-organizational System Development
o Internet-Based Systems
Question and Discussion
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System Integration One of the major challenges for CIOs
o Comp lex an d expensive: systems from different technologies to be
integrated
o Risk y ; systems may crash
Can be done in different approaches;
o DBM S: data oriented view to integration; common database e.g., Oracle
o ER P: application view of integration, applications can communicate (e.g.,
SAP)
o Middlew are : applications communicate via third party software
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ERP Systems ERP provides the means to integrate businessdepartments and functions across an organization
o Single vend or (e.g. SAP)
o Single set of applications
o Single database
If properly installed, the ERP systems will return
considerable payback
Many successes and failures
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Colgate PalmoliveCase Example for ERP Systems
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Colgate Palmolive 200 years old consumer product leader Decentralized structure with national or regional control
in 200 countries
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Colgate Palmolive: Problem Decentralized structure;
o In dependent operat ion s; expensiv e to coord inat e
o Slow response to m arket changes
o Constrained company growth
Competitive crisis in the mid-1990s, and complexdecentralized IT infrastructureo Coordination p roblem s
o Sales dropped
o Dep rived firm gr ow th
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Colgate Palmolive: Strategy Management needed to
to centralize the structure
develop new products
reduce product delivery cycle
reduce cost of operations
Integrate the supply chain in 80 countries; reduce the
cost by $150million
Integrate the distribution in 200 countries
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Colgate Palmolive: Solution
Implemented SAP R/3 system to integrate
worldwide operations, across business functions
o S&D, MM, HR, and Finance modules
Took 5 years and $430 million to complete
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Colgate Palmolive: Outcome Saved $50 million and $100 million in first twoyears
o Savings allocated R&D for new products
o 60% reduction in product delivery cycle
o Improved cooperation amongst regional subsidiaries andsuppliers
o Regained number one market position for toothpaste inUS after 34 years
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Covered System Integration
Inter-organizational System Development
Internet-Based Systems
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Inter-organizational System (IOS)
Development IOSs that connect organizations; if in two or more
countries, then called Global Information System
Main business trend is business ecosystems; groupings
of businesses that w ork closely
o This trend affect the way systems are built; Supply chain m anagement
systems (SCM)
o Another type of IOS is Platform which provides infrastructure for the
operation of a business ecosystem or an industry
Exam ple: Am erican Air lines SA BRE reserv at ion sy stem
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A Sample IoS
Source: Information Technology for Management, by Efraim Turban
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Hong Kong Exchanges andClearing (HKEx)
Case Example for IOS Development
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HKEx Asias second and worlds ninth largest stock market
Stock markets globalized
o Investors are demanding and need more features; faster, cheaper and secure
trading
Automatic order Matching and execution System (AMS)
handled security trading
o AMS/1
o AMS/2
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HKEx: Problem AMS/1o First generation system
o A closed system; allowed brokers to enter orders but from special terminals fromHKExs trading floor
AMS/2o Second generation system
o Allowed orders from dedicated terminals in brokers offices
o Didnt connect external networks nor other computers of 500 brokers
Wanted;o an open architecture to reach market beyond Honk Kong
o To interconnect business partners systems
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HKEx-Solution: AMS/3 Open up the system to individual investors
Improve the efficiency and competitiveness by
integrating the system to enable End to End trading
process;
o Investors BrokersMarket
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Development of AMS/3 A daunting project;o Consumed 40 staff, 150 consultants and 500 brokers
o Took 02 years to complete
o Five development teams
Network, Open Gateway, Multi-workstation system,
Order routing system and User acceptance testing
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Development of AMS/3 (Cont.)
Each week project management reported to project steering
committee
Trading and Settlement Committee consisting of stakeholders
o Review ed t he d evelop m ent
o Offered opinions
During the 02 years, HKEx kept on dialoging with interested
partieso En sured they accep t t he s yst em
o Got ideas to im prove the syst em
o Used media to educate investors
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Development of AMS/3 (Cont.) Testing was done at three level
o Com ponent testing
o Partial integration testing between component s
o In teg ra tion tes tin g w hich tes ted end-t o-process
Overall testing was 40% of the project
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Three layer implementation
o Preparation: applications were moved to production environment
o 1st l a y e r : infrastructure was implemented
o 2 n d l a y e r : access portions were launched; terminals, workstations, etc.
o 3 rd l a y e r : new trading functions were introduced
Development of AMS/3 (Cont.)
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AMS/3: Outcome Investors can query or order from mobile phones or Internet;o their brokers should have registered with AMS3
Brokers can enter orders like earlier and through open
gateway;
o Data can flow between AMS/3 and brokers back office systems
Customized services for individual investors
More transparent;
o Timely information to members & investors
The largest trading system with 500 exchange participants
Now foundation of industry ecosystem
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Covered System Integration
Inter-organizational System Development
Internet-Based Systems
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Internet-Based Systems Internet users are sophisticated; Internet based systems;o are to be scalable, reliable
o Needed t o be inter connected in tern ally an d externally w ith cus tom ers
and partners
Programming language differences have to be dealt with
Three aspects of Internet based systemso F r a m e w o r k : application servers
o La n g u a g e : Java
o En v ir o n m en t: Web Services
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Application Servers A middleware to link a Web server to application on
other company systems
Client
Web serverApplication
server
DBMS
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Java Component-based tools with open systems for rapidInternet based systems development
Become an standard platform for developing server-
side applications
o Ja va 2 En terp rise Ed ition (J2EE)
o En terpr ise Java Beans (EJB)
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Web Services Self-contained, self-describing business and consumer
modular applications, delivered over the Internet, thatusers can select and combine through almost any device(from personal computers to mobile phones)
Two methods available1. Ex p os in g: existing codes wrapped in XML) and give an Internet address
2. Using an e x pose d code
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Using a Web Service
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Service from Registry
1. Publish theservice available
2. Searchto find a service
3. Service found
4. Call the Service provider
5. Response
Web Service
Consumer
Web Service
Provider
Building a Web ServiceCase Example
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S t e p 0 1: Expose the code
o Currency conversion code of a credit card processor is encapsulated in an XML
wrapper
Building a Web Service
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Building a Web Service (cont)
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S t e p 0 3 : Publish the service; service description let for
others to find
o Done by registering it in a UDDI (Universal Discovery, Description, and
Integration) registry; a Web Services yellow pages
Building a Web Service (cont)
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Individual Presenta tion by: S. Sab raz Nawa z 36
Building a Web Service (cont)
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S t ep 0 4 : Find a currency conversion
Web service
o Other services can find this service. E.g., a Pricing
Web Service
o The Pricing w eb sends a request
o Asks for a list ing of cur ren cy conversion Web
Services
o The reply is sent back
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Building a Web Service (cont)
Building a Web Service (cont) S t e p 0 5 : Invoke a Web service
o The Pricing Web Service can now invoke the selected currency conversion WebService
E.g., Convert $1000 into SLR
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Individual Presenta tion by: S. Sab raz Nawa z 39
Building a Web Service (cont)
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Building a Web Service (cont)
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Sample Web Service
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Covered System Integration
Inter-organizational System Development
Internet-Based Systems
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Individual Presenta tion by: S. Sab raz Nawa z 43