ERb nigeroberogeday PikçúsuvNÑefera lwm Fn; B¿s 2550 ... · -2- ymkvK:vNÑna...
Transcript of ERb nigeroberogeday PikçúsuvNÑefera lwm Fn; B¿s 2550 ... · -2- ymkvK:vNÑna...
ERb nigeroberogeday P uvNÑefera lwm Fn; ikçús
B¿s 2550
extþátdMbg
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaFmμbT
vK:TI 1 eQ μa¼ymkvK:
222 Y 222
1 ymkvNÑna
1 erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
esckIþxagedIm
manbucäafa ²RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ½
Fm’’TaMgLay mancitþCaRbFan mancitþRbesIrbMput
mancitþCaFM seRmcGMBIcitþ ebIbuK:lmancitþRtÚveTas
RbTUsþehIy eBalkIþ eFVIkIþ ( nUvTuc©rit ) eRBa¼Tuc©rit
TaMgena¼ TukçrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼eTA dUckgreT¼
viltamdaneCIgeKaEdlkMBugGUsnwmeTA .
-2- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletS
dUecñ¼ RB¼sasþa RTgsEmþgenATINa ?
visC¢nafa RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´sEmþgenARkúgsavtSI .
manbucäa ( CalMdab´teTA ) fa ² RB¼Gg:RTgRárB§cMeBa¼
buK:lNa ³ ?
manvisC¢nafa ²RB¼Gg:RTgRárB§RB¼ckçúáletSr ³ .
kudum<Ik_eFVIBiFIsMubuRt
án|fa enAkñúgRkúgsavtSI mankudum<Ik_mñak eQμa¼mha
suvNÑ CaGñksþúksþmÖ manRTBü mansm,tþieRcIn ( bu¨Enþ ) min
manbuRt . éf¶mYyKatáneFVIdMeNIreTAkMBgTwk gUtTwkeRscehIy
k¾RtLbmkvij eXIjedImeQIFMEdlCam©aséRBmYyedIm Ebk
EmksaxaenAtampøÚv k¾Kitfa ²edImeQIen¼RákdCamaneTvta
EdlmanskiþFMenAminxan³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIb[eKCRm¼cMENk
xageRkaménedImeQIena¼[sðatehIy [eFVIrbgBT§CuMvij ekor
xßac elIkTgC&y nigTgbdaeLIg tubEtgedImeQIena¼ehIy
eFVIesckIþRáfña ( KWbnRsn ) fa RbsinebI¹ánbuRt ¦FIta
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -3-
Emnena¼ ²¹m©asnwgeFVInUveRKÓgsk;ar£ FMbUCacMeBa¼elak³ dUecñ¼
ehIy k¾ecosecjeTA .
kudum<Ik_ánbuRtBIrnak´
eRkaymk Priyarbs´esdæIk¾taMgKP’eLIg . esdæIk¾
[BiFIrkßaKP’dl´nag . lu¼knøgeTA 10 Ex nagRbsUt
buRtmñak esdæIdakeQμa¼buRtena¼fa ²ál£³ eRBa¼kUnena¼ án
mkedayGaRs&yedImeQImYyedImFM EdlxøÜnrkßaena¼ .
eRkaymkeTot esdæIk¾ánbuRtmñakeTot Katándak
eQ μa¼[fa ²culøál£³ dakeQμa¼buRtc,gfa ²mhaál£³
lu¼kumarTaMgBIrnakena¼ceRmInv&yehIy matabitak¾Kitcgeday
cMNg KWkarRKb´RKgpÞ¼ . kñúgkalCacMENkdéT matabita
áneFVIkalkiriyaeTA . BYkjatik¾ebIkXøaMgykRTBüTaMgGs´
RbKl´[esdæIbuRtTaMgBIrnakena¼ .
RB¼sasþaRTg´KgenAkñúgRkúgsavtSI 25 vsßa
k¾kñúgsm¥a¼ RB¼sasþa RTgRbkasRB¼Fm μck;d¾bvr
[RbRBwtþeTAehIy esþcyageTAkanTIcarikedaylMdab´ RTg´
KgenAkñúgvtþeCtBnmhavihar EdlGnafbiNÐikesdæIbric©aK
RTBü rab´án 54 ekadisagfVay RTgTUnμanmhaCn[taMgenA
kñúgpøÚvsUK’ nigpøÚvniBVan .
BitNas´ RB¼tfaKt RTgKgcaMvsßaenAkñúgnieRKaF
mhavihar EdlRB¼jativgßxagRB¼mata 8 muWnRtkUl/ xag
bita 8 muWnRtkUl rYmKñaCa 16 muWnRtkUlsagfVayEtmYy
vsßabu¨eNÑa¼/ esþcKgcaMvsßaenAkñúgeCtvnmhavihar Edl
GnafbiNÐikesdæIsagfVay 19 vsßa/ esþcKgcaMvsßaenAkñúg
buBVaram Edlnagvisaxamha«ásikabric©aKRTBü rab´án 27
ekadisagfVay 6 vsßa/ RTg´GaRs&yRtkUlTaMgBIrEdlCaFM
edayKuNFm’ esþcRTgKgcaMvsßaenARkúgsavtSI ehIyGaRs&y
RkúgsavtSICaeKacrRKam 25 vsßa edayRbkardUecñ¼ .
GñkTMnukbRmúgPikçúsameNr
TaMgGnafbiNÐikesdæI TaMgvisaxamha«ásika EtgEt
eTAkanTIbeRmIRB¼tfaKtmYyéf¶BIrdgCaRbcaM . ehIykalnwg
eTAminFøab´manédTeTeTAeT edayKitERkgfa ²PikçúkMela¼ RBm
TaMgsameNrnwgRkeLkemIlnUvédrbs´xøÜn . kaleTAmuneBl
qan rEmgeRbIbeRmI[kanykrbsTMBasuICaedImeTACamYy/ kal
eTAeRkayeBlqan eRbIbeRmI[kanykbBa©ePsC¢£ nigGdæán
eTA . ehIykñúgeKhdæanénelakTaMgBIrena¼ KattakEtgGasn£
TukedIm,IPikçú 2 Ban´rUbkñúgeKhdæannImYy@ Canic© . PikçúrUbNa
Ráfñarbs´Na eTa¼bICaáy Twk ¦ePsC¢£ rbs´ena¼k¾seRmc
dl´PikçúrUbena¼smdUcRáfña .
esdæIminFøabTUlsYrbBaHa
bNþaelakTaMgBIrena¼ GnafbiNÐikesdæIminFøab´TUl
sYrbBaHacMeBa¼RB¼sasþamþgNaeLIy . án|fa esdæIKitfa
²RB¼tfaKtCaRB¼BuT§/ EdlCasuxumalCati CakßRtsuxumal-
-6- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
Cati kalRTgsEmþgFm’dleyIg edayRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²KhbtI
man«bkar£cMeBa¼tfaKteRcIn dUecñ¼ RB¼Gg:nwgRTglMákRB¼
kay³ ehIyminTUlsYrbBaHa edayesckIþRsLajkñúgRB¼sasþa
CayagéRkElg . cMENkRB¼sasþa lu¼GnafbiNÐikesdæIGg:úy
ehIy RTgmanRB¼BuT§tRmi¼fa ²esdæIen¼rkßaeyIgkñúgTIEdlmin
KYrrkßa eRBa¼fa eyIgkatsirsarbs´eyIgEdlRbdab´ehIy/
exV¼dYgRB¼enRtrbs´eyIg[eTACaTan ehIykatsaceb¼dUg
rbs´eyIg l¼bgkUnRbBn§ EdlCaTIRsLajes μIedayCIvit
rbs´eyIg[eTACaTan ehIybMeBjármIGs 4 Gsegçyü
nigmYyEsnkb, k¾edIm,IsEmþgFm’’dl´GñkdéTbu¨eNÑa¼ esdæIen¼
rkßaeyIgkñúgTIEdlminKYrrkßa³ ( lu¼RTgBuT§tRmi¼ ) dUecñ¼ehIy
k¾RTgRtas´RB¼Fm μeTsna 1 kNÐ Canic© .
GñkRkúúgsavtSIeTAsþabFm’’
RKaena¼ enAkñúgRkúgsavtSImanmnusß 7 ekadi bNþa
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -7-
mnusßTaMgena¼ Gñkánsþab´Fm μkfarbs´RB¼sasþaehIy án
eTACaGriysavkRbmaN 5 ekadi enACabufuC¢nRbmaN 2 ekadi .
bNþamnusßTaMgena¼ kic©rbs´GriysavkmanRtwmEtBIry¨ag
bu¨eNÑa¼ KWmunPtþ elakfVayTan/ eRkayPtþ elakmanédkan
eRKÓgsk;arbUCa maneRKÓgRkGUb nigkRmgp;aCaedIm ehIy
eRbImnusß[kaneTyüFm’’ mansMBt ePsC¢£ nigTwkán£
CaedIm eTAedIm,Isþab´Fm’’ .
éf¶mYy kudum<Ik_mhaáleXIjBYkGriysavkmanédkan´
eRKÓgsk;arbUCa maneRKÓgRkGUb nigkRmgp;aCaedIm eTAkan´
vihar eTIbsYrfa ²mhaCnTaMgen¼eTANahñwg ? ³ lu¼án|fa
²eTAsþab´Fm’’ ³ k¾Kitfa ²eyIgeTAEdr³ lu¼eTAdl´viharfVaybg:M
RB¼sasþaehIy Gg:úyenAxagcugRbCuMCn . FmμtaRB¼BuT§TaMg-
Lay kalnwgRTgsEmþgFm’’ RTgRtÜtemIl«bnisß&yénKuN
mansrN£ sIl nigbBVC¢a CaedIm ( sin ) ehIy eTIbRTg
-8- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
sEmþgFm’’tamGFüaRs&y .
GnubuBVIkfa 5 y¨ag
ehtuena¼ éf¶ena¼ RB¼sasþa RTgTteXIj«bnisß&y
rbs´kudum<Ik_mhaálehIy kalnwgRTgsEmþgFm’’ ánRtas´
GnuBVIkfa KWRTgRbkasTankfa ( BN’naTan ) sIlkfa ( BN’na
sIl ) sK:kfa ( BN’nazansYK’ ) GaTInvkfa ( BN’naGMBIeTas
rbs´kamTaMgLay ) enkçm μkfa ( KWBN’naGMBIGanisgßénkar
ecjcakkamTaMgLay ) .
mhaálsuMbYs
kudum<Ik_mhaálánsþab´Fm’’ena¼ehIy Kitfa ²buRt nig
FItakIþ ePaKsm,tþikIþ rEmgeTAtamGñkeTAkanbrelakminán
sUm,IsrIr£k¾eTACamYynwgxøÜnminánpg karEdleyIgenARKb´
RKgpÞ¼ etIánCaRbeyaCn_GVI eyIgnwgbYs/ lu¼eTsnacb´
mhaál£k¾cUleTA KalRB¼sasþaTUlsuMbYs³ . xN£ena¼
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -9-
RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrmhaálfa ²jatiNa@ rbs´GñkEdlRtÚv
laminmaneT¦³ ? mhaálTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹
RB¼Gg:manbðÚnRbúsmñak³ .
RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´Ráb´fa ebIdUecña¼ GñkcUrlaeK
( sin ) .
mhaálRbKlsm,tþi[bðÚnRbús
mhaálTTYlfa ²lðehIy RB¼Gg:³ fVaybg:MRB¼sasþa
ehIy RtLb´eTApÞ¼vij lu¼eTAdl´pÞ¼ehIy k¾[eKehAbðÚn
RbúsmkRbKl´RTBüsm,tþi[fa ²EnbðÚnsmøaj sviBaØaNk
RTBükIþ GviBaØaNkRTBükIþ ÉNanImYymanenAkñúgRtkUlen¼ cUr
CaPar£rbs´ÉgTaMgGs´ ÉgcUrRKb´RKgRTBüena¼cu¼³ .
bðÚnRbússYrfa ²bgsmøaj k¾bgÉgyagem¨c³ ?
bgRbúseqøIyfa ²bgeTAbYskñúgsmñakRB¼sasþa³ .
bðÚn¿ bgniyayGVI kalmatarbs¹søab´ehIy ¹ánbg
-10- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
ÉgdUcCamata kalbitasøab´ehIy ánbgÉgdUcCabita .
sm,tþiCaeRcInmanenAkñúgpÞ¼rbs´bg/ bgÉgenARKb´RKgpÞ¼ k¾
GaceFVIbuNüánEdr/ sUmbgkuMeFVIy¨agena¼eLIy .
bg¿ bðÚnsmøajbgánsþab´Fm μeTsnarbs´RB¼sasþa
manlmðbTedIm bTkNþal nigbTcug elIkeLIgkanéRt-
lkçN_d¾¾lðitsuxum Fm’’ena¼nrNa@ k¾minGacnwgbMeBj[bri-
bUN’dUcCas&gçEdleKxatehIy kñúgPaBCaXravasáneLIy/
bgnwgbYsehIy bðÚnsmøaj .
bðÚn¿ eGI bgsmøaj }LÚven¼ bgenAekμg kuMGalbYsGI/
caMbgcas´sin swmbYscu¼ .
bg¿ bðÚnsmøaj k¾éd nigeCIgrbs´mnusßcas´ ( sUm,I
Et ) xøÜn k¾faminsþab´ Ráb´mintam minRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacxøÜn/
nwgeBaleTAfVIdl´jatiTaMgLay bgmineFVI ( tam ) Bakürbs´
ÉgeT/ bgnwgbMeBjsmNFm’’[bribUN’ .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -11-
éd nigeCIgrbs´GñkNa RTúDeRTameTAeRBa¼Cra
faminsþab´ Ráb´mintam Gñkena¼ mankmøaMgEdl
Crakm©atehIy nwgRbRBwtþFm’dUcemþcán .
bgnwgbYs[Tal´Etán N+abðÚnsmøaj .
mhaálbBVC¢a«bsm,Ta
kalbðÚnRbúskMBugERskyMena¼Ég/ mhaáláneTAkan
smñakRB¼sasþa ehIyTUlsuMbYs ánbBVC¢a«bsm,TaehIy
enAkñúgsmñakrbs´Gacarü nigRB¼«bCÄay_ 5 vsßa lu¼RKb 5
vsßa bvarNaecjvsßaehIy cUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa fVay
bg:MehIy TUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kñúgRB¼sasna
en¼manFur£bu¨nμany¨ag ? ³
Fur£ 2 y¨agkñúgRB¼sasna
RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´eqøIyfa ²mñalPikçú Fur£man 2 y¨ag
bu¨eNÑa¼ KW KnSFur£ nig vibsßnaFur£³ .
-12- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
RB¼mhaálTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾KnSFur£
ena¼ etIdUcemþc ? vibsßnaFur£dUcemþcEdr ?
s¿ Fur£ KWkareronnikaymYykIþ BIrnikaykIþ cb´BuT§-
vcn£ KWRB¼éRtbidkkIþ tamsmKYrdl´bBaØarbs´xøÜn ehIyRT
RTgTuk eBal sEmþg Ráb ebIkbgHajnUvBuT§vcn£ena¼ eQμa¼fa
KnSFur£/ cMENkbBaØaEdlBicarNaeXIjsgçarTaMgLayEdl
Gs´eTA nigsUnüeTACaFm μta júaMgvibsßna[ceRmIneday
GMNacénkarCab´tKñaehIy kanykRB¼Grhtþrbs´PikçúGñkman
karRbRBwtþiRsal ehIyeRtkGrd¾éRkElgkñúgesnasn£s¶at´
eQ μa¼fa vibsßnaFur£ .
m¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:bYsehIy kñúgkal
EdlxøÜnCamnusßcas´ minGacnwgbMeBjKnSFur£[bribUN’án
eT/ bu¨Enþ¹RB¼Gg:nwgbMeBjvibsßnaFur£[bribUN’/ sUmRB¼Gg:
Rtas´Ráb´RB¼km μdæandl´¹RB¼Gg:cu¼ .
RB¼mhaáleFVIdMeNIreTAkanRsúkCayEdn
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa ánRtas´Ráb´RB¼km μdæanrhUtdl´
RB¼Grhtþ dl´RB¼mhaál . elakfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa
ehIy EsVgrkPikçúEdlCashFmμikánPikçú 60 rUb ehIyecj
eTACamYynwgPikçúTaMgena¼ nimnþeTArhUtGs´cm¶ay pøÚv 120
eyaCn_ dl´RsúkCayEdnmYy k¾cUleTAbiNÐátkñúgRsúkena¼
CamYynwgbrivarrbs´xøÜn .
GñkRsúkRC¼føaGaraFna[enAcaMvsßa
BYkmnusßeXIjPikçúTaMgLay EdlCaGñkdl´RBmeday
vtþehIy k¾mancitþRC¼føa erobcMGasn£ ehIynimnþ[Kg/
Gg:asedayGahard¾RbNIt@ ehIysYrfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´
elakm©as´nwgnimnþeTATINa³ ? PikçúTaMgLayeqøIyfa ²mñal«á-
sk nig«ásikaTaMgLay ²BYkGatμanwgeTAkan´TIEdlCaTI
sb,ay³ dUecñ¼ehIy mnusßTaMgLayEdlCabNÐitdwgfa
elak m©asd¾ceRmInTaMgLay EsVgrkesnasn£edIm,IcaMvsßa³
-14- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
eTIbGaraFnafa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmInTaMgLay ebIelak
m©as´TaMgLayenAcaMvsßaTIen¼rhUtGs´éRtmasen¼ ¹m©as´TaMg
LaynwgtaMgenAkñúgsrN£ ehIyrkßasIl³ . PikçúTaMgLay
k¾KiteXIjdUecñ¼fa ²eyIgGaRs&yRtkUlTaMgen¼nwgeFVITIbMputTukç
án³ eTIbTTYlnimnþ . BYkmnusßdwgfa PikçúTaMgLayTTYlnimnþ
ehIy ánnaMKñaeássMGatvihar erobcMTIsRmab´sRmak eBl
éf¶ nigeBlyb´RbeKn . PikçúTaMgLaycUleTAbiNÐátkñúgRsúk
ena¼CaRbcaM . RKaena¼ eBTümñakcUleTArkPikçúTaMgLay ehIy
bvarNafa ²elakm©asd¾ceRmInTaMgLay k¾FmμtakñúglMenAén
mnusßeRcInnak rEmgmanCMgWdg;atxø¼ RbsinebIelakm©as´TaMg
LaymanGaBaF sUmelakm©as´TaMgLayRáb´¹RB¼kruNa
¹RB¼kruNanwgeFVIePsC¢£RbeKn ³ .
RB¼mhaálsmaTanensC¢ikFutg:
kñúgéf¶cUlvsßa RB¼efr£ehAPikçúTaMgena¼mk ( RBmKña )
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -15-
ehIysYrfa ²mñalGñkmanGayuTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaynwg[
éRtmasen¼knøgeTA eday}riyabfbu¨nμan ³ ?
PikçúTaMgLayeqøIyRáb´fa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn
eyIg¹TaMgLay nwg[knøgeTAeday}riyabfRKb´TaMg 4 ³ .
f¿ mñalGñkmanGayuTaMgLay k¾karena¼smKYr¦ ?
eyIgTaMgLayminKYrCaGñkRbmaTminEmn¦ ? eRBa¼eyIgTaMg-
Lay eronRB¼km μdæanmkGMBIsmñakRB¼BuT§ EdlRTg´enAmanRB¼
Cnμ . Fm μtafa RB¼BuT§TaMgLay buK:lGñkeRcInedaykarGYt
Gag minGacjúaMgRB¼Gg:[eRtkGráneT/ eRBa¼fa RB¼BuT§TaMg
Lay mnusßmanGFüaRs&ylð ( EtmYycMBUk ) bu¨eNÑa¼ eTIb
eFVIRB¼Gg:[eRtkGrán/ mü¨ageTot GáyPUmiTaMg 4 ebIkTVarrg´
caMbuK:lRbmaT ehIybuK:lRbmaT manpÞ¼ KWGáyPUmi 4/ Gñk
manGayuTaMgLay sUmGñkTaMgLaykuMmanesckþIRbmaTeLIy .
P¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn etIelakm©as´dUcemþcEdr ?
-16- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
f¿ mñalGñkmanGayuTaMgLay ¹nwg[ ( éRtmasen¼ )
( begðan ) knøgeTAeday}riyabf 3 nwgminTeRmtxñgeLIy .
P¿ saFu sUmelakm©as´cUrCaGñkminRbmaTcu¼ .
ckçúrbsmhaálBikar
kalRB¼efr£minQancu¼kanni®nÞa/ júaMgkal[knøgeTA
eday}riyabf 3 ánEtmYyExbu¨eNÑa¼/ eraKkñúgEPñkk¾ekIt
eLIg . TwkEPñkhUrecjGMBIEPñkTaMgBIrxag dUcCaTwkTaMgLay
EdlhUrecjGMBIqñaMgFøú¼ . elakbMeBjsmNFm’’rhUtGs´
raRtIehIy kalGruNr¼eLIg cUleTAkanbnÞb´Gg:úy . kñúg
evlaPikçcar PikçúTaMgLayeTAkan´smñakRB¼efr£ Ráb´fa ²bBiRt
elakd¾ceRmIn evlaen¼CaevlaPikçacar³ RB¼efr£eBalfa ²mñal
GavuesaTaMgLay ebIdUecña¼ GñkTaMgLaycUrkanáRt nigcIvreTA
cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy [PikçúTaMgLaykanáRt nigcIvrrbs´xøÜnecj
eTA .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -17-
PikçúTaMgLay eXIjEPñkTaMgBIrrbs´RB¼efr£manTwkhUr
ecj eTIbsYrfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn etIelakm©as´ekIt
eraKGVI ³ ?
f¿ mñalGavuesaTaMgLay xülcakedatEPñkrbs¹ .
P¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn eyIgTaMgLayCaGñkEdl
eBTüánbvarNaTukehIyminEmn¦ ? eyIgKb,IRábeBTüena¼ .
f¿ RbéBehIy GñkmanGayuTaMgLay .
eBTüpßMfñaMRbeKnRB¼efr£
PikçúTaMgLayk¾ánRáb´erOgena¼dl´eBTü . eBTük¾sø-
eRbgbBa¢ÚneTARbeKn . RB¼efr£kalbnþkeRbgkñúgRcmu¼ Gg:úy
bnþk rYcehIycUleTAkanRsúk . eBTüeXIjehIy sYrfa
²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn án|fa xül´cakedatEPñkrbs´
elakm©as´BitEmn¦ ?
f¿ ceRmInBr «ásk .
-18- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
eB¿ elakm©as´d¾ceRmIn ¹m©as´søeRbgehIybBa¢ÚneTA
( RbeKn ) elakm©as´bnþktamRcmu¼ehIy¦ ?
f¿ ceRmInBr «ásk .
eB¿ }LÚven¼ y¨agNaehIy elakm©as´ ?
f¿ mñal«ásk enAEtcak´edatdEdl .
RB¼mhaálKgbnþk´fñaM
eBTüKitq¶l´kñúgcitþfa ²eyIgbBa¢ÚneRbgeTAedIm,InwgjúaMg
eraK[s¶b´ánedaykarbnþkRtwmEtmþgbu¨eNÑa¼ eTARbeKnehIy
ehtudUcemþchñ+ eTIberaKenAminTans¶b´³ ? eTIbsYrfa ²elak
m©as´d¾ceRmIn eRbgena¼ elakm©as´Kgbnþk ¦k¾swgbnþk³ ?
RB¼efr£enAes¶óm/ sUm,IeBTüsYreTotk¾minRáb´ .
eBTüKitfa ²eyIgnwgeTAkanviharemIllMenArbs´elak
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -19-
lMenArbsRB¼efr£ eXIjEtTIc®g;m nigTIGg:úy mineXIjTI
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RB¼ckçúálRbwkßanwgkrC¢kay
RB¼efr£eqøIyfa ²mñal«ásk caMGatμaRbwkßaemIlsin .
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -21-
ckçúTaMgLay EdlGñkrab´fa CarbsxøÜn
cUrRKaMRKaeTAcu¼ RtecokTaMgLay EdlGñkrab´
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -23-
søeRbg RbeKnelak³ .
RB¼efr£EbkFøayckçúRBmnwgkarsMercRB¼Grhtþ
RB¼efr£RtÚveBTüRáb´fa Qb´BüaálehIy RtLb´eTA
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RKaena¼ lu¼mCÄimyamknøgeTAehIy TaMgckçú TaMg
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P¿ kruNa elakm©as´d¾ceRmIn .
f¿ ebIdUecña¼ GñkTaMgLaycUreTAcu¼ .
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f¿ mñalGavuesaTaMgLay EPñkrbs´¹EbkFøayehIy .
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -25-
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k¾ÉPikçúTaMgLayecjvsßaehIy RáfñanwgKal´RB¼-
sasþa eTIbRáb´RB¼efr£fa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn BYk¹
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -27-
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BYkGatμa eTAKal´RB¼sasþa³ .
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k¾RtLb´mkvijedayesckþIGaeLa¼Gal&y .
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -29-
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álit£ en¼eTAcu¼ .
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Gnþray RtÚvbYssinswmeTA eTIbán .
ku¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay
eFVIy¨agena¼ehIy bBa¢ÚneTAcu¼ .
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b¿ RB¼efr£eQ μa¼ ál£ elakm©as´ .
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -31-
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eNHIycu¼ eyIgCaGñkmanckçúxUcehIy mkkan
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -35-
pøÚvq¶ayknþar£ nwgsøab´k¾edaycu¼nwgmineTA/
eRBa¼PaBCasmøajnwgCnBal rEmgminman .
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dUecñ¼ehIy xßwkxßÜlsÞú¼cUleTAkanéRB eKcxøÜnáteTA .
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shsßenRt EdlCaesþcénBYkeTvta emIleday
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kñúgFm’’ eRtkGrkñúgsasna KgEtmYyRB¼Gg:Ég
kñúgéRB .
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -37-
CageTvta RTRTgsirIrbs´eTvraC esþcmkkansmñakRB¼efr£
ehIykñúgmYyrMeBc cUleTACitRB¼efr£³ .
lu¼esþccUleTACitehIy RTgeFVIsMeLgeCIgkñúgTICit
RB¼efr£ .
RKaena¼ RB¼efr£sYrsk;eTvraCfa ²nrNahñwg³ ?
sk;eTvraCeqøIyfa bBiRtelakm©asd¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNa
CaGñkedIrpøÚvq¶ay ( CaGñkdMeNIr ) .
f¿ mñal«ásk GñkeTATINa ?
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNaeTAkanRkúg
savtSI .
f¿ eTAcu¼ GñkmanGayu .
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´nimnþeTAkanTI
NaEdr ?
f¿ GatμaPaBk¾nimnþeTAkanTIena¼Edr .
-38- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
s¿ ebIdUecña¼ eyIgTaMgLayeTACamYyKñacu¼elakm©as´ .
f¿ GatμaPaBCamnusßTuBVlPaB/ karyWtyUrnwgmandl´
Gñk EdleTACamYynwgGatμaPaB .
s¿ kic©Rbjab´rbs´¹RB¼kruNaminmaneT RbsinebI¹
RB¼kruNaáneFVIdMeNIreTACamYyelakm©as´ena¼ ¹RB¼kruNa
nwgánnUvbuBaØkiriyavtSú 10 Rbkar RbkarNanImYyminxan/
sUmelakm©as´eTACamYynwg¹RB¼kruNacu¼ .
RB¼efr£Kitfa ²nu+¼nwgCasb,úrs³ eTIbeBalfa ²ebIdUecña¼
«áskcUrcab´cugeQIRctrbs´GatμaPaBcu¼ ³ .
sk;eTvraCnaMRB¼efr£eTAdlvtþeCtBn
sk;eTvraC RTgeFVIy¨agena¼ehIy bMRBÜjEpndI[dl´
vtþeCtBn kñúgevlaresol .
RB¼efr£án|sUrsMeLgt®nþI mans&gç nigrnat CaedIm
ehIysYrfa ²sMeLghñwgenATINa ³ ?
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -39-
s¿ RkúgsavtSI elakm©as´ .
f¿ kñúgevlaeTA GatμaPaBeTAGs´evlayUrNas´ .
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´ ¹RB¼kruNas:al´pøÚvkat .
kñúgxN£ena¼ RB¼efr£dwgánfa ²Gñken¼minEmnmnusß
RákdCaeTvta³ .
( ehtuena¼RB¼bUraNacarüTaMgLay eTIbeBalfa )
²sk;eTvraC EdlCaesþcéneTvta RTRTg´sirIrbs´eTvraC
esþcbMRbÜjpøÚvmkdl´RkúgsavtISy¨agqab´rh&s³ .
sk;eTvraCnaMRB¼efr£eTAkanbNÑsala Edlkudum<Ik_Ca
bðÚnRbúseFVIedIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´RB¼efr£ena¼Ég nimnþ[KgelI
bnÞ¼kþar ehIynim μitxøÜnCasmøajrbs´culø£ ehIyeTAkan´smñak´
énkudum<Ik_culøál ERskehAfa ²En+ ál£smøaj³ .
kudum<Ik_culøálERsksYrfa ( sðI ? smøaj )
sk;¿ elakándwgfa RB¼efr£mkehIy¦ ?
-40- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
culø£¿ ¹minTandwgeT/ k¾RB¼efr£mkehIy¦ ?
sk;eTvraCRtas´fa ²eGI smøaj ¹eTAkanvihareXIj
RB¼efr£KgenAkñúgbNÑsala EdlelakeFVITuksRmab´RB¼efr£
Gm,ajmijen¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ehIy esþck¾eKcecjeTA .
cMENkkudum<Ik_eTAdl´vihar eXIjRB¼efr£eehIy ERsk
yMbRm¼nenolenAeTobáTmUlrbs´RB¼efr£ eBalfa ²elak
m©as´d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNaeXIjehtuen¼ehIy eTIbminRBm[
elakm©as´bYs³ dUecña¼CaedIm ehIyeFVIekμgTas£BIrnak[Ca
GñkCa[bYskñúgsmñakrbs´RB¼efr£ ehIypþaMfa ²elakTaMg
Lay cUrnaMykrbs´qan manbbr nigáyCaedIm mkGMBIxag
kñúgRsúk«bdæakRB¼efr£³ dUecñ¼ehIy RbKl´kic©ena¼[eFVI .
sameNrTaMgLayk¾eFVIvtþbeRmIRB¼efr£ . éf¶mYy PikçúTaMgLay
GñkenAkñúgTis ( GñkenAkñúgTIdéT ) mkkan´vtþeCtBn eday
bMNgfa ²nwgKal´RB¼sasþa³ fVaybg:MRB¼sasþa sYrsuxTukç
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -41-
RB¼GsitImhasavk ehIyRtaceTAkanTIcarikkñúgvihar dl´
lMenARB¼ckçúáletSrehIy manmuxeq<a¼eTATIena¼enAevlaresol
edaybMNgfa ²nwgemIlTIena¼³ .
kñúgxN£ena¼ mhaemXjúaMgePøóg[Føakcu¼mk . BYk
elakKitfa ²}LÚven¼resolehIy/ ehIyemXk¾ePøógeTot³
eyIgnwgmkemIleBlRBwk dUecñ¼ehIy k¾RtLb´eTAvij . ePøóg
Føakkñúgbzmyam Qb´kñúgCmÄimyam . RB¼efr£CaGñk ( Føab´ )
RárB§esckIþBüayamedIrc®g;mCanic©/ ehtudUecñ¼ eTIbcu¼kanTI
c®g;m nimnþc®g;mkñúgbc©imyam . k¾kñúgkalena¼ emePøógCa
eRcInekIteLIgehIyelIépÞdIEdlmanePøógFøakfμI@ . kalRB¼
efr£c®g;m eTAmk ánCanemePøóggab´CaeRcIn .
BYkGenþvasik minTanáneásTIc®g;mrbs´RB¼efr£enA
eLIy rIÉBYkPikçúeRkAen¼mkedaybMNgfa ²nwgemIllMenArbs´
RB¼efr£³ eXIjstVTaMgLaykñúgTIc®g;mehIy sYrfa ²nrNa
-42- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
c®g;mkñúgTIen¼³ BYksisßrbs´RB¼efr£eqøIyfa ²«bCÄay_rbs´
BYk¹kruNaelakm©as´³ . PikçúTaMgLayti¼edolfa ²GñkTaMg
LaycUremIlkm μrbs´smN£cu¼ kñúgkalEdlmanckçúenACa
elakedkmineFVIGVI kalmanckçúvikl eFVIÉgedIrc®g;m júaMgstV
manCIvit[gab´y¨ageRcIn . BYkPikçúeTARkabTUlRB¼tfaKtkñúg
xN£ena¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼ckçúáletSrTukxøÜnfa
( c®g;m ) eFVIstVmanCIvitCaeRcIn[gab´³ .
RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLayGñkTaMgLay
eXIj elakkMBugeFVIstVmanCIvitCaeRcIn[søab´Edr¦³ .
PikçúTaMgena¼ RkabTUlfa ²mineXIjeTRB¼Gg: ³ .
s¿ GñkTaMgLaymineXIjelak ( eFVI ) y¨agNa sUm,I
elakk¾mineXIjstVmanCIvitTaMgena¼dUecña¼Edr mñalPikçúTaMg-
LayEdleQμa¼fa ectnaCaehtujúaMgstV[gab´rbs´RB¼
xINaRsBTaMgLay ( KWbuK:lGñkmanGasv£Gs´ehIy ) rEmg
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -43-
minman .
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kal«bnisß&yénRB¼Grhtþman
ehtudUcemþc eTIbelakkøayCaGñkmanckçúggwteTAvij .
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay edayGMNackm μEdlxøÜneFVITuk
ehIy .
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn k¾elakáneFVIkm μGVITuk .
buBVkmμrbsRB¼ckçúál
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay ebIdUecña¼GñkTaMg
LaycUrsþab´edayeKarBcu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy ( Rtas´niTanerOgfa ) ½
kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTBaraNsI RKb´RKgraC-
sm,tþienAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI eBTümñakRtaceFVIevC¢km μkñúgRsúk
nigniKm eXIj®sIþEdlmanckçúTuBVlk¾sYrfa ²nagekItGI ³ ?
®sIþena¼eqøIyfa ²¹emIlmineXIj³ .
eBTüeBalfa ²¹nwgeFVIfñaM[nag³ .
-44- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´ sUmelakeFVIcu¼ .
B¿ nag [GVI¹ ?
s¿ RbsinebIelakGaceFVInUvEPñkTaMgLayrbs´¹[ Rt-
Lb´CaRbRktIán/ ¹ nigbuRtFItanwgRBmeFVICaTasaTasIrbs´
elak .
B¿ ²lðehIy nag³ dUecñ¼ehIy pßMfñaM[/ EPñkTaMgLay
RtLb´CaRbRktI edayfñaMEtmYymuxbu¨eNÑa¼ .
®sIþena¼Kitfa ²eyIgánebþCJacMeBa¼eBTüena¼fa ²eyIg
nigbuRtFItaRBmeFVICaTasaTasIrbs´eK³ k¾bu¨EnþeKmuxCanwg
minehArkeyIgedayvacaEdlTnPøneT eyIgnwgbeBaäateK³ .
kalEdleBTümkehIysYrfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn eraKkñúgEPñk
rbs´nagdUcemþceTAehIy³ ? nagk¾eqøIyfa ²kalmunEPñkTaMg-
Layrbs´¹ cakedatEtbnþicbnþÜcbu¨eNÑa¼ }LÚven¼ cakedat
y¨agéRkElg³ . eBTüKitfa ®sIþen¼kuhkeyIg edaymincg[
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -45-
nUvvtSútictYcEdlCaéføQñÜl eyIgminRtÚvkaréføQñÜlGMBI®sþI
en¼eT/ eyIgnwgeFVI®sþIen¼[xVakkñúgkal}LÚven¼³ ehIyeTA
kanpÞ¼Ráb´esckIþena¼dl´Priyarbs´xøÜn . nagánenAesøóm .
eBTüena¼pßMfñaMmYymux ehIyk¾eTAkansmñak®sþIena¼ edayRáb
[bnþkfñaMfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn cUrnagbnþkfñaMen¼cu¼³ . EPñk
TaMgBIrxagánrlt´eTAdUcGNþatRbTIbdUecña¼ . eBTüena¼án
( mkekIt ) CackçúálPikçúkñúgkal}LÚven¼ .
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay km μEdlbuRt
tfaKteFVIehIykñúgkalena¼CabtameKGMBIeRkay@ . BitNas´
EdleQμa¼faábkm μ rEmgCabtamGñkeFVI dUckgreT¼vileTA
tamsñameCIgeKa ( KWeKaEdleKTwmreT¼pÞúkTMnij ) eKanaMeTAnUv
Fur£³ lu¼RTg´Rtas´erOgen¼ehIy RB¼Gg:CaFm μraCa RTgán
RtasRB¼Kafaen¼bnþGnusn§i dUcRbfabRB¼raCsasn_ Edlman
dIRbcaMTukehIyedayRB¼raClBa©k; ( Rtarbs´RB¼raCa ) fa ½
-46- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
1 menabuBVg:ma Fm μa menaesdæa menamya
mnsa ec bTuedæn Pasti va kerati va
teta nM TukçmenVti ck;Mv vheta bTM .
Fm’’TaMgLay mancitþCaRbFan mancitþRbesIrbMput
( mancitþCaFM ) seRmcGMBIcitþ ebIbuK:lmancitþRtÚv
eTasRbTUsþehIy eBalkIþ eFVIkIþ ( nUvTuc©rit ) eRBa¼
Tuc©ritTaMgena¼ TukçrEmgCabtambuK:lena¼eTA
dUckgreT¼viltamdaneCIgeKaEdlkMBugGUsnwmeTA .
GFib,ayKafa
citþEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmiTaMg 4 mankamavcrkuslcitþ
CaedIm eQμa¼fa ²mena³ kñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ . bu¨EnþcitþEdlekIt
eLIgdl´eBTükñúgkalena¼ KWCaeTasmUlcitþbu¨eNÑa¼ .
bTfa buBVg:ma KW RbkbRBmehIyedaycitþ EdlCa
Fm μCati manRbRktIRbRBwtþeTAmun .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -47-
bTfa Fmμa ERbfa Fm’’TaMgLay EdleQμa¼faFm’’man
4 y¨ag KWKuNFm’’ eTsnaFm’’ briytþiFm’’ nignisßtþniC¢IvFm’’ .
bNþaFm’’TaMg 4 Rbkarena¼ Fm μs&BÞkñúgBaküfa ²Fm’’ nigGFm’’
TaMgBIrRbkaren¼ [plmindUcKña GFm’’rEmgnaMeTAkannrk
Fm’’rEmg[dl´ suKti³ .
dUecñ¼eQμa¼fa KuNFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’ KWKuN ) . Fm μs&BÞ
kñúgBaküfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtnwgsEmþgFm’’manlmð
bTedImdl´GñkTaMgLay³ dUecñ¼CaedIm eQμa¼faeTsnaFm’’ ( ERb
fa Fm’’ KWeTsna ) . Fm μs&BÞkñúgBaküfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay
kulbuRtBYkxø¼kñúgelaken¼ rEmgeronFm’’ KWsut£/ eKyü£ dUecñ¼
CaedIm eQμa¼fa briytþiFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’ KWbriytþi ) . Fm μs&BÞ
kñúgBaküen¼fa sm¥a¼ÉgFm’’TaMgLay KWxn§rEmgman³
dUecñ¼CaedIm eQμa¼fa nisßtþFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’KWsPav£Edl
minEmnstV ) sUm,In&ykñúgbTfa ²niC¢IvFm’’³ EdlERbfa ( Fm’’ KW
-48- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
sPav£minEmnCIv£ ) k¾dUcKña . bNþaFm’’TaMg 4 Rbkarena¼
nisßtþFm’’ ¦niC¢IvFm’’ RB¼sasþaRTgRáfñaykkñúgKafaen¼ .
nisßtþFm’’ ¦niC¢IvFm’ena¼ edayGtSk¾ándl´ GrUbkçn§ 3 Rbkar
KW ²evTnaxn§ sBaØaxn§ sgçarkçn§³ . eRBa¼ehtufa GrUbkçn§ 3
Rbkaren¼ eQμa¼fa mancitþCaRbFan .
manBaküsYrfa ²k¾citþmanvtSú 1 manGarm μN_ 1 ekItkñúg
xN£ 1 rlt´kñúgxN£ 1 CamYynwgFm’’TaMgena¼ minmun min
eRkay eQμa¼fa CaRbFanénFm’’TaMgena¼dUcemþc³ ?
manBaküeqøIyfa ²citþmaneQμa¼fa CaRbFanénFm’’TaMg
ena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[ekIteLIg . dUc
y¨agfa kalBYkecarCaeRcIneFVIecarkm μ manbønGñkRsúkCaedIm
CamYyKña kalmaneKsYrfa ²nrNaCaRbFanénBYkva nrNaCa
bc©&yrbsBYkva KWBYkvaGaRs&yGñkNa eTIbeFVIkm μena¼án
Gñkena¼ eTa¼bICaeQ μa¼Ttþ£k¾eday eQ μa¼mtþ£k¾eday eKehA
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -49-
faRbFanrbs´va y¨agNamij Bakü«bemyüEdlCaeRKÓg
júaMgGtS[dl´RBmen¼ bNiÐtKb,Idwgc,as´ dUecñ¼ . citþeQ μa¼
faCaRbFanénFm’’TaMgLayena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’
TaMgena¼[ekIteLIg eRBa¼ehtuena¼ Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼fa
mancitþCaRbFan/ eRBa¼kalcitþminekIteLIg Fm’’TaMgena¼
minGacnwgekIteLIgán cMENkcitþsUm,IectsikFm’’BYkxø¼min
ekIteLIg k¾GacekIteLIgánEdr . mü¨ageTot citþeQμa¼fa
CaFMénFm’’TaMgLayena¼ edayGMNacCaGFibtI eRBa¼ehtuena¼
Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼famancitþCaFM . dUcyagfa CnTaMg-
LaymanecarEdlCaRbFanCaedIm EdlCaGFibtI áneQμa¼fa
CaFMénCnTaMgLaymanecarCaedIm y¨agNamij citþEdlCa
GFibtImaneQμa¼fa CaFMénFm’’TaMgena¼dUecña¼Edr eRBa¼ehtuena¼
Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼fa mancitþCaFM . mü¨ageTot PNУTaMg
Layena¼@ seRmcehIyGMBIvtSúNa maneQICaedIm k¾eQμa¼
-50- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
fa Carbs´seRmcehIyGMBIeQICaedIm y¨agNa sUm,IFm’
TaMgLayena¼ maneQ μa¼faseRmcehIyGMBIcitþ eRBa¼seRmc
mkGMBIcitþ dUecña¼ .
bTfa bTuedæn KW EdleTasmanGPiCÄaCaedIm EdleTIb
crmkfμIRbTUsþehIy . BitNas´ citþRbRktIeQ μa¼faPvg:citþ/
Pvg:citþena¼minRtÚveTasRbTUsþeLIy . dUcy¨agfa Twkføa
esAhμgehIy eRBa¼BN’TaMgLay manBN’exovCaedImEdl
eTIbmkfμIcUleTAeFVI[esAhμg CaTwkepßgmanBN’exovCaedIm
nigeQμa¼faTwkfμIk¾minEmn nigeQμa¼faTwkføadUcedIm k¾minEmn
y¨agNamij Pvg:citþRtÚveTas manGPiCÄaCaedImEdleTIbmk
fμIRbTUsþehIy nwgeQμa¼facitþfμIk¾minEmn nwgeQμa¼faPvg:citþ
dEdlk¾minEmn/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbRB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa
²mñalPikçúTaMgLay citþen¼CaFm μCatipUrpg EtvaesAhμgeRBa¼
«bki;elsTaMgLayEdleTIbmkfμInu+¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ . ebIbuK:lman
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -51-
citþRtÚveTasRbTUsþehIyy¨agen¼ .
áTRB¼Kafafa Pasti va kerati va KWkalbuK:lena¼
niyayrEmgniyayEtvcITuc©rit 4 y¨ag kaleFVIrEmgeFVIEtkay
Tuc©rit 3 y¨ag kalminniyay kalmineFVI eRBa¼kalEdlxøÜn
CaGñkmancitþEdleTas man GPiCÄa CaedIm RbTUsrayehIy
ena¼ rEmgjúaMgmenaTuc©rit 3 y¨ag[eBj . Gkuslkm μbf
10 y¨ag rbs´buK:lena¼ rEmgdl´kareBjeBaredayRbkar
y¨agen¼ . áTRB¼Kafafa teta nM TukçmenVti esckIþfa Tukç
rEmgCabtambuK:lena¼eTA eRBa¼Tuc©rit 3 y¨agena¼ KWTukçEdl
Capl TaMgRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ edaybri-
yayy¨agen¼fa TukçmankayCaTItaMgxø¼ TukçmancitþeRkAen¼Ca
TItaMgxø¼ rEmgeTAtamGtþPaBena¼ EdlCaGñkeTAenAkñúgGáy
PUmi 4 kIþ kñúgBYkmnusßkIþ edayGanuPaBénTuc©ritena¼ .
manBaküsYrfa ²TukçrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼dUcCaGVI³ ?
-52- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr
manBaküeqøIyfa dUcCakgreT¼vileTAtamsñameCIgeKa
EdlnaMeTAnUvFur£dUecña¼/ GFib,ayfa ²dUcCakgreT¼EdlvileTA
tamsñameCIgeKaEdleKTwmTukhñwgnwmnaMnwmeTA . dUcy¨agfa
vaGUseTAGs´mYyéf¶kIþ BIréf¶kIþ 10 éf¶kIþ knø¼ExkIþ rEmgminGac
[kgRtLb´viján KWminGacedIm,Il¼bgnUvkgeTAán/ kñúgn&y
fa kalvaQaneTAxagmux nwmk¾ebotebon ( sg;t ) k ( rbs´
va ) kalvafyeRkaykgk¾Tg:ic ( kkit ) nUvsacePøArbs´va/
kgebotebonedayehtu 2 Rbkaren¼ CavtSúEdlRbRBwtþeTAtam
sñameCIgrbs´va yagNa/ Tukçkay nigTukçcitþ EdlmanTuc©rit
CamUl rEmgCab´tambuK:lGñkmancitþEdlRtÚveTasRbTUsþ
ehIy júaMgTuc©rit 3 Rbkar[eBjbribUN’ehIy zitenAkñúgTI
EdleKeTAehIy@ mannrkCaedImy¨agena¼Ég .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -53-
kñúgkalcb´Kafa Pikçú 3000 rUb ánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ
mYyGenøIedaybdismÖiTaTaMgLay . eTsnaánCakfamanRb-
eyaCn_ manplsUm,Idl´bris&TGñkRbCuMKñaehIy dUecñ¼Ég .
( erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr cb )
r o s
2 erOgmdækuNÐlI
esckIþxagedIm
cMENkRB¼KafaTIBIrfa ²menabuBVg:ma³ CaedIm RB¼man
RB¼PaK RTgRárB§mdækuNÐlImaNB sEmþgenAkñúgRkúgsavtSI
ena¼Ég .
RBahμN_eFVIeRKÓgRbdab[buRt
manesckIþdMNalmkfa enAkñúgRkúgsavtSI manRBahμN_
mñakeQ μa¼ GTinñbuBVk£ . KatminFøab´[vtSúGVI @ dl´nrNa @ .
eRBa¼ehtuena¼ mhaCnk¾ándakeQμa¼[Katfa ²GTinñbuBVk£³
KatmanbuRtmñakCaTIRsLajeBjcitþ . eRkaymk Kat´cg´
edIm,InwgeFVIeRKÓgRbdab[dl´buRtena¼ k¾Kitfa ²RbsinebIeyIg
CYlCagmas[eFVIk¾nwgRtÚv[Ptþ nigéføQñÜldl´Cag³ dUecña¼
ehIy k¾dMmasedayxøÜnÉg ehIyeFVICaTMhU‘relag@ eRscehIy
[ ( dl´buRtrbs´xøÜn ) eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbbuRtrbs´Katán
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -55-
RákdeQμa¼fa mdækuNÐlI³ .
BüaálbuRtxøÜnÉgeRBa¼xøacGséføQñÜl
kñúgkalbuRtena¼manGayuán 16 qñaM k¾ekIteraKs:m
elog . mataRkeLkeXIjbuRtehIyk¾niyaynwgRBahμN_
²EdlCasVamI³ fa ²bBiRtRBahμN_ eraKekIteLIgehIydl´buRt
rbs´elak sUmelakrkeBTümkBüaál[vacu¼³ .
RBahμN_eqøIyfa ²En nagd¾ceRmIn RbsinebIGjnwgrk
eBTümk/ GjnwgKb,I[éføQñÜl nigrgVandl´eK nagmineXIj
nUvkarxatbgRTBürbs´eyIgeTGI³ .
nagRBahμNIsYrfa ²bBiRtRBahμN_ kalebIdUecña¼
etIelakeFVIdUcemþceTA³ ?
RBahμN_eqøIyfa ²RTBürbseyIgnwgminxatbgeTAeday
RbkarNa eyIgnwgeFVIy¨agena¼³ .
RBahμN_ena¼eTAkansmñakBYkeBTüehIy sYrfa ²BYk
-56- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
elakpßMfñaMdUcemþcdl´GñkCm¶WEdlekIteraKeQ μa¼ÉeNa¼³ .
RKaena¼ BYkeBTük¾Ráb´nUvrukçaGvyv£ mansMbkeQICa
edImdl´RBahμN_ena¼ . RBahμN_ ( eTA ) yk¬seQICaedIm
EdlBYkeTBüRáb´ena¼mk ehIyeFVIfñaM[dl´buRtrbs´xøÜn .
kalRBahμN_eFVIfñaMdUecña¼[buRtrbs´xøÜnpwk/ eraKán ( keRmIk
eLIg ) y¨agxøaMgkøa ( rhUt ) cUldl´karEdlminmannrNanwg
Büaálán . RBahμN_dwgfabuRtTuBVlPaBehIy k¾GeBa¢Ij
eBTümñakmk eBTüena¼ ( mk ) BinitüemIlehIy k¾niyay ( eKc
Ek ) fa ²¹mankic©rvl´ sUmelakGeBa¢IjeBTüdéTmkBüaál
cu¼³ dUecña¼ehIy RbEkknwgRBahμN_ena¼ehIy k¾laeTA .
[buRtedkeRkApÞ¼eRBa¼xøaceKeXIjsm,tþi
RBahμN_dwgfa buRtrbs´xøÜnCitsøab´ehIy k¾Kitfa ²BYk
CnEdlmkedIm,IsYrsuxTukçbuRten¼ eXIjRTBüsm,tþixagkñúg
pÞ¼ eyIgnwgnaMeKecjeTAxageRkA³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbnaMykbuRt
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -57-
ecjmk[edkB§d¾xageRkApÞ¼ .
RB¼BuT§BicarNaeXIj«bnisß&yrbs´mdækuNÐlI
kñúgevlabc©Úsm&ynaéf¶ena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaK esþcecj
GMBIRB¼mhakruNasmabtþi RTgRbemIlemIlnUvstVelakeday
BuT§ckçú edIm,IEsVgrkBYkstVGñkmanepABgß EdlRB¼Gg:Kb,I
ENnaMán EdlmankuslmUlekIteLIg ehIymanGFikar
EdláneFVITukehIykñúgRB¼BuT§Gg:mun@ ánRTgpßaysMNaj
KWRB¼jaNeTAkñúgmuWncRkvaL .
mdækuNÐlImaNB ánRákdB§d¾xagkñúgsMNaj KWRB¼
jaN kalEdlxøÜnedkenAB§d¾xageRkApÞ¼ena¼Ég .
RB¼sasþa TteXIjmdækuNÐlIehIy RTgRCabfa RBahμN_
EdlCabitanaMbuRtecjGMBIxagkñúgpÞ¼ ehIy[edkB§d¾xageRkA
pÞ¼ena¼ RTgBicarNafa kalEdltfaKtyageTAkanTIena¼
²nwgmanRbeyaCn_xø¼Edr¦eThñ+³ kMBugRTgBicarNaena¼Ég k¾
-58- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
áneXIjehtuen¼fa ²maNBena¼nwgjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfa-
Kt eFVIkalkiriyaehIynwgekItkñúgviman maskMBs´ 30 eyaCn_
kñúgtavtþigßeTvelak mannageTBGbßrCabrivar 1000 . cMENk
RBahμN_eRbImnusß[dutsaksBkUnena¼ehIy yMedIreTAkan´
TIdutena¼ . eTvbuRtnwgrmilemIlnUvGtþPaBkMBs 3 Kavut
EdlRbdab´edayeRKÓgGlg;arTm¶n 60 reT¼ mannageTBGbßr
Cabrivar 1000 Kitfa ²sirIsm,tþien¼eyIgánedaykm μGVIhñ+ ³ ?
dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ándwgfa ánedaycitþRC¼føacMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt
Kitfa ²bitaminGeBa¢IjeBTümkpßMfñaM[dl´eyIg eRBa¼xøacERkg
RTBünwgGs´eTA }LÚven¼ eTAkanáqaERskyM/ eyIgnwgeFVIKat´
[dl´Rbkard¾Ebøk³ dUecñ¼ehIy edaykarfñaMgfñakcMeBa¼bita k¾
nim μitxøÜndUcmdækuNÐlImaNB mkeFVIdUcCaERskyMkñúgTICit
áqa . eBlena¼ RBahμN_nwgsYrmaNBena¼fa ²ÉgCa
nrNa³ k¾Ráb´fa ¹CamdækuNÐlImaNB buRtrbs´elak .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -59-
RBahμN_¿ ÉgeTAekItkñúgPBNa ?
eTvbuRt¿ kñúgPBtavtþigß .
kalRBahμN_sYrfa ²eRBa¼eFVIkm μGVI ³ ? eKnwgRáb´fa eK
júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼tfaKt . RBahμN_nwgsYrtfaKtfa kar
júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼Gg: ( bu¨eNÑa¼ ) ehIy eTAekItkñúgeTv-
elakmanEdr¦³ ? eBlena¼ tfaKtnwgeqøIyRáb´RBahμN_fa
²minmannrNaGacnwgkMNtedaykarrab´ánfa manRbmaN
b¨ueNѼry ¦bu¨eNѼBan ¦k¾bu¨eNѼEsneLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy nwg
sEmþgKafakñúgFm μbT . kñúgkalcb´Kafa karRtas´dwgFm’’nwg
mandl´stV 84000 mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRtnwgánCaesatabnñ/
sUm,IGTinñbuBVkRBahμN_k¾dUcKñaEdr . GaRs&ykulbuRten¼ kar
bUCaFm’’CaeRcInnwgmanedayRbkardUecñ¼/ kñúgéf¶EsðkeLIgRTg
bdibtþi ( CRm¼ ) RB¼srIr£eRscehIy EdlmanPikçúsgÇmYy
BYkFMEhhm esþccUleTAkanRkúgsavtSIedIm,IbiNÐát esþc
-60- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
yagdl´TVarpÞ¼rbs´RBahμN_edaylMdab´ .
mdækuNÐlIjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼BuT§Cam©as
RKaena¼ mdækuNÐlImaNB kMBugedkEbrmuxeTAxagkñúg
pÞ¼ . RB¼sasþaRTgRCabfa mdækuNÐlImineXIjRB¼Gg:/ eTIb
ánpßayRB¼rs μIeTAmYyBüam . maNBKitfa ²BnøWen¼CaBnWøGVI³ ?
eTIbERbRtLb´mk eXIjRB¼sasþaehIy Kitfa ²eyIgGa-
Rs&ybitaEdlCamnusßGn§Bal eTIbmináncUleTAKal´RB¼
BuT§Cam©as´Ebben¼ edIm,IeFVIesckIþxVl´xVayedaykay ¦fVay
Tan ¦sþab´Fm’’/ }LÚven¼sUm,IEtédTaMgBIrxagrbs´eyIgk¾elIk
minrYc . kic©EdlGjKYreFVIy¨agdéTminman³ dUecñ¼ehIy án
júaMgcitþbu¨eNÑa¼[RC¼føa .
eRBa¼citþRC¼føaeFVIkalkiriyaeTAekItkñúgeTvelak
RB¼sasþaRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²karEdlmaNBen¼ júaMgcitþ
[RC¼føacMeBa¼tfaKtmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼlμmehIy³ k¾esþcRTg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -61-
ecosecjeTA kalRB¼tfaKtl¼bgnUvKnøgckçúbu¨eNÑa¼/ ma-
NBena¼mancitþRC¼føaeFVIkalkiriyaehIy hakdUcCalkehIy
RtLb´PJakeLIg eTAekItkñúgvimanmaskMBs´RbmaN 30 eyaCn_
kñúgeTvelak .
RBahμN_xßwkxßÜldlbuRt
cMENkRBahμN_eRbI[eKdutsaksBkUnena¼ehIy Kit
EtBIxßwkxßÜldl´buRt KateTAkanáqaral´@éf¶ yMpg erobrab´
pgfa ²kUnsmøajrbs´BukenATINa ? kUnsmøajrbs´BukenA
TINa ³ ?
eTvbuRtnimμitkayeTArkRBah μN_
eTvbuRtena¼ RkeLkemIlsm,tþirbs´xøÜnehIy Kitfa
²sm,tþien¼etIeyIgánedaykm μGVI ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾dwg
fa ²ánedaycitþEdlRC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbKit
teTAfa ²RBahμN_en¼kñúgkalEdleyIgminsb,ay ( manCm¶W )
-62- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
minánGeBa¢IjeBTümkBüaáleT/ }LÚven¼ eTAkanáqaERsk
yM/ eyIgKYrEteFVIKat[dl´nUvRbkard¾Ebøk³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾nim μit
xøÜndUcmdækuNÐlImaNB Qr{bédyMkñúgTIminq¶ayGMBIáqa .
eTvbuRtnigRBahμN_áneqøIyqøgKña
RBahμN_eXIjGakarena¼ehIy k¾Kitfa ²eyIgyMeRBa¼
esaksþayGaela¼Gal&ybuRt/ k¾maNBena¼yMRtÚvkarGVIEdr ?
eyIgnwgsYreKemIl_ ³ dUecñ¼ehIy kalnwgsYr áneBalKafa
en¼fa ½
²GñkRbdab´tubEtgehIy dUcmdækuNÐlI manPar£ KW
kRmgp;amanxøÜnd¾x<s´eLIg edaykareRá¼RBMeday
xøwmcnÞn_manBN’’Rkhm/ Qr{bédTaMgBIrknÞkkenÞj
enAkNþaléRB etIekItTukçerOgGVI ³ ?
maNBeqøIyfa ½
²ragénrfeFVIedaymasd¾PWøepøk ( CaEdnpßayecjén
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -63-
rs μI ) ekIteLIgehIydl´¹/ ¹minánnUvKUénkgedIm,I
ragénrfena¼ ¹nwgminmanCIvit eRBa¼esckIþTukçena¼ ³ .
RKaena¼RBahμN_ánniyaynwgmaNBena¼fa ½
²mñalmaNBd¾ceRmIn KUénkgena¼ eTa¼bIseRmceday
maskIþ seRmcedayEkvmNIkIþ seRmcedayelah£
kIþ seRmcedayRákkIþ GñkcUrRáb´¹mkcu¼/ ¹nwgjúaMg
Gñk[ánKUénkgena¼ ³ .
maNBánsþab´nUvBaküena¼ehIy Kitfa ½
²RBahμN_en¼mineFVIfñaM[dl´buRtehIy lu¼mkeXIj
eyIgmanrUbragdUcbuRtrbs´xøÜnkMBugyM k¾niyayfa
eyIgnwgeFVIkgénrf EdlseRmcedaymasCaedIm[
eNHIycu¼ eyIgnwgp©ajp©alKat³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIb
eBalfa ²elaknwgeFVIKUénkg[dl´¹FMbu¨NÑa ? ³ kal
RBahμN_ena¼eBalfa etIGñkRtÚvkarTMhMbu¨nμaneTA³
-64- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eTIbRáb´fa ½
²¹RtÚvkarRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitüTaMgBIrdYg elakEdl
¹sUmehIy emtþa[nUvRB¼GaTitü nigRB¼c&nÞTaMgBIr
ena¼dl´¹cu¼³ .
maNBena¼eBalteTAeTotfa ½
²RB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitürugerOgkñúgvifITaMgBIr rfrbs¹
seRmcehIyedaymas rEmglðsmnwgKUénkgena¼³ .
lMdab´ena¼RBahμN_niyaynwgmaNBfa ½
²mñalmaNB GñkRáfñarbsEdlminKYrRáfña Ca
mnusßl¶gexøAeBkehIy ¹yl´fa GñkRáfñarhUt
dl´søab´k¾nwgminánRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitüTaMgBIr
ena¼eLIy³ .
xN£ena¼ maNBk¾ánniyayeTAkanRBahμN_ena¼fa
²k¾buK:lGñkyM RtÚvkarvtSúEdlRákdCamnusßl¶gexøA ¦fa
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -65-
buK:lGñkyM RtÚvkarvtSúEdlminRákdCamnusßl¶gexøA ³ ? dUecñ¼
ehIy eTIbeBalKafafa ½
²sUm,IkareTA nigkarmkrbs´RB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitük¾
Rákd vNÑFatuKWrs μIénRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitük¾Rá-
kdenAkñúgvifITaMgBIr ( cMENk ) CnEdleFVIkalkiriya
eTAehIy nrNak¾mineXIj/ bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrEdl
CaGñknÞkkenÞjenAkñúgTIen¼ etInrNaCamnusßl¶g
exøACagnrNa ³ ?
RBahμN_ylRBmcu¼cajehIysresIreTvbuRt
RBahμN_sþab´Baküena¼ehIy Kitkñúgfa ²maNBen¼
niyayRtÚv³ eTIbeBalKafafa ½
²mñalmaNBd¾ceRmIn GñkniyayBaküen¼ RtwmRtÚv
ehIy bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrEdlCaGñkknÞkkenÞj ( enA
kñúgTIen¼ ¹Camnusßl¶gexøACag ¹cgánbuRtEdl
-66- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eFVIkalkiriyaeTAehIymkvij dUcTarkyMcgánRB¼c&nÞ³.
dUecñ¼ehIy CaGñkGs´esckIþesakeRBa¼Bakürbs´ma-
NBena¼/ kalnwgsresIrmaNBáneBalKafaTaMgen¼fa ½
²GñkmkeRsacrMltnUv¹ EdlCaGñkRtÚvePIøgKWesckIþ
esakduteralralehIy dUcbuK:lrMltePIøgEdleq¼
qñaMgeRbgedayTwk/ ¹rEmgjúaMgesckIþRkvl´Rkvay
TaMgBYg[rltán elakbenÞabgesckIþesakdl´
butþrbs´¹¡EdlesckIþesakRKbsg;tehIy ándk
kUnsr KWesckIþesakEdlcakedath¬T&yrbs¹
ecján ¹ena¼CaGñkmankUnsr Edlelakdkecj
ehIy CaGñkRtCaks¶b´rm¶ab´ehIy/ mñalmaNB
¹minesakesA minyMeRBa¼ánsþab´Bakürbs´Gñk³ .
RBahμN_saksYreTvbuRt
RKaena¼ RBah μN_kalnwgsYreTvbuRtfa ²GñkeQμa¼GVI ?³
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -67-
eTIbeBalKafafa ½
²mñalGñkd¾ceRmIn GñkCaeTvta ¦k¾CaKn§B ¦faCa
burinÞTsk;eTvraC/ GñkeQμa¼GVI ? CabuRtrbs´Gñk
Na ? eFVIdUcemþceTA eTIb¹áns:al´Gñk³ ?
RKaena¼ maNBRábRBahμN_ena¼fa ½
²GñkdutbuRtNa kñúgéRBs μsanxøÜnÉg ehIyrEmg
knÞkkenÞj nigyMrkbuRtNa buRtena¼KW¹ eFVIkusl-
kmμehIydl´nUvPaBCasmøajrbs´eTvtaCantavtþigß .
RBahμN_áneBalfa ½
²kalGñk[Tantic ¦eRcInkñúgpÞ¼rbs´xøÜn ¦rkßa
«eásfkmμ ¦k¾eFVInUvGMeBIEdlCakuslÉNanImYy
ena¼ ¹minEdleXIjeLIy/ GñkeTAkaneTvelak
áneRBa¼kmμGVI ³ ?
maNBáneBalfa ½
-68- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
²¹maneraKQWlMák mankayrsab´rsl´ enAkñúgpÞ¼
rbs´xøÜn/ ¹áneXIjRB¼BuT§EdlCaGñkRásFUlI KWki-
els/ RB¼Gg:qøgputesckIþsgß&yehIy esþcyag
eTAedaylð manRB¼RáCJaminefakfy/ ¹ena¼CaGñkman
citþrIkrayehIy mancitþRC¼føaehIy ánfVaynUv
GBa¢lIcMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt .
¹áneFVIkuslkm μena¼ehIy eRkayGMBIcuti k¾ánCa
smøajrbs´BYkeTvtaCan´tavtþigß³ .
RBahμN_dlRB¼BuT§CasrN£
kalmaNBena¼ kMBugniyayerobrab´ena¼Ég srIr£TaMg
Gs´rbs´RBahμN_k¾eBareBjedaybIti . RBahμN_ena¼ kal
nwgRbkasbItiena¼ eTIbeBalfa ½
²KYrGs©arüNas´hñ+ KYr[cEmøkNas´hñ+ viákénkar
eFVInUvGBa¢lIkm μen¼ RbRBwtþeTAándUecñ¼ sUm,I¹mancitþ
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -69-
rIkrayehIy mancitþRC¼føaehIy dl´RB¼BuT§CasrN£
kñúgéf¶en¼Ég ³ .
eTvbuRt[{vaTRBah μN_ehIyk¾átxøÜneTA
RKaena¼ maNBáneBalnwgRBahμN_fa ½
²elakcUrCaGñkmancitþRC¼føaehIy dl´RB¼BuT§ RB¼Fm’’
nigRB¼sgÇ CasrN£taMgBIéf¶en¼eTAcu¼ elakcUrCa
GñkmancitþRC¼føayagena¼ ehIysmaTansikçabT 5 kuM
[dacFøú¼Føay/ cUrRbjab´evorcakáNatát ( kar
smøab´stV ) cUrevorcakrbs´Edlm©as´eKminTan[
kñúgelak/ cUrkuMpwkTwkRsvwg/ cUrkuMniyaykuhk/ nigcUr
CaGñkeBjcitþcMeBa¼EtPriyarbs´xøÜncu¼ ³ .
RBahμN_TTYlfa ²lðehIy ³ ánPasitKafaTaMgen¼fa ½
²mñalykß GñkCaGñkRáfñaRbeyaCn_dl´¹/ mñal
eTvtaGñkCaGñkRáfñanUvvtSúEdlCa«bkar£dl´¹/ ¹nwg
-70- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eFVI ( tam ) Bakürbs´Gñk/ GñkCaGacarürbs´¹/ ¹
sUmdl´RB¼BuT§CasrN£pg/ ¹sUmdl´RB¼Fm’’Edl
minmanvtSúdéTéRkElgCag CasrN£pg/ ¹sUm
dlRB¼sgÇrbsRB¼BuT§ EdlCamnusßlðBiess
BiessdUceTvtafaCasrN£pg/ ¹m©as´nwgRbjab´
evorcakáNatiát/ evorcakkarkanykRTBüsm,tþi
Edlm©as´eKminTan[kñúgelak/ minpwkTwkRsvwg/ min
niyaykuhk/ nigCaGñkeBjcitþcMeBa¼Priyarbs´xøÜn³ .
xN£ena¼ eTvbuRteBalnwgRBahμN_fa ²mñalRBahμN_
RTBükñúgpÞ¼rbs´elakmaneRcIn/ sUmelakcUleTAKal´RB¼-
sasþa ehIyfVayTan cUrsþab´Fm’’ cUrsYrbBaHa³ dUecñ¼ehIy
k¾átGMBITIena¼eTA .
RBahμN_fVayTancMeBa¼RB¼BuT§
cMENkRBahμN_ eTApÞ¼ehIy ehAnagRBahμNImk
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -71-
niyayfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn ¹nwgnimnþRB¼smNeKatm ehIy
TUlsYrbBaHa/ nagcUreRtómeRKÓgsk;ar£cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTAkan
vihar minfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa mineFVIbdisNæar£ QrenAkñúgTI
d¾smKYrmYy ehIyRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn sUm
RB¼Gg:RBmTaMgRB¼PikçúsgÇ emtþaRTgGnueRKa¼TTYlPtþrbs´¹
RB¼Gg:edIm,Iesaykñúgéf¶en¼³ .
RB¼sasþaRTgTTYledaytuNHIPaB . RBahμN_ándwg
fa RB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIy eTIbmkkanpÞ¼edayrh&s eRbI
mnusß[catEcgxaTnIyePaCnIyahar edIm,IfVaycMeBa¼RB¼-
sasþa . RB¼sasþa EdlBYkPikçúsgÇEhhmehIy esþcyag
eTAkanpÞ¼RBahμN_ena¼ RTgKgelIGasn£EdleKRkalTuk .
RBahμN_Gg:asRB¼sasþaRBmTaMgPikçúsgÇedayeKarB . mha
CnRbCuMKña . án|fa kalRB¼tfaKtEdlRBah μN_micäaTidæi
nimnþehIy BYkCnBIrBYkEtgmkRbCuMKña KWBYkCnEdlCamicäaTidæi
-72- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RbCuMKñaedaytaMgcitþfa ²éf¶en¼BYkeyIgnwgrgcaMemIlRB¼smN
eKatm EdlRtÚvRBahμN_ebotebonedaykarsYrbBaHa³ BYkCn
EdlCasm μaTidæiRbCuMKñaedaytaMgcitþfa ²éf¶en¼BYkeyIgnwgrgcaM
emIlBuT§vis&y BuT§lIla³ .
RKaena¼ RBahμN_cUleTAKal´RB¼tfaKt EdlRTgeFVI
Ptþkic©eRscehIy Gg:úyelIGasn£Tab ánTUlsYrbBaHafa
²bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn manEdr¦eTcMeBa¼BYkCnEdlminán
fVayTancMeBa¼RB¼Gg: minánbUCaRB¼Gg: minánsþab´Fm’’ min
ánrkßa«eásfesa¼ áneTAekItkñúgzansYK’edayRtwmEtcitþ
RC¼føaEtmü¨agbu¨eNÑa¼ ³ ?
s¿ mñalRBahμN_ ehtudUcemþc eTIbGñkmksYrtfaKt
karEdlbuK:ljúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfaKtehIy ekItkñúgzansYK’
EdlmdækuNÐlICabuRtrbs´GñkánRáb´GñkehIy minEmn¦ ?
B¿ bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn kalNa ?
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -73-
s¿ éf¶EdlGñkxßwkxßÜleTAkanéRBs μsan GñkeXIjmaNB
mñakQr{bédknÞkkenÞjenAkñúgTIminq¶ayehIysYrfa ½
²GñkRbdab´tubEtgehIydUcmdækuNÐlI manPar£KWkRmg
p;a manxøÜnrugerOgedayxøwmcnÞn_Rkhm³ .
dUecñ¼CaedIm minEmn¦ ? kalnwgRTgRbkasBaküEdl
CnTaMgBIrnakeBalehIy ánRtas´erOgmdækuNÐlI . eRBa¼
dUecña¼ erOgmdækuNÐlIena¼ eTIbáneQμa¼fa CaBuT§Pasit .
kalRB¼sasþaRtas´erOgmdækuNÐlIena¼ehIy eTIbRtas´fa
²mñalRBahμN_ minEmnmanEtmYyry ¦BIrryeT edayBit
karrab´BYkstV EdljúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfaKtehIy ekItkñúg
zansYK’rEmgrabminán³ . mhaCnánCaGñkekItesckIþsgß&y
eLIg xN£ena¼ RB¼sasþaRTgRCabkarEdlmhaCnena¼min
TanGsesckIþsgß&y ánRTgGFidæanfa ²sUmmdækuNÐlIeTvbutþ
cUrmkRBmCamYynwgviman³ . mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRt EdlRbdab´
-74- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
ehIyedayeRKÓgGaPrNTiBV kMBs´RbmaN 3 Kavut át
GMBIeTvelak mkkansmñakRB¼manRB¼PaKRBmCamYynwgviman
cu¼mkGMBIvimanfVaybg:MRB¼sasþaehIy QrenAkñúgTId¾smKYr
mYy .
xN£ena¼ RB¼sasþakalnwgRtas´sYreTvbuRtfa ²Gñk
eFVIkm μGVI eTIbánsm,tþiEbben¼³ ánRtasRB¼Kafafa ½
²eTvta GñkmankaylðéRkElgNas´ QrjúaMgTis
TaMgBYg[PWøsVag dUcp;ayRBwk/ mñaleTvtaGñkman
GanuPaBeRcIn tfaKtsuMsYrGñk ( kal ) GñkCamnusß
áneFVIbuNüGVITuk³ .
eTvbuRtRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sm,tþien¼¹
RB¼Gg: ánehIy eRBa¼júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼Gg:³ .
s¿ sm,tþien¼GñkánehIy eRBa¼júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfa-
Kt¦ ?
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -75-
T¿ RB¼kruNa RB¼Gg: .
mhaCnRkeLkemIleTvbuRtehIy ánRbkasesckIþ
eRtkGrfa ²En+ Gñkd¾ceRmInTaMgLay BuT§KuNGs©arüBitEmn
hñ+ buRtrbs´RBahμN_eQ μa¼ GTinñbuBVk£ mináneFVIbuNüGVI @
yagdéTeLIy RKanjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa k¾ánsm,tþi
Ebben¼³ .
citþCaFMkñúgkmμRKby¨ag
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´eTAkanBYkCnTaMgena¼fa ²kñúg
kareFVIkm μEdlCakusl nigGkusl citþCaRbFan citþCaFM/
eRBa¼fa km μEdleFVIedaycitþEdlRC¼føaehIy rEmgminl¼bg´
buK:lGñkeTAkaneTvelak mnusßelak dUcCaRsemaldUecña¼³
lu¼Rtas´erOgen¼ehIy RB¼Gg:EdlCaFm μraCa ánRtas´RB¼
Kafaen¼bnþGnusn§i dUcRbfab´RB¼raCsasn_ EdlmanRtaRbcaM
TukehIy edayRB¼Kafafa ½
-76- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
2 menabuBVg:ma Fm μa menaesdæa menamya
mnsa ec bsenñn Pasti va kerati va
teta nM suxmenVti qaya v GnuáyinI .
Fm’’TaMgLay mancitþCaRbFan mancitþRbesIr
bMput seRmcGMBIcitþ ebIbuK:lmancitþRC¼føaehIy
eBalkIþ eFVIkIþ ( nUvsucrit ) eRBa¼sucritTaMgena¼
suxrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼eTA dUcRsemal
GenÞaltamRáN .
GFib,ayKafa
citþEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmiTaMg 4 mankamavcrPUmiCaedIm
RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´ehAfa ²mena³ kñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ edaymin
EbøkKñak¾BitEmnehIy/ b¨uEnþkalkMNtykcitþkñúgbTen¼ rEmg
ándl´citþCakamavcrkusl 8 dYg/ k¾kaleBaledayGMNac
vtSú rEmgándl´citþEdlRbkbedayjaN RbRBwtþeTARBmnwg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -77-
esamnsßGMBIkamavcrkuslcitþ 4 dYg bu¨eNÑa¼ .
bTfa buBVg:ma esckIþfa RbkbCamYynwgcitþEdlCa
sPav£ RbRBwtþeTAmunena¼ xn§ 3 manevTnaxn§CaedIm eQ μa¼fa
Fm’’ . BitNas´ citþCaRbFanrbs´GrUbkçn§TaMg 3 manevTnaxn§
CaedImena¼ eTIbeBaledayGtS KWCabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[
ekIteLIg eRBa¼ehtuena¼ xn§TaMg 3 Rbkarena¼ eTIbeQ μa¼faman
citþCaRbFan . dUc«TahrN_fa kalTaykCaeRcInkMBugeFVI
buNü manRbeKnbiNÐát nigcIvrCaedImdl´PikçúsgÇmYyBYk
FMkIþ manbUCad¾éRkElg nigsþab´Fm’’ ehIydutRbTIbeFVIsk;ar£
edaykMrgp;aCaedImkIþ kalmanGñksYrfa ²nrNaCaRbFanén
TaykTaMgena¼³ TaykNaCabc©&yrbsBYkeK/ KWBYkeKGaRs&y
TaykNa eTIbeFVIbuNüTaMgena¼án/ Taykena¼eQμa¼tisߣ
k¾eday eQμa¼busߣk¾eday CMnuMCnrEmgehAfa CaRbFanrbs´
BYkeK³ y¨agNamij Bakü«bemyüEdlCaeRKÓgjúaMgesckIþ
-78- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
[dl´RBm bNiÐitKb,IRCabdUecñ¼ . citþeQ μa¼faCaRbFan
énFm’’TaMgena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[ekIt
eLIgedayRbkardUecñ¼/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbFm’’TaMgen¼Ég eQ μa¼
fa mancitþCaRbFan/ BitNas´ Fm’’TaMgena¼kalcitþminekIt
eLIg k¾minGacnwgekIteLIgán cMENkcitþ kalectsikxø¼
minekIteLIg k¾ekIteLIgánEdr . citþmaneQμa¼fa CaFMCagFm’’
TaMgena¼ eRBa¼edayGMNacCaGFibtI eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbFm’’TaMg
ena¼eQμa¼fa mancitþCaFM . mü¨ageTot vtSúTaMgLayena¼@ sMerc
ehIyGMBIvtSú manmasCaedIm k¾eQμa¼faseRmcehIyGMBImas
CaedIm y¨agNamij/ sUm,IFm’’TaMgena¼ k¾áneQ μa¼fa sMerc
ehIyGMBIcitþ eRBa¼CarbsEdlseRmcmkGMBIcitþ dUecña¼ .
bTfa bsenñn esckIþfa RC¼føaehIyedayKuNTaMg-
Lay mankarminsmøwgrMéBCaedIm .
BIrbTfa Pasti va kerati va esckIþfa buK:lmancitþ
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -79-
Ebben¼ kalnwgniyay rEmgniyayEtsucrit 4 y¨ag kal
nwgeFVI rEmgeFVIEtsucirt 3 yag kalminniyay kalmineFVI
rEmgeFVIEtmenasucrit 3 y¨ag [eBjbribUN’ eRBa¼karEdl
xøÜnCaGñkmancitþRC¼føapUrpgehIyedayKuNTaMgLay man
GnPiCÄaCaedImena¼ . kuslkm μbf 10 rbs´buK:lena¼
rEmgdlkareBjbribUN’edayRbkary¨agen¼ .
áTRB¼Kafafa teta nM suxmenVti esckIþfa esckIþ
suxrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼eTA eRBa¼sucrit 3 y¨agena¼ .
kuslTaMg 3 PUmi RB¼manRB¼PaKRáfñaykehIykñúgTIen¼/
eRBa¼dUecña¼ bNiÐtKb,IRCabkarGFib,ayfa ²esckIþsuxEdl
Capl EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ ( edaybri-
yayen¼ ) fa esckIþsuxmankayCaTItaMgxø¼ esckIþsuxman
citþCaTItaMgxø¼rEmgCab´tameTA KWfa rEmgminl¼bgbuK:lena¼
EdlekItehIykñúgsuKtiPBkIþ taMgenAkñúgTIEdlesaysuxkñúg
-80- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
suKtikIþ eRBa¼GanuPaBénsucritEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmi 3 man
BaküsYrs‘kcUlmkfa ²dUcGVI³ eqøIyfa ²dUcRsemalEdlman
RbRktIGenÞaleTAtamRáN³ dUcmanGFib,ayfa FmμtaRsemal
Carbs´Cab´nwgsrIr£ kalsrIr£edIreTA vak¾eTAEdr/ kalsrIr£
Qb´ vak¾Qb´/ kalsrIr£Gg:úy vak¾Gg:úyEdr/ minmannrNa
GacnwgsþIfavaedayBaküTn´PønkIþ edayBaküeRKatRKatkIþ fa
²ÉgcUrRtLb´eTAvij ¦évehIy[RtLb´eTAviján³ eLIy sYr
fa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI³ eqøIyfa eRBa¼vaCarbs´Cab´nwgsrIr£ y¨agNa
mij esckIþsuxEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ
mankamavcrsuxCaedIm mankusl KWkuslkm μbf 10 Rbkar
en¼ EdlbuK:lRbRBwtþmkehIy nigRbRBwtþlðehIy CamUl Ca
¬sKl´ rEmgminl¼bg ( buK:lena¼ ) kñúgTIEdlbuK:lena¼
eTAehIy@ dUcRsemalGenÞaleTAtamRáN .
kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa karRtas´dwgFm’’ mandl´BYkstV
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -81-
84000 mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRttaMgenAkñúgRB¼esatabtþipl/ GTinñ-
buBVkRBahμN_k¾dUcKñaEdr . Kat´ánsabeRBa¼RTBüsm,tþid¾
eRcInkñúgRB¼BuT§sasna edayRbkar dUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgmdækuNÐlI cb´ )
r o s
3 erOgRB¼tisߣ
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§RB¼efr£
eQ μa¼ tisߣ ánRtas´nUvRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²Gekacäi mM
GvFi mM³ CaedIm .
RB¼tisßetSrCaGñkTUnμanlMák nig RbkanxøÜn
án|mkfa RB¼tisßetSrena¼ Ca{rsénRB¼matucäarbs´
RB¼manRB¼PaK ( RB¼Gg:m©as´mIgxagmata ) bYskñúgkalénxøÜn
Camnusßcas´ briePaKlaPsk;ar£ EdlekIteLIgkñúgRB¼BuT§-
sasna manragkayFMFat mancIvrEdlbuK:ldMTUeTA nigdM
RtLb´ehIy edayeRcInGg:úykñúg«bdæansala . PikçúGaKnþúk£
TaMgLaymk edIm,IRbeyaCn_nwgKalRB¼tfaKt eTAkansmñak
rbs´elakedaysm:al´fa ²en¼CaRB¼mhaefr£³ dUecñ¼ehIy
sYrdl´vtþ sYrdl´kic©KYreFVI manRcác´eCIgCaedIm . elak
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -83-
Gg:úyes¶óm .
RKaena¼ PikçúkMela¼mYyGg:sYrelakfa ²elakmanvsßa
bu¨nμan³ ? elakeqøIyfa ²minTanmanvsßaeT ¹RB¼kruNabYs
kñúgkalEdlxøÜnCamnusßcas³ eTIbeBalfa mñalGavuesa Gñk
CamnusßEdleKRbedAánedayRk Gñkmins:al´RbmaNrbs´
xøÜn/ GñkeXIjRB¼mhaefr£manRbmaNbu¨eNѼehIy mineFVIvtþ
sUm,IEtsamIcikm μ kalRB¼efr£TaMgena¼sYrdl´vtþedayeGIeBI
elakGg:úyes¶óm/ sUm,IRtwmEtkarreg:ós k¾minmandl´elak³
dUecñ¼ eTIbRbharnUvRmaméd . elakjúaMgxtþiyman¼[ekIteLIg
ehIysYrfa ²BYkelakmkkan´smñakGñkNa³ ? kalGaKnþúk-
PikçúTaMgena¼eqøIyfa ²mkkansmñakrbs´RB¼sasþa³ eTIbeBal
fa ²BYkelaks μanfa¹CanrNa ¹nwgkatPaBCasmN£rbs´
BYkelakecj[Tal´Etán³ dUecñ¼ehIy ekItTukç minsuxcitþ
yMedIreTAkansmñak´rbs´RB¼sasþa .
RB¼tisߣTUlerOgcMeBa¼RB¼sasþa
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrelakfa ²mñaltisߣ eRBa¼
ehtuGVI eTIbGñkekItTukç GakGncitþ manmuxTTwkedayTwkEPñk
ERskyM mkkansmñak´rbs´tfaKt³ . cMENkPikçúTaMgena¼ ( KW
PikçúGaKnþúk£ ) Kitfa ²Pikçúena¼GaceTAeFVInUvGMeBIEdlminKb,IGVI
mYy³ dUecñ¼ eTIbeTACamYynwgRB¼tisߣena¼Edr fVaybg:MRB¼-
sasþaehIy Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼tisߣena¼ Edl
RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrehIy ánRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn
PikçúTaMgen¼eCr¹RB¼Gg:³ .
s¿ mñaltisߣ etIGñkÉgGg:úyenATINa ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:Kgkñúg«bdæansala .
s¿ eBlEdlPikçúTaMgen¼mk GñkÉgáneXIjEdr¦eT ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:eXIj .
s¿ etIGñkáneRkakeLIgTTYlEdr¦eT ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mináneFVIeT .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -85-
s¿ etIGñkÉgánsYredayeGIeBI dl´karTTYlbrikçarrbs´
PikçúTaMgena¼Edr¦eT ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minánsYredayeGIeBIeT .
s¿ GñkánsYredayeGIeBI dl´Fm μTMenom ¦Twkqan´Edr¦eT ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minánsYredayeGIeBIeT .
s¿ etIGñkÉgmannaMGasn£mkehIy eFVIkarRcáceCIg[
Edr¦eT ?
t¿ bBiRtRB¼d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mináneFVIeT .
RB¼tisߣminRBmsUmxmaeTasPikçúsgÇ
s¿ mñaltisߣ vtþTaMgBYgena¼ GñkKYreFVIdl´Pikçúcas´ .
kalEdlGñkmineFVIvtþTaMgBYgena¼ehIy Gg:úyenAkñúgvihar min
smKYreLIy/ eTasrbs´GñkÉgman . GñkÉgcUrsUmeTasPikçú
TaMgLayena¼cu¼ .
t¿ bBiRtRBGg:d¾ceRmIn PikçúTaMgen¼áneCr¹RB¼Gg: ¹RB¼Gg:
-86- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr
minsUmxmaeTaseT .
s¿ mñaltisߣ GñkkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy eTasrbs´
Gñkman GñkcUrsUmeTasPikçúTaMgena¼cu¼ .
t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minRBmsUmeTasPikçú
TaMgen¼eT .
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa kalPikçúTaMgLayRkabTUlfa ²bBiRt
RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼tisߣen¼CaGñkTUnμanánedaykRm³ dUecñ¼
ehIy Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay tisߣen¼minEmnCaGñkEdl
eKTUnμanánedaykRmEtkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,Ikñúg
kalmun tisߣen¼k¾CaGñkTUnμanánedaykRmdUcKñaEdr³ kal
PikçúTaMgena¼RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:TaMg-
Lay RCabfaelakCaGñkTUnμanánedaykRm Etkñúgkal}LÚv
en¼bu¨eNÑa¼/ elakáneFVIkm μGVITukkñúgGtItkal³ dUecñ¼ehIy
k¾RTgnaMerOgGtIt£mk .
buBVkmμrbsRB¼tisߣ
kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTBaraNsI esayraCsm,tþi
enAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI/ mantabsmñakeQ μa¼ eTvil enAkñúghim-
vnþRbeTs 8 Ex RáfñanwgcUleTAGaRs&yRB¼nKr 4 Ex edIm,I
RtÚvkarnwgesBrséRb nigrsCUr eTIbecjcakhimvnþRbeTs
cUl eTAkanRB¼nKr CYbGñkyamTVarRB¼nKr eTIbsYrfa ²BYk
bBVCitEdlmkdlRB¼nKren¼ehIy EtgsRmakenATINa³ ? Gñk
yamTVarRB¼nKrRábfa ²kñúgeragnaysμÚnqñaMg elakm©as³ .
tabsena¼eTAkan´eragénsμÚnqñaMgehIy QreTobTVareBalfa
²ebIelakminF¶ncitþ ( mincegðótcgðl´citþ ) eT GatμasUmsRmak
enAkñúgeragen¼mYyyb´³ s μÚnqñaMgeBalfa ²eBlyb´kic©rbs´¹
kñúgeragen¼minmaneT/ eragFM/ nimnþelakenAtamsb,aycu¼³
dUecñ¼ehIy k¾fVayeragdltabsena¼ .
kalelakcUleTAGg:úyehIy mantabsmYyGg:eTot
eQ μa¼ narT£ mkGMBIhimvnþRbeTsEdr ánsuMs μÚnqñaMgsMrak
-88- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr
mYyraRtI . s μÚnqñaMgKitfa eyIgmindwgfa ²tabsGg:Edl
nimnþmkmunena¼ manesckþIsb,aynwgtabsGg:en¼Edr¦k¾Gt
eyIgmindwg/ eyIgnwgeda¼xøÜnecj³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbeBalfa
²ebItabsEdlcUleTAmunena¼eBjcitþ/ sUmelaksRmakenA
tamkareBjcitþéntabsGg:munena¼cu¼³ . narTtabscUleTA
rkeTviltabs ehIyeBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ebIelak
minF¶ncitþeT/ ¹sUmsRmakenAkñúgeragen¼mYyraRtIpg³ kaleT-
viltabseBalfa ²eragFM sUmelakcUleTAenAkñúgcMENkmYy
cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbcUleTAGg:úykñúgTImYy .
eTasénkaredkxuskEnøg
tabsTaMgBIrrUbena¼ niyayRáRs&yKña[ekItkarr\k
dl´KñanigKñaehIy/ kñúgevlaedk . narTtabskMNtTIedkén
eTviltabs nigTVarehIy eTIbedk . cMENkeTviltabs
kalnwgedk minánedkkñúgTIkEnøgrbsxÜøneT ( RtLb´ ) mkedk
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -89-
TTwgRtgkNþalTVar . narTtabskalecjeTAkñúgraRtI án
CanRtgCdarbseTviltabs . kalelakeBalfa nrNa
CaneyIg ³ ? narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ¹ ³ .
T¿ En Cdilekag ehtudUcemþc eTIbelakCanCdarbs
eyIg .
n¿ bBiRtelakGacarü ¹mindwgfa elakGacarüedkTI
en¼ sUmelakGacarüGteTas[¹pg . kalelakkMBugrGU‘
rTaMena¼Ég narTtabsk¾ánecjeTAxageRkA eTviltabseRkA
en¼Kitfa ²tabsrUben¼ cUlmkvijnwgKb,ICaneyIgeTot³
dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbedkRtLb´k,aleTAcugeCIgvij .
cMENknarTtabs kalnwgcUleTAKitfa ²kalBIdMbUg
eyIgáneFVIxusehIycMeBa¼elakGacarü/ }LÚven¼ eyIgcUleTA
tamcMENkéncugeCIgrbs´elakvij³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾edIrcUleTA
ánCan´RtgkrbseTviltabs/ kalelakeBalfa ² nrNa
-90- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr
hñwg³ ? eTIbeqøIyfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ¹³ kalelakeBal
fa ²En Cdilekag kalBIdMbUgelakCan´RtgCdarbseyIg
}LÚven¼ CanRtgkrbs´eyIgeTot eyIgnwgdakpþasaelak³
eTIbeBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü eTasrbs´minman/ ¹mindwg
faelakGacarü edkyagen¼/ ¹KitdUecñ¼fa kalBIdMbUgeyIg
áneFVIxusehIy/ }LÚven¼ eyIgnwgcUleTAtamcMENkéneCIg
rbs´elakvij dUecñ¼ sUmelakGt´eTas[¹pgcu¼ ³ .
tabsTaMgBIrnak´dak´pþasaKña
T¿ En Cdilekag eyIgnwgdakpþasaelak .
n¿ bBiRtelakGacarü elakkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy .
elakmineGIeBInwgBaküsmþIrbs´narTtabsena¼
enAEtcecsdakpþasanarTtabsena¼ ( edayKafafa ) ½
²RB¼GaTitümanrs μITaMgBan manetC£TaMgry man
RbRktIkm©atggwt/ lu¼RB¼GaTitür¼eLIgmkkñúgevla
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -91-
RBwk sUmk,alrbs´elakEbkecjCa 7 cMerok³ .
narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü eTasrbs¹
minman kal¹kMBugEteBal elakánpþasa . eTasrbs´
GñkNaman sUmk,alrbs´Gñkena¼Ebkcu¼/ rbs´GñkNaminman
cUrkuMEbkeLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy ándakpþasa ( edayKafa ) fa ½
²RB¼GaTitümanrs μITaMgBan manetC£TaMgry man
RbRktIkm©atggwt/ lu¼RB¼GaTitür¼eLIgmkkñúgevla
RBwk sUmk,alrbs´elakcUrEbkecjCa 7 cMENk³ .
k¾narTtabsena¼ manGanuPaBeRcIn Gacr\kCatián
80 kb, KWkñúgGtItkal 40 kb,/ kñúgGnaKtkal 40 kb, .
eRBa¼ehtuena¼ elakKitdUecñ¼fa ²etIbnþasanwgFøakeTAelInrNa
hñ+ ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾dwgfa nwgFøakeTAelIelakGacarü/
GaRs&yesckIþkruNacMeBa¼elakGacarü eTIbhamGruNkuM[
r¼eLIgedaykmøaMg¬T§i ³ .
RbCaCnekþARkhayrhUtdlRB¼raCa
GñknKr kalGruNminr¼eLIg k¾naMKñaeTAkanTVarRB¼raC
vaMg ehIyRkabTUlRB¼raCafa ²bBiRtRB¼sm μtieTB kalRB¼
Gg:RKb´RKgraCsm,tþi/ GruNminr¼eLIg sUmRB¼Gg: RTgemtþa
júaMgGruNr¼[eLIg edIm,I¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLaycu¼³ .
RB¼raCaRTgBicarNanUvcriyanuvtþi mankaykmμCaedIm
rbs´RB¼Gg: mineXIjnUvkm μEdlminsmKYrtictYcNa@ eLIy
eTIbRTgRB¼tRmi¼dUecñ¼fa ²etI manehtuGVIhñ+ ³ RTgreg:ósfa
²RákdCaBYkbBVCitvivaTKñaehIy ³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbRtas´sYrfa
²BYkbBVCit kñúgRB¼nKren¼manxø¼Edr¦eT³ ? kalmanGñkRkab
TUlfa bBiRtmharaC ²kalBIl¶acmßil manBYkbBVCitmkkan´
eragrbssμÚnqñaMg³ RB¼raCamanraCburskanKbePIøg esþceTA
kanTIena¼kñúgxN£ena¼Ég RTgfVaybg:MRB¼narTtabsehIy
RTgRbfab´enAkñúgTId¾smKYr ehIyRtas´sYrfa ½
²bBiRtRB¼narTtabs kargarTaMgLayénGñkCm<ÚTVIb
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -93-
rEmgRbRBwtþeTAminán/ elakekItggwtehIy eRBa¼
ehtuGVI ? elakEdl¹sYrehIy cUrRáb´nUvehtuena¼
dl¹³ .
narTtabs dMNalerOgTaMgGsfVayRB¼raCaehIy eBal
eTAkanRB¼raCafa ²fVayRB¼BrmharaC Gat μaPaB RtÚvtabs
rUben¼pþasaehIyedayehtuen¼ kalebIdUecñ¼ eTIbánpþasafa
²eTasrbs´¹minman/ BaküpþasacUrmandl´buK:lena¼cu¼³ lu¼
pþasaehIy eTIbKitfa ²etIeTasénkarpþasaen¼nwgmandlGñk
Nahñ+ ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾eXIjfa ²kalRB¼GaTitür¼eLIg
k,alrbs´GacarünwgEbkCa 7 cMENk dUecñ¼ehIy GaRs&y
esckIþGnueRKa¼cMeBa¼elak eTIbGatμaPaBTb´GruNmin[r¼
eLIg .
RB¼raCaRtas´sYrfa bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn etIeFVIy¨agNa
eTA edIm,I[elakrYcputGMBIGnþrayEbben¼ .
-94- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr
n¿ RbsinebIelaksUmeTasGatμaPaB elaknwgrYcput
GMBIGnþray .
r¿ ebIdUecña¼ elakcUrsUmeTascu¼ .
T¿ Cdilena¼CanGatμaPaBRtgCda nigRtgk GatμaPaB
minRBmsUmeTasCdilekagen¼eT .
r¿ bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn sUmelakcUrsUmeTasnarT-
tabscu¼ elakkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy .
eTviltabseBalfa ²GatμaPaB minRBmsUmeTaseT³
sUm,IRB¼raCaRtasfa ²ebIelakminsUmeTasnarTtabseT k,al
rbs´elaknwgEbkCa 7 cMerok³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾enAEtminRBm
sUmeTaseTot .
xN£ena¼ RB¼raCaRtas´nwgelakfa ²elakminRBmsUm
eTastamkareBjcitþrbs´xøÜn¦³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbbBa¢a[raC
burscab´eTviltabsena¼Rtg´éd/ RtgeCIg/ RtgeBa¼/ Rtgk[
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -95-
{ncu¼eTobáTmUl rbs´narTtabs .
narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtGacarü GeBa¢IjeRkakeLIg
cu¼ ¹RBmGteTas[dl´elakehIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy eBaleTA
kanRB¼raCafa ²fVayRB¼BrmharaC tabsrUben¼ minánsUm
eTasGatμaPaBtamkareBjcitþeT/ manRs¼enAminq¶ayGMBITI
en¼ sUmmharaCbBa¢a[elakQrTUlduMdIsðit RtaMTwkenAkñúg
Rs¼ena¼Rtwmkcu¼ . RB¼raCak¾bBa¢a[eFVIy¨agena¼ . narTtabs
ehAeTviltabsmkehIy eBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü kal
Na¹RBElg¬T§i ehIyBnøWRB¼GaTitütaMgeLIg/ elakKb,ImuC
cu¼kñúgTwk ehIyeTAegIbeLIgTIdéTcu¼³ duMdIsðitelIk,alrbs
eTviltabsena¼ lu¼rs μIénRB¼GaTitüBal´RtÚvehIyk¾EbkCa
7 cMerok/ eTviltabsena¼k¾muCcu¼eTAkan´TIdéT .
eBormins¶bedaykarcgeBor
RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mkehIy án
RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay RB¼raCakñúgkalena¼ ánmk
CaGannÞkñúgkal }LÚven¼/ eTviltabsánmkCatisߣ/ narT-
tabsánmkCaeyIgtfaKten¼Ég/ sUm,Ikñúgkalena¼ tisߣ
en¼k¾CaGñkEdleKTUnμanánedaykRmy¨agen¼Edr³ dUecñ¼ehIy
bBa¢a[ehAtisßetSrmkehIy Rtas´fa ²mñaltisߣ ebIPikçúNa
Kitfa eyIgRtÚvGñkÉeNa¼eCr RtÚvGñkÉeNa¼Rbhar RtÚvGñkÉ
eNa¼Qñ¼/ GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcRTBürbseyIgeTAehIy/ dUecñ¼
eBorrbs´Pikçúena¼mins¶b´eLIy/ EtkalPikçúmincUleTAcgeBor
y¨agena¼Tuk eBorrEmgs¶b´eTAán/ dUecñ¼ehIy ánRTg´
PasitRB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½
3 Gekacäi mM GvFi mM GCini mM Ghasi em
ey c tM «bnyHnþi evrM etsM n smμti
Gekacäi mM GvFi mM GCini mM Ghasi em
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -97-
ey c tM nUbnyHnþi evrM etsUbsm μti .
ebIGñkNacUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFena¼Tukfa GñkÉeNa¼
áneCrGj GñkÉeNa¼ánRbharGj GñkÉeNa¼án
p©ajGj GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBürbs´GjeTA
ehIy ( dUecñ¼ ) eBorrbs´Gñkena¼ minrm¶ab´eLIy .
GñkÉeNa¼áneCrGj GñkÉeNa¼ánRbharGj GñkÉ
eNa¼ánp©ajGj GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBürbs´
GjeTAehIy ebIGñkNamincUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFEbb
ena¼Tuk ( dUecñ¼ ) eBorrbs´Gñkena¼ eTIbs¶b´án .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa Gekacäi KWeCrehIy . bTfa
GvFi KWRbharehIy . bTfa GCini KWánQñ¼eyIgedaykar
GagsakßIekagxø¼ edaykareBalRbEkkxø¼ edaykareFVI[
éRkElgCagkareFVIxø¼ .
-98- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr
bTfa Ghasi KWGñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBüTaMgLay
mansMBtCaedIm .
BIrbTfa ey c tM CaedIm esckIþfa CnBYkNamYy
KWeTvta ¦mnusß RKhsS ¦bBVCit cUleTAcgesckIþeRkaF
fa ²GñkÉeNa¼áneCreyIg³ dUcBYkGñkbrreT¼ cgnwménreT¼
edayemkMRBa nigdUcBYkGñkRbmajcgvtSú manRtIsðúyCaedIm
edayvtSúTaMgLay mans,ÚvPøaMgCaedImerOy@ . eBorrbsCn
TaMgena¼ekIteLIgehIy rEmgmins¶b´ KWfarEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´
eLIy .
áTénRB¼Kafafa ey c tM nUbnyHnþi esckIþfa Cn
TaMgLayNamincUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFEbbena¼Tuk KWmanBakü
eCrCaedIm ¦edaykarminr\kdl´ nigkarmineFVITukkñúgcitþxø¼ ¦
edayGMNackarBicarNaeXIjkmμyagen¼fa ²GñkNamYyEdl
faCaGñkminmaneTas sUm,Ielakk¾Føab´eCreK RbhareK Føab´
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -99-
GagsakßIekagQñ¼eK FøablYcykRBTürbsGñkdéTEdr eRBa¼
dUecña¼ eBlen¼sUm,IelakminmankMhus ehIyánTTYlpl
EdlminKYrRáfña manBaküeCrCaedIm vasmKYrnwgkm μEdlGñk
áneFVIehIy³ dUecñ¼xø¼/ eBorrbs´CnTaMgena¼ sUm,IekItehIy
edayesckIþRbmaT rEmgs¶b´eTAánedaykarmincgnUvesckþI
eRkaFTuk dUcePIøgéRBmanrMkacGs´ehIy dUecña¼ .
kñúgkalcb´eTsna PikçúmYyEsn ánseRmcGriypl
TaMgLay manesatabtþiplCaedIm . RB¼Fm μeTsnaánCa
kfamanRbeyaCn_dl´mhaCnyageRcIn . RB¼tisßetSr Edl
CamnusßRbedARkena¼ k¾køayeTACamnusßRbedAgay >�
( erOgRB¼tisߣ cb´ )
r o s
4 erOgkarekIteLIgénnagykçinI
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTg´RárB§®sþI
Garmñak Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ² n hi evern evrani ³
CaedIm .
matarkPriya[buRt
án|mkfa buRtkudum<Ik_mñak kalbitaeFVImrNkaleTA
ehIy eFVInUvkic©kargarTaMgBYg TaMgkargarERs TaMgkargarpÞ¼
edayxøÜnÉg ehIybdibtþimataedayeKarB . éf¶mYy ®sþIEdl
CamataánRáb´butþena¼fa ²En+kUn Em¨ nwgnaMnagkumarikamk[
ÉgehIyN+a³ .
bu¿ Em¨ kuMniyayy¨agen¼eLIy/ ¹nwgRbNibtþn_Em¨rhUt
Gs´mYyCIvit .
m¿ éh á kUnÉgEtmñakeFVInUvkargarERspg kic©kargar
-101- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
pÞ¼pg/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ Em¨minsb,aycitþeLIy/ Em¨nwgnaMnag
kumarikamk[Ég .
butþena¼ánham ( mata ) Gs´eRcIndg bu¨Enþ®sþIEdlCa
mþayena¼minyl´RBmk¾enAes¶óm mataena¼ecjGMBIpÞ¼ eTAkan
RtkUlmYy .
RKaena¼ buRtsYrmatafa ²Em¨eTAkan´RtkUlNa³ ? kal
mataRáb´fa ²nwgeTAkanRtkUleQμa¼ÉeNa¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾
hammin[eTAkanRtkUlena¼ ehIyRábmata[eTAkanRtkUl
EdlxøÜneBjcitþ . mataáneTAkanRtkUlena¼ dNwþgnag
kumarikakñúgRtkUlena¼ehIy kMNtéf¶ ( Gavah_vivah_ ) naMnag
kumarikaena¼mkkanpÞ¼rbs´xøÜn . nagkumarikaena¼ Ca®sþIman
BUC RtÚvkm μsmøab´ehIy KWCa®sþIGar .
RKaena¼ ®sþIEdlCamataánniyayeTAkanbutþfa ²éhá
kUnÉg[Em naMnagkumarikamktamkareBjcitþrbskUnÉgehIy
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -102-
}LÚven¼ nagkumarikaena¼Ca®sIGar/ k¾Fm μtaRtkUlEdlminman
buRt rEmgdacsUnü RbéBNIrEmgminCab´teTA eRBa¼ehtuena¼
Em¨nwgnaMnagkumarikadéTmk ( [kUnÉg )³ buRtena¼k¾eBal
hamfa ²kuMeLIyEm¨³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾áneBal ( y¨agena¼ )
erOy@ . ®sþIGarán|Baküena¼ k¾Kitfa ²Fm μtabuRtrEmgmin
GachamXatBakümatabitaán/ }LÚven¼mþayekμkrbs´Gj
KitnaM®sþIdéT EdlminEmnCa®sþIGarmkehIy nwgeRbIeyIgdUc
CaTasI/ ebIdUecña¼ eyIgKYrEtnaMnagkumarikamñakmkedayxøÜnÉg³
dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbeTAkanRtkUlmYy suMnagkumarikamkedIm,IRb-
eyaCn_dl´bursCasVamIrbs´xøÜn/ RtÚvBYkCnkñúgRtkUlena¼ham
fa nagkuMniyaydUecña¼eLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾GgVrfa ¹CaRsIGar
RtkUlEdlminmanbuRtrEmgvinas buRtIrbs´elakánbuRt
ehIynwgánCam©as´énRTBüsm,tþi/ sUmelakemtþaelIkbuRtI
ena¼[dl´sVamIrbs´¹cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy júaMgRtkUlena¼[yl´
-103- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RBmehIy k¾naMmk[eFVIPriyarbs´sVamIxøÜn .
eRkaymk RsIGarena¼mankarRti¼ri¼fa ²ebInagmanbuRt
¦buRtIesat nwgánCam©as´énRTBüsm,tþiEtmñakÉg/ dUecñ¼eyIg
KYrEteFVIy¨agNa kuM[nagmanTark³ .
RbBn§edImpßMfñaMTmøayKP’RbBn§cug
RKaena¼ RsIGark¾niyaynwgnagena¼fa ²KP’taMgeLIgkñúg
épÞrbs´nagkalNa sUmnagRáb´¹kñúgkalena¼³ . nagena¼
TTYlfa ²ca+³ kalKP’taMgeLIgehIy nagk¾ánRáb´dl´®sþI
Garena¼ . cMENkRsIGarena¼[bbr nigáydl´nagena¼Ca
nic© . xageRkaymk ánykfñaMsRmab´eFVIKP’[Føak laynwg
Gahar[dlnagena¼ . KP’k¾Føak ( rlUtkUn ) . kalKP’
taMgeLIgelIkTIBIr nagk¾ánRáb´RsIGarena¼eTot . sUm,I
RsIGarena¼k¾áneFVIKP’[Føakeday«áyy¨agena¼ÉgeTot .
RKaena¼ BYk®sþIEdlsñiT§sñalnwgKñaánsYrnagena¼ fa
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -104-
²®sþIrYmsVamIáneFVInUvesckþIGnþray[dl´nagxøø¼¦eT ? nagk¾
Ráb´erOgena¼dl´®sþITaMgena¼ RtÚv®sþITaMgena¼eBalfa ²®sþIGn§-
Bal ehtudUcemþc eTIbnageFVIy¨agena¼eTA ? RsIGaren¼ánpßM
fñaMsRmab´eFVIKP’[Føak[dl´nag eRBa¼xøacnagánCaFM eRBa¼
dUecña¼ eTIbKP’rbs´nagFøak/ nagándwgesckþIena¼ehIy³ kñúg
RKaTIbInagminánRáb´ . xageRkaymk RsIGareXIjépÞrbs´
nagena¼ehIyk¾sYrfa ²ehtudUcemþc eTIbnagminRáb´karEdl
nagmanKP’dl´¹³ nagena¼eBalfa ²nagnaM¹mkehIy eFVIKP’
[Føakdl´eTABIrdgehIy ¹nwgRáb´dl´nageFVIGVI ? eTIbKitfa
²}LÚven¼ eyIgvinasehIy³ rgcaMemIlkareFVsRbEhsrbs´
nagkumarikaena¼/ kalKP’cas´eBjeljehIy eTIbán{kas
ánpßMfñaM[ehIy KP’minFøak eRBa¼cas´Ex eTIbedkTTwg ( TVar )
evTnad¾xøaMgkøaekIteLIg . nagk¾søab´eTA .
munnwgsøab nagántaMgesckIþRáfñafa eyIgRtÚvnagen¼
-105- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eFVI[vinasehIy vaánnaMeyIgmk eFVITarkrbs´eyIg[vinas
dl 3 nakehIy }LÚven¼ eyIgk¾vinaseTot eyIgcuticak
GtþPaBen¼ehIy sUm[ánCaykçinIedIm,ITMBasuITarkrbs´va³
dUecñ¼ehIy søab´eTAekItCaqμakñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég . cMENksVamIcab
®sþIGarena¼ehIy eBalfa ²nagÉgáneFVIRtkUlrbseyIg[
dacsUnü³ dUecñ¼ehIy vayedayGvyv£TaMgLaymanduMéd nig
Cg:gCaedIm[manrbYsF¶n . ®sþIGarena¼søab´eRBa¼karvayena¼
Ég ehIyánekItCaem mankñúgpÞ¼ena¼Edr .
pøasbþÚrRbharKñamñak´mYyCatieday
GMNacénkarcgeBor
cMeNrkalminyUrbu¨nμan emmanánFøakBgeRcIn@Bg
emqμamksuIBgmanTaMgena¼Gs . sUm,IelIkTIBIr elIkTIbI vak¾
suIGs´Edr . kalCitnwggab´emmanena¼áneFVIesckIþRáfñafa
²vasuIBgrbs´eyIgGs´bIdgehIy }LÚven¼ vaánsuITaMgxøÜn
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -106-
eyIgeTot . eRkayGMBIgab´eTA sUm[eyIgánTMBasuIva nig
kUnrbsva³ dUecñ¼ehIy gab´GMBIemmanena¼ehIy ekItCaemxøa
dMbg . cMENkemqμaánmkekItCaemRmwK . kñúgevlaemRmwK
ena¼ekItkUn emxøadMbg k¾ánmksuIkUnRmwKTaMgLayGs´dl´
bIdg . kalCitnwgsøab´emRmwKáneFVIesckIþRáfñafa ²BYkkUn
rbs´eyIgRtÚvemxøadMbgen¼suIGs´dl´bIdgehIy }LÚven¼vasuI
TaMgxøÜneyIgpg . eyIgcuticakGtþPaBen¼ehIy Kb,IánsuIva
nigkUnrbsvacu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy søab´eTAekItCanagykçinI cMENk
emxøadMbgcuticakGtþPaBena¼ehIy ánekItCakulFItakñúgRkúg
savtSI . nagmanv&yceRmInehIy áneTAkanRtkUlsVamIkñúg
RsúkEk,rTVar ( Rkúg ) kñúgkalxageRkaymk nagánRbsUt
buRtmñak . nagykçinI EkøgxøÜnCa®sþIsmøajEdlCaTIRsLaj
rbs´nagkulFItaena¼mkehIy sYrfa ²®sþICasmøajrbs´¹enA
TINa³ ? BYkGñkRsúkánRáb´fa ²nagRbsUtbutþenAxagkñúgbnÞb
-107- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
nagykçinIsþab´Baküena¼ehIy eBalfa ²smøajrbs´¹RbsUt
butþRbús ¦RsI ? ¹suMemIlekμgena¼bnþic³ eBaldUecñ¼ehIy cUl
eTAeFVIGakardUcCaemIl cab´TarksuIehIyk¾ecjeTA . sUm,Ikñúg
RKaTIBIrk¾suIeTot . kñúgRKaTIbInagkulFItamanKP’cas´ehIy k¾
ehAsVamImkRáb´fa ²bBiRtnay nagykçinImñaksuIbuRtrbs´
¹kñúgTIen¼Gs´BIrnakehIy/ }LÚven¼ ¹nwgeTAkan´pÞ¼énRtkUl
rbs´¹RbsUtbuRt³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾naMKñaeTAkanpÞ¼énRtkUlRbsUt
( buRtkñúgTIena¼ ) . kñúgkalena¼ ykçinIena¼dlevnCBa¢ÚnTwk .
eRBa¼fa nagykçinITaMgLay RtÚvdgTwkGMBIRs¼eQ μa¼Genattþ
TUlelIk,aledIrmkedIm,Iesþcevsßv&Ntamevn edayknøgeTA
4 Exxø¼ 5 Exøxø¼eTIbput ( GMBIevn ) . nagykçinIdéTmankarlMák
ehIydl´karGs´CIvitxø¼k¾man . cMENknagykçinIena¼ lu¼put
GMBIevnCBa¢ÚnTwkehIy k¾Rbjab´eTAkan´pÞ¼ena¼ sYrfa ²®sþIEdl
Casmøajrbs´¹enATINa³ ? BYkGñkRsúkRáb´fa ²nagnwgCYb
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -108-
®sþIena¼GMBITINaán ? nagykçinImñaksuITarkrbs´nagEdlRb-
sUtkñúgTIen¼/ eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbnageTAkanpÞ¼énRtkUl³ nag
ykçinIena¼Kitfa ²nageTAkanTINa@ k¾eday k¾minrYcputGMBI
eyIgánEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy edaykmøaMgéneBoreFVI[nagrtsemþA
eTAkanRkúgedayesckþIBüayam . cMENknagkulFIta kñúgéf¶
EdldakeQμa¼[Tarkena¼ nagk¾ángUtTwk[buRtehIy dak
eQ μa¼[rYcral´ehIy k¾eBalnwgsVamIfa ²bBiRtnay }LÚven¼
eyIgnaMKñaeTAkanpÞ¼rbs´eyIgvijcu¼³ bIbuRteFVIdMeNIreTACamYy
sVamI tampøÚvRbKl´buRt[dl´bursEdlCasVamIehIy cu¼gUt
TwkRs¼eákçrNIEk,rvtþ ehIyeLIgmkTTYlykbuRt kalsVamI
kMBuggUtTwk QrbMeÁeda¼buRt lu¼RkeLkeXIjnagykçinImk
caMán k¾ERskedaysMeLgxøaMg@fa ²bBiRtnay Rbjab´eLIg@
ykçinImkdl´ehIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy minGacQrrgcaMrhUtdl´sVamI
ena¼mkán k¾rtsemþAeTAkanvihar .
eBorminrm¶abedaykarcgeBor
eBorEtgrm¶abánedaykarmincgeBor
kñúgsm¥a¼ RB¼sasþakMBugEtsEmþgFm’’enAkNþal
bris&T nagkulFItaena¼ rteTAdl´ehIy [buRtedkelIxñg
RB¼áTrbs´RB¼tfaKtehIy RkabTUlfa ²buRten¼ ¹RB¼Gg:
fVaycMeBa¼RB¼Gg:ehIy sUmRB¼Gg:RbTanCIvitdl´buRtrbs´¹
RB¼Gg:cu¼ sumneTBEdlGaRs&yd¾B§exøagTVarminRBm[
ykçinIcUleTAxagkñúg . RB¼sasþaRtas´ehARB¼GannÞmkehIy
Rtas´fa ²mñalGannÞ GñkcUreTAehAykçinIena¼mk³ . RB¼efr£
ehAnagykçinIena¼mkehIy . nagkulFItaRkabTUlfa bBiRt
RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn nagykçinImkehIy . RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²nag
ykçinIcUrmkcu¼/ nagkuMERskeLIy³ . dUecñ¼ehIy ánRtas´
eTAkannagykçinIEdlmkQrenATIena¼fa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbnag
eFVIy¨agen¼ ? RbsinebIBYknagminmkkansmñakRB¼BuT§Rákd
dUcCatfaKteT eBorrbsBYknagnwgánCakm μtaMgenAGs´kb,
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -110-
dUceBorrbs´Bs´ nigs;ar/ xøaX μúM nigedImBRg Ekðk nigemom/
eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbBYknagcgeBorKñaG‘Ícwg ? eRBa¼eBorrm¶ab´án
edaykarmincgeBor minEmnrm¶ab´ánedayeBoreT³ dUecñ¼ehIy
ánRtasRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
4 n hi evern evrani smμnþIF kuTacnM
Gevern c sm μnþi És Fem μa snnþena .
BitEmn taMgBIkalNamk kñúgelaken¼ eBorTaMg-
Lay rEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´edaykarcgeBoreLIy
eBorTaMgLay Etgs¶b´rm¶ab´edaykarmincgeBor
Fm’’en¼manyUryaNas´mkehIy .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa n hi evern CaedIm esckIþfa
«bmafa buK:llagnUvTIEdlRbLakedayrbs´minsðat man
Twkmat nigsMeárCaedImedayrbs´minsðatTaMgena¼ rEmgmin
-111- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
GaceFVITIena¼[sðatbrisuT§átkøinsðúyáneLIy/ edayBit
TIena¼ RtLb´CaTIminsðat nigmankøinsðúyéRkElgCagedIm
yagNamij buK:lkaleCrtbbuK:lEdleCr RbhartbbuK:l
EdlRbhar rEmgminGacjúaMgeBor[s¶b´áneLIy/ edayBit
eKeQμa¼faeFVIeBorena¼Ég[éRkElgeLIg@ dUecña¼ sUm,Ikñúgkal
Na@ EdleQμa¼faeBorTaMgLay rEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´áneday
karcgeBor/ edayBit eQμa¼farEmgceRmInEtmü¨ag edayRbkar
dUecñ¼ .
BIrbTfa Gevern c smμnþi esckIþfa «bmafa rbs´
minsðat manTwkmatCaedImena¼ EdlbuK:llagedayTwkføa
rEmgsðatbrisuT§án/ TIena¼rEmgCaTIsðat minmankøinsðúy
y¨agNamij eBorTaMgLayrEmgrm¶ab´ KWrEmgs¶b´ ándl´
rEmgdlkarminmanedaykarminmaneBor KWedayTwk KWxnþI nig
emtþa edaykareFVITukkñúgcitþeday«áyd¾RbéB nigedaykar
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -112-
BicarNadUecña¼ .
áTRB¼Kafafa És Femμa sunnþena esckIþfa Fm’’en¼
KWkars¶b´rm¶ab´eBoredaykarmincgeBor Carbs´cas´ KWCamaK’a
énRB¼BuT§ RB¼bec©kBuT§ nigRB¼xINaRsBTaMgLay Edl
elakeFVIdMeNIreTAehIy RKb´@ RB¼Gg: .
kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa nagykçinIena¼ taMgenAkñúgesata
btþipl . eTsnaánCakfa manRbeyaCn_sUm,Idl´bris&T
EdlmkRbCuMKñaTIena¼ .
nagykçinIdwgePøógeRcInePøógtic
RB¼sasþa ánRtas´eTAkan®sþIena¼fa ²nagcUrRKl´
buRtrbs´nagdl´nagykçinIcu¼ ³ .
s¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:xøac .
t¿ nagkuMxøaceLIy/ GnþrayrEmgminmandl´nageRBa¼
GaRs&ynagykçinIen¼eLIy .
-113- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
nagán[buRtdl´ykçinIena¼ehIy nagykçinIena¼k¾TTYl
Tarkena¼mk{befIbehIy RbKl´CUnnagkulFItavijehIy k¾
epþImyM RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrnagykçinIena¼fa ehtudUc
emþcánCanagyM .
nagykçinIena¼RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn BImun
¹RB¼Gg:ciBa©wmCIvitedaymineRCIserIspøÚv k¾enAEtminánGahar
eBjépÞ/ }LÚven¼ ¹RB¼Gg:nwgciBa©wmCIvitány¨agdUcemþc³ .
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa RTglYgelamnagykçinIena¼fa ²nag
kuMRBÜyeLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´eTAkannagkulFItafa ²nagcUr
naMnagykçinIeTAenAkñúgpÞ¼rbs´nag ehIycUrp:tp:gedaybbr nig
áyd¾fμIefμagTaMgLaycu¼³ ®sþIena¼naMnagykçinIeTAehIy [
sRmakenAkñúgeragt,al´ ánp:tp:gedaybbr nigáyfμIefμag
TaMgLay . kñúgevlabukRsÚv GERgRákddl´nagykçinIena¼
dUcRbharsirsa eTIbnagehAnagkulFItaEdlCasmøajmk
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -114-
ehIy niyayfa ²¹minGacenATIen¼án sUmnagcUr[¹sñak
enAkñúgTIdéTcu¼³ nagkulFItak¾[sñakenAkñúgTITaMgen¼ KWkñúgerag
GERg Ek,rBagTwk Ek,rc®g;an eRkamsMyabpÞ¼ elIKMnrsRmam
Ek,rTVarRsúk/ ( nag ) k¾eBalfa ²kñúgeragGERg GERgrEmg
RákddUcCaRbharsirsa¹/ Ek,rBagTwk BYkekμgrEmgcakTwk
EdlsleTAEk,rBagTwk/ Ek,rc®g;anen¼hVÚgsunxrEmgmkedk/
eRkamsMyabpÞ¼/ BYkekμgrEmgeFVInUvvtSúminsðat/ Ek,rKMnrsRmam
CnTaMgLayrEmgcaksRmam/ Ek,rekøagTVar ekμgGñkRsúk
rEmgelgEl,gxñac ²dUecñ¼ehIy ánhamTITaMgBYgena¼³ .
RKaena¼ nagkulFIta k¾[nagykçinIena¼sRmakenAkñúg
TId¾s¶at´xageRkARsúk ehIynaMePaCn manbbr nigáyCaedIm
d¾fμIefμageTAedIm,Ip:tp:gnagykçnIkñúgTIena¼ nagykçinIena¼Kit
y¨agen¼fa ²}LÚven¼ ®sþICasmøajrbs´eyIg man«bkar£
dl´eyIgeRcIn eyIgKYrEteFVIGVImYyedIm,Itbsñg sgKuNnag³
-115- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
dUecñ¼ehIy ánRáb´®sþIEdlCasmøajena¼fa ²kñúgqñaMen¼nwg
manePøógFøaklð/ nagcUreFVIsnÞÚgkñúgTITYlcu¼/ kñúgqñaMen¼ePøógBMulð
nagcUreFVInUvsnÞÚgkñúgTITMnab Etmüagcu¼ . RsÚvEdlBYkCnd¾
esseFVIehIy rEmgvinaseTAedayTwkxø¼ edayminmanTwkxø¼ .
cMENksnÞÚgrbsnagkulFItaena¼ rEmgbribUN’éRkElg .
nagykçinIcabepþImtaMgslakPtþ
RKaena¼ BYkCnTaMgLayd¾essnaMKñasYrnagkulFItafa
²En+nag snÞÚgEdlnageFVIehIy rEmgminvinasedayTwkéRkeBk
rEmgminvinasedayTwktic/ nagdwgnUvPav£énqñaMmanePøóglð nig
qñaMmanePøógminlðehIyeTIbeFVInUvkargar¦ ? nagRáb´fa ²nag
ykçinICasmøajrbs´¹Ráb´nUvPav£énqñaMman ePøóglð nigqñaMman
ePøógminlðdl´¹/ ¹eFVIsnÞÚgTaMgLaykñúgTITYl nigTITMnabtam
Bakürbs´ykçinIena¼/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbsnÞÚgrbs´¹seRmc
ánbribUN’/ BYkGñkTaMgLaymineXIjnUvePaCnTaMgLay man
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -116-
bbr nigáyCaedImEdl¹[eKnaMeTAGMBIpÞ¼rbs´¹edIm,InagGs´
kalCanic©eT¦ ? vtSúTaMgLaymanbbr nigáyCaedImena¼ KW¹
naMeTAedIm,InagykçinIena¼ sUm,IGñkTaMgBYgk¾cUrnaMePaCnTaMg-
Laymanbbr nigáyd¾fμIefμagCaedImeTAedIm,InagykçinIena¼xø¼
cu¼ nagykçinIena¼ k¾nwgRbemIlemIlnUvkargarTaMgLay rbs´
eyIgral´Kña³ .
RKaena¼ BYkCnEdlenAkñúgRkúgTaMgmUl naMKñaeFVIsk;ar-
bUCadl´nagykçinIena¼/ cab´epþImGMBIena¼mk nagykçinIena¼ k¾
RbemIlemIlnUvkargarTaMgLayrbsCnTaMgBYg Ca®sþIdlehIy
nUvPav£CaGñkef;IgedaylaP Ca®sþImanbrivareRcIn .
kñúgkaltmk nagykçinIena¼ taMgepþImnUvslakPtþ 8
kEnøg . slakPtþena¼ CnTaMgLayánnaMKñaeFVIt@ mkdl´
sBVéf¶en¼ >�
( erOgkarekIténnagkaLIykçinI cb´ )
5 erOgPikçúekasm<I
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§BYkPikçú
ekasm<I Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²ber c n viCannþi ³ CaedIm .
RB¼vin&yFr nig RB¼FmμkfikRbEkkKñaerOgvin&y
esckIþBisþþarfa PikçúBIrrUb KWRB¼vin&yFrmYyrUb RB¼Fm μ-
kfikmYyrUb manbrivarmYyrUb @ 500 enAkñúgeXasitaram eTob
Rkúgekasm<I . éf¶mYy RB¼Fm μkfikcUlbg:n ehIybnßl´Twk
sRmab´CRm¼TukkñúgPaCn£CRm¼kñúgbnÞb´Twkena¼ ehIyk¾ecjmk
vij xageRkaymkRB¼vin&yFrcUleTAbnÞb´Twkena¼ eXIjTwk
ena¼ ecjmksYrRB¼Fm μkfikfa ²mñalGavuesa elakbnßl´
TwkTuk¦ ³ ?
Fm μ¿ kruNa elakd¾manGayu .
vi¿ elakmindwgfaCaGabtþi eRBa¼karbnßl´TwkTukeT¦ ?
-118- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
Fm μ¿ kruNa ¹mindwgeT .
vi¿ Gavuesa elakmindwgfaCaGabtþi edaykarbnßl´Twk
Tuken¼ k¾eNHIycu¼ .
Fm μ¿ ebIdUecña¼ ¹nwgsEmþgGabtþiena¼ecj .
vi¿ mñalGavuesa RbsinebIesckIþnu+¼elakminmancitþEkøg
eRBa¼karminmansti/ Gabtþiminman .
RB¼Fm μkfikena¼ ánCaGñkmankareXIjGabtþiena¼fa
minEmnGabtþi .
cMENkRB¼vin&yFránRáb´sisßrbs´xøÜnfa ²RB¼Fm μ-
kfikrUbena¼RtÚvGabtþiehIyk¾mindwgfaCaGabtþi³ . sisßrbs´
RB¼vin&yFrena¼ eXIjsisßrbs´RB¼Fm μkfikena¼ehIy án
eBalfa ²RB¼«bCÄay_rbs´BYkelaksUm,IRtÚvGabtþiehIy k¾min
dwgfaCaGabtþi³ . sisßrbs´Fm μkfikena¼eTARáb´«CÄay_rbs´
xøÜn . RB¼Fm μkfikena¼niyayy¨agen¼fa ²RB¼vin&yFrrUben¼ kal
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -119-
munniyayfa ²minCaGabtþi³ }LÚven¼niyayfaCaGabtþi³ RB¼-
vin&yFrrUbena¼niyaymusa³ sisßrbsRB¼Fmμkfikena¼niyay
fa ²RB¼«bCÄay_rbs´BYkelakniyaymusa³ . sisßrbs´RB¼
vin&yFr nigRB¼Fm μkfikena¼júaMgCemøa¼[ceRmInehIy eday
Rbkary¨agen¼ .
xageRkaymk RB¼vin&yFrán{kasehIy k¾áneFVI
«ekçbnIykm μdl´RB¼Fm μkfik eRBa¼eTasEdlmineXIjGabtþi
cab´BIeBlena¼mk sUm,IBYk«bdæakGñkfVaybc©&yrbsPikçúTaMg
BIrrUbena¼k¾ánEbkCaBIrBYk . BYkPikçúnIGñkTTYl{vaTkIþ BYk
GarkçeTvtakIþ rbs´PikçúTaMgBIrrUbena¼ BYkGakasdæeTvtaCamitþ
RKanEteXIj RBmTaMgmitþsñiT§sñalrbsBYkGarkçeTvtaTaMgena¼
kIþ/ BYkbufuC¢nTaMgBYgkIþ ánEbkCaBIrBYk rhUtdlRBhμelak k¾
mansMeLgKwkkgRbRBwtþeTAdUcKña ánmanrhUtdlGnidæRBhμ .
RB¼sasþaRtaseRbónRbedA[samKI:Kña
RKaena¼ PikçúmYyrUbcUleTAKal´RB¼tfaKt RkabTUldl
karEdlBYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþRbkanfa ²RB¼Fm μkfikrUben¼ sgÇ
elIkvtþehIyedaykm μEdlRbkbedayFm’’³ nigkarEdlBYkPikçú
GñkRbRBwtþtamFm μkfikEdlsgÇ elIkvtþehIyRbkanfa ²RB¼-
«bCÄay_rbs´BYkeyIg sgÇelIkvtþehIyedaykm μEdlmin
RbkbedayFm’³ nigkarEdlBYkPikçúGñkRbRBwtþtamRB¼Fm μkfik
EdlsgÇelIkvtþTaMgena¼ sUm,IEdlBYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþham
ehIy k¾enAEtcecsRtactamEhhmecameramRB¼Fm μkfikena¼
dEdl . RB¼manRB¼PaKbBa¢Ún{vaTeTAfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay
GñkTaMgLaycUrRBmeRBógKña³ Gs´var£BIrdg RTgRB¼sNþab´
fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn PikçúTaMgLayminRBmeRBógKñaeT³ kñúg
var£TIbI RTgRB¼sNþab´fa ²PikçúsgÇEbkKñaehIy³ dUecñ¼ eTIb
esþcyageTAkansmñakrbs´PikçúTaMgLay ehIyRtas´eTas
kñúgkarelIkvtþrbs´BYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþ nigeTaskñúgkarmin
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -121-
eXIjGabtþirbs´BYkPikçúeRkAen¼ ehIyRTgGnuBaØatsgÇkm μTaMg
Lay man«eásfCaedImkñúgsImaCamYyKña kñúgvtþeXasita-
ramena¼dl´PikçúTaMgLayeTot ehIyRTgbBaØtþvtþkñúgeragqanfa
²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLayKb,IGg:úyCaCYrelIGasn£
mYy@ Cacenøa¼@³ dUecñ¼CaedIm dl´PikçúTaMgLayGñkekItkarRb-
kYtRbkanKñakñúgTITaMgLay maneragqan CaedIm ehIyRTg´
RB¼sNþab´fa ²sUm,I}LÚven¼ PikçúTaMgLayk¾enAEtRbkYtRbkan´
eQøa¼Tas´ETgKñadEdl eTIbesþcyageTAvtþeXasitaramena¼
ehIyRtas´hamfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaykuMRbkYt
RbkaneQøa¼Tas´ETgKñaeLIy³ dUecñ¼CaedIm ehIyRTgRtas´fa
²mñalPikçúTaMgLay EdleQ μa¼fa karRbkYtRbkanKña kareQøa¼
Tas´ETgKña karRbkanExVgKMnitKña nigkarvivaTKñaena¼ naMmknUv
esckIþvinas/ BitNas sUm,IstVecobkb,asGaRs&ykar
eQøa¼KñaGaceFVI[esþcdMrIdl´karGs´CIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTg´
-122- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
Rtas´ldukikCatk* ehIyRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay Gñk
TaMgLaycUrRBmeRBógKñacu¼ kuMvivaTKñaeLIy eRBa¼fa sUm,IstV
ecobkb,asCaeRcInBan´GaRs&ykarvivaTKña ándl´karGs´
CIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´vdþkCatk* .
RtaseRbónRbedAbu¨nμank¾mineCO
sUm,IRB¼sm μasm<úT§ RTgTUn μaneRbónRbedAy¨agNak¾
eday PikçúTaMgena¼k¾minsþab´ kalPikçúEdlCa Fm μvaTImYyrUbmin
eBjcitþ[tfaKtlMák ánRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn
sUmRB¼manRB¼PaKCam©as´ CaesþcénFm’’ sUmRTgrgcaMsincu¼
bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUmRB¼manRB¼PaK RTgmankarxVl´
xVaytic BüayamRbkbnUvFm’’EdlCaeRKÓgenACasuxkñúgTidæFm’’
cu¼ BYk¹RB¼Gg:nwgRákdeRBa¼karRbkYtRbkan kareQøa¼ kar
* xu¿ Ca¿ bBa©k¿ .
* xu¿ Ca¿ Ék¿ .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -123-
RbkanExVgKMnitKña nigkarvivaTKñaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´
dMNaldl´karEdlRB¼áTTIXItiekaslraC RtÚvRB¼áT
RBhμTtdeNIþmykraCsm,tþi RB¼Gg:bnøMePTmin[nrNas:al
( RTgKgenAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI ) RtÚvRB¼áTRBhμTtþcab´pþac
RB¼Cnμ nigkarEdlRB¼áTRBhμTt RBmTaMgTIXavukumarena¼
RBmeRBógKña cab´epþImBIeBlEdlTIXavukumaránfVayCIvitdl´
RB¼Gg:fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay manRB¼áTRkúgkasI ( mYyRB¼
Gg: ) RTgRB¼namfa RB¼áTRBhμTtþ³ dUecñ¼CaedIm sUm,IRtas´
eRbónRbedAfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLayesckIþGtFn nigkars¶b´
es¶ómEbbena¼ ánmanehIydl´RB¼raCaTaMgena¼ GñkmandMbg
EdlkanTukehIy Gñkmans®sþaenAkñúgédehIy mñalPikçúTaMg
Lay karEdlGñkTaMgLaybYsehIy kñúgFm μvin&y EdltfaKt
sEmþgehIyedayRbéBy¨agen¼ KYrCaGñkGtFn CaGñks¶b´
es¶óm nigKb,IsðatkñúgFm μvin¥¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ k¾enAEtminGac
-124- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eFVIPikçúTaMgLay[RBmeRBógKñaán .
RB¼sasþaRTg´GpßúkeTIbesþceKceTAcaMvsßa
enAkñúgéRBrkçitv&n
RB¼Gg:RTgGpßúkRB¼T&y eRBa¼karenARcbUkRcbl´ eTIb
RTgRB¼cinþafa ²karEdltfaKtenARcbUkRcblKñayagen¼ rEmg
CaTukç ehIyPikçúTaMgen¼k¾mineFVI ( tam ) Bakürbs´tfaKteTot
ebIdUecña¼ tfaKtKb,IeKcecjGMBIBYk eTAenAEtmYyRB¼Gg:Ég³
dUecñ¼ehIy esþcRtacbiNÐátkñúgRkúgekasm<I minRtas´Ráb
BYkPikçúsgÇ RTgkanáRt nigcIvrrbs´RB¼Gg:esþcyageTA
BalkelaNkaramEtmYyRB¼Gg:Ég Rtas´Ékcarikvtþdl´
RB¼PK:úetSrkñúgBalkelaNkaramena¼ehIy Rtas´Ganisgßén
karsamKI:rsdl´kulbuRt 3 nakkñúgmiKTav&neQμa¼ ácinvgß
ehIyesþcyageTAkanRsúkálielyük£ dUcánsþab´mk
RKaena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´GaRs&yRsúkálielyük£ esþc
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -125-
caMvsßaenAeRkamedImsalRBwkßFM kñúgdgéRBrkçitv&n EdldMrI
álielyük£«bdæakenACasux .
BYk«áskTUnμanPikçú
cMENkBYk«áskGñkenAkñúgRkúgekasm<Iena¼Ég eTAkan
viharmineXIjRB¼sasþa eTIbsYrfa ²RB¼sasþaesþcyageTA
Na elakm©as´³ ? PikçúTaMgena¼eBalfa ²esþceTAkandgéRB
álielyük£ehIy³ .
«¿ eRBa¼ehtuGVI elakm©as´ ?
P¿ RB¼Gg:RTgBüayamnwgeFVIBYkeyIg[RBmeRBógKña Et
BYkeyIg minánRBmeRBógKña .
«¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´TaMgLaybYs
kñúgsmñakrbs´RB¼sasþaehIy kalRB¼Gg:RTgsEmþgFm’[
samK:IKña/ minsamK:IKña¦ ?
PikçúTaMgLayeqøIyfa mñal«áskTaMgLay yagena¼
-126- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
Ég .
«ásk «ásikaTaMgena¼KitKñafa ²BYkPikçúTaMgen¼bYs
kñúgsmñakRB¼sasþaehIy/
kalRB¼Gg:RTgsEmþgFm’[samK:I Kña k¾minsamK:IKña
BYkeyIgmináneXIjRB¼sasþaeRBa¼Ga-Rs&yPikçúTaMgen¼/
BYkeyIgnwgminfVayGasn£ nwgmineFVIsamI cikm μ
mankarsMB¼CaedImdl´PikçúTaMgen¼³ cab´epIþmBIena¼mkk¾
mineFVIsUm,IRtwmEtsamIcikm μdl´PikçúTaMgena¼ . PikçúTaMgLay
s:aMgs:meRBa¼karmanGahartic/ edayBIrbIéf¶bu¨eNÑa¼k¾Camnusß
Rtg sEmþgnUveTasEdlRbRBwtþknøgehIydl´KñanigKña júaMg
KñanigKña[GteTas[ ehIyeBalfa mñal«ásk nig«á-
sikaTaMgLay eyIgTaMgLayRBmeRBógKñaehIy/ cMENkBYk
elakcUrRbeKnbc©&y 4 dl´BYkeyIgdUckalmuncu¼³ .
«¿ elakm©as´TaMgLay sUm[RB¼sasþaGteTas[
ehIy¦ ?
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -127-
Pi¿ mñalGñkd¾manGayuTaMgLay eyIgTaMgLayminTan
sUm[RTgGteTas[enAeLIyeT .
«¿ ebIdUecña¼ sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay eTAsUmxmaeTas
RB¼sasþacu¼ cMENk¹m©as´TaMgLaynwgRbeKnbc©&y 4 dl´
elakm©as´TaMgLaydUcBImuneTot kñúgkalNaEdlelak
m©as´TaMgLay sUm[RB¼sasþaGteTas[ .
PikçúTaMgLayminGacnwgeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa eRBa¼
CakalenAkñúgvsßa júaMgkalxagkñúgvsßaena¼ [knøgeTA
edaylMák .
dMrIálielyük£«bdæakRB¼sasþa
cMENkRB¼sasþa EdldMrId¾RbesIrena¼p:tp:g RTgKg´
enACasux . cMENkdMrIena¼ l¼bgnUvhVÚgcUleTAkandgéRBena¼
edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´kiriyaenACasuxEdr . RB¼Fm μsg:ahkacarü
eBalTuky¨agNa ?
-128- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RB¼Fm μsg:ahkacarüeBalTukfa ( RKaena¼ karRti¼ri¼án
mandl´esþcdMrIena¼fa ) eyIgenARcLÚkRcLMnwgBYkdMrIeQ μal
TaMgLay dMrIjITaMgLay dMrIsÞavTaMgLay nigkUndMrITaMgLay
eyIgTMBasuInUves μATaMgLaymancugercpg/ ehIyBYkvargcaM
TMBasuIEmkeQIEdleyIgbMákehIypg ehIyeyIgpwkTwklðk´
pg/ kaleyIgcu¼ nigeLIgkankMBg BYkdMrIjIk¾edIrRtduskay
rbs´eyIg ebIdUecña¼ KYrEteyIgecosecjGMBIhVÚgeTAenAEt
mñakÉg³ . RKaena¼Ég esþcdMrIena¼ecosecjcakhVÚgcUleTA
kanéRB EdlenAkñúgRsúkálielyük£eQμa¼rkçitv&n eRkamedIm
salRBwkßFM RtgkEnøgEdlRB¼sasþaesþcKgenA/ lu¼cUleTA
dl´fVaybg:MRB¼manRB¼PaKehIy rmilemIlmineXIjvtSúGVI@
eLIy eTIbRbharenATICiténedImsalRBwkßedayeCIg QUs
( [rabesμI ) kanyknUvEmkeQIedayRbemay eássMGat
TIena¼ cab´epIþmBIena¼mk esþcdMrIena¼cab´qñaMgedayRbemaydg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -129-
Twkqan´ TwkeRbI Rás´mkdMkl´Tuk/ kalRB¼Gg:RtÚvkarTwkekþA/
k¾catEcgTwkekþAfVay . esþcdMrIena¼catEcgTwkekþAány¨ag
Na ? esþcdMrIena¼kUtEmkeQIedayRbemay[ekItCaePIøg dak
«s[ePIøgeq¼eLIg dutsilakñúgKMnrePIøgena¼ ehIyRbemol
duMsilaTaMgena¼eTAedaykMNateQI eá¼cu¼kñúgRtBaMgtUcEdl
xøÜnkMNtTuk xN£ena¼ dakRbemaycu¼eTA dwgfaTwkekþAehIy
eTIbeTAfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa . RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñaláli-
elyük£ TwkÉgdaMehIy¦³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy esþcyageTARsg´
kñúgTIena¼ . kñúgkalena¼ esþcdMrIena¼naMEpøeQIepßg@ mkfVay
RB¼sasþa . k¾kalRB¼sasþaesþccUlkanRsúkedIm,IbiNÐát
esþcdMrI ena¼ykáRtcIvrdak´TukelIk,al tamRB¼sasþaeTA .
RB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´Ednrbs´GñkRsúkehIyRáb´fa ²mñal
álielyük£ taMgBITIen¼eTA ÉgminGaceTAáneT/ ÉgcUr[
áRt cIvrrbstfaKtmk³ dUecñ¼ehIy [esþcdMrIena¼ykáRt
-130- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
nigcIvrena¼mkfVay ehIyesþccUlkanRsúkedIm,IbiNÐát .
cMENkesþcdMrIena¼ QrenATIena¼ÉgrhUtTal´EtRB¼sasþa
esþcecjmk kñúgevlaEdlRB¼sasþaesþcecjmk k¾eFVIkar
TTYl ehIykanáRt cIvredayn&ydUcmun ( naMeTA ) dakenA
kñúgTIRbfab´ ehIybkedaysøwkeQIfVayRB¼sasþa . kñúgraRtI
esþcdMrIena¼kankMNateQIFM edayRbemay edIreTAkñúgcenøa¼ @
éndgéRBrhUtdl´GruNr¼eLIg edIm,IkarBarGnþrayEdlnwg
ekItmanBIRmwKkac edaytaMgcitþfa ²nwgrkßaRB¼sasþa³ án|
fa éRBena¼maneQμa¼fa rkçitvnsNУ cab´taMgGMBIkalena¼
mk . lu¼GruNr¼eLIg esþcdMrIena¼eFVIvtþTaMgBYgeday«áy
dUcmunena¼Ég KWmankarfVayTwksRmab´lagRB¼P®kþCaedIm .
sVafVaysMbukXμMú
kñúgkalena¼ sVamYy eXIjdMrIena¼eRkakeLIgehIy@
eFVIGPismacarikvtþ ( KWkarbdibtþi ) cMeBa¼RB¼tfaKtehIy Kitfa
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -131-
²eyIgk¾KYrEteFVIGVImYyfVayRB¼sasþaEdr³ éf¶mYyeXIjsMbuk
XμúMhñwgEmkeQIEdlminmanem kacEmkeQIehIy naMsMbuk
XμúMRBmTaMgEmkeQIeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa ánkiþcsøwkeck
RTab´ehIy fVayRB¼sasþa . RB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIy/ Banr
RkeLkemIledayKitfa ²etIRB¼sasþaRTgesayEdr¦eT³ ?
eXIjRB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIyKges¶óm Kitfa ²manehtuGVI
hñ+³ eTIbcabcugEmkeQIRtLb´emIl eXIjkUnX μúMehIy eTIb
cab´kUnX μúMTaMgena¼Rsal @ naMecjehIy k¾ánfVaysaCafμI .
RB¼sasþak¾RTgesay . sVaena¼mancitþeRtkGr áncab´Emk
eQIn+u¼@ QrraM kñúgkalena¼ EmkeQIEdlsVaena¼cab´kIþ Emk
eQIEdlsVaena¼CankþI k¾ákeTA . sVaena¼Føakcu¼eTAbuknwgKl´
eQIk¾gab´eTA edayGMNacesckþIRC¼føa k¾eTAbdisn§ikñúgviman
maskMBs´ 30 eyaCn_ kñúgzantavtþigß mannageTBGbßr
1000 Cabrivar .
esþcdMrIseg;temIlvtþrbsRB¼GannÞ
karEdlRB¼tfaKt EdlesþcdMrI«bdæak RTgKgenAkñúg
dgéRBeQ μa¼rkçitv&nena¼ ánRákdkñúgCm<ÚTVIbTaMgmUl . RtkUl
FM@ KWGnafbiNÐikesdæI nignagvisaxamha«ásikaCaedIm
ánbBa¢ÚndMNwgeTARbeKnRB¼GannÞfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾cMerIn
sUmelakm©as´cUrsEmþgRB¼sasþadl´BYk¹m©as´³ . cMENk
Pikçú 500 rUb EdlenAcaMvsßakñúgTis ecjvsßaehIy cUleTA
rkRB¼GannÞetSrGgVrfa ²GannÞd¾manGayu Fm μkfakñúgTIcMeBa¼
RB¼P®kþénRB¼manRB¼PaK ¹m©as´TaMgLay xanánsþab´yUr
mkehIy/ GannÞd¾manGayu }LÚven¼ ¹m©as´TaMgLay Kb,Ián
sþab´Fm μIkfa kñúgTIcMeBa¼RB¼P®kþRB¼manRB¼PaKcu¼³ . RB¼efr£
naMPikçúTaMgena¼eTAkan´TIena¼ehIy Kitfa ²karcUleTAkansmñak
RB¼tfaKt EdlesþcKgenAEtmYyRB¼Gg:ÉgGséRtmas RBm
CamYyPikçúmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼminsmKYreT³ . dUecñ¼ehIy eTIb
bBaÄb´PikçúTaMgena¼TukxageRkA ehIycUleTAKal´RB¼sasþaEt
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -133-
mñakÉgbu¨eNÑa¼ . esþcdMrIálielyük£ eXIjRB¼GannÞetSr
ena¼ehIy kankMNateQIedjRB¼GannÞ . RB¼sasþaTt
eXIjehIy Rtas´fa ²mñalálielyük£ GñkecosecjeTA
kuMhamPikçúena¼eLIy/ eRBa¼Pikçúena¼CaBuT§úb,dæak³ . dMrIáli-
elyük£ena¼ eá¼kMNateQIecal ehIymanbMNgnwgTTYl
áRtcIvrrbs´RB¼efr£ bu¨EnþRB¼efr£minán[ . esþcdMrIena¼
ánKitfa ²RbsinebI PikçúrUben¼manvtþEdláneronehIy/ elak
Kgnwgmindakbrikçarrbs´xøÜnelIpÞaMgsila EdlCaTIRbfab´rbs´
RB¼sasþaeLIy³ . RB¼efr£ándak´áRt nigcIvrelIEpndI .
minánsmøaj´EdlmanbBaØaRtac´eTA
Etmñak´ÉgRbesIrCag
BitNas´ CnGñkdl´RBmehIyedayvtþ rEmgmindak
brikçarrbs´xøÜnelITIGg:úy ¦elITIedkrbs´RKÜ . esþcdMrIena¼
eXIjGakarena¼ehIy k¾mancitþRC¼føa . RB¼efr£GPivaTRB¼
-134- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
sasþaehIy Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼sasþaRtas´sYr
fa ²mñalGannÞ GñkmkEtmñakÉgeT¦³ ? RB¼GannÞRkabTUlRB¼
sasþafa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mkCamYynwgPikçú 500
rUb eBlena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrRB¼GannÞfa ²PikçúTaMgena¼enA
TINa³ ? RB¼efr£RkabTUlfa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ²¹RB¼Gg:
minRCabTwkRB¼T&yrbs´RB¼Gg: eTIb¹RB¼Gg:[PikçúTaMgena¼enA
xageRkA ehIycUlmk ( EtmñakÉg )³ RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñal
GannÞ GñkcUreTAehAPikçúTaMgena¼mkcu¼³ RB¼efr£k¾eFVItamRB¼
bBa¢arbsRB¼sasþa . PikçúTaMgena¼mkfVaybg:MRB¼sasþaehIy
Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼sasþaRTgeFVIbdisNæar£nwgPikçú
TaMgLay . kalPikçúTaMgena¼TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
RB¼manRB¼PaKCaRB¼BuT§d¾suxum nigCakßRtd¾suxum RB¼Gg:Rb-
fab´Qr nigRbfab´KgEtmYyRB¼Gg:ÉgGs´éRtmas eFVIkic©
EdleKeFVIánedaylMák/ GñkeFVIvtþFM nigvtþtUc GñkfVayTwk
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -135-
lagRB¼P®kþkIþ RbEhlCaminmanehIyemIleTA³ RB¼sasþa
Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay kic©TaMgBYgrbs´tfaKt dMrI
álielyük£CaGñkeFVI . k¾buK:lGñkánsmøajEbben¼enACa
mYyCakarRbesIr/ kalebIminánsmøaj ( Ebben¼ ) KYrRtac
eTAEtmñakÉgvijRbesIrCag³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit 3 Kafa
kñúgnaKvK:fa ½
ebIbuK:lánsmøaj EdlmanRáCJaCaeRKÓgrkßaxøÜn
manRáCJacgcaM manKuNFm’’CaeRKÓgjúaMgRbeyaCn_
[seRmc CaGñkRtaceTACamYy KYrCaGñkmancitþ
eRtkGr mans μartI RKbsg;tesckIþGnþrayTaMgBYg
ehIyRtaceTACamYynwgsmøajena¼Ég . ebIEsVgrk
minánsmøaj EdlmanRáCJaCaeRKÓgrkßaxøÜn man
RáCJacgcaM manKuNFm’’CaeRKÓgjúaMgRbeyaCn_[
seRmc CaGñkRtaceTACamYyeT KYrRtaceTAEtmñak
-136- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
Égvij dUcRB¼raCal¼bg´rdæ EdlRTgQñ¼ehIy
esþceTAEtmYyRB¼Gg: BuMena¼esat dUcdMrIeQμa¼matg:£
Edll¼bghVÚgRtaceTAEtmñakÉgkñúgéRB dUecña¼Edr .
karRtaceTArbs´buK:lEtÉkÉg CaKuNCatiRbesIr
bMput ( eRBa¼fa ) shaytaKuN rEmgminmankñúg
buK:lBaleLIy buK:lena¼Kb,ICaGñkminmanesckþI
xVl´xVay RtaceTAEtmñakÉg ehIyminKb,IeFVIGMeBIáb
TaMgLay dUcdMrIeQ μa¼matg:£ CastVminmanesckþI
xVl´xVay l¼bghVÚg RtaceTAEtÉkÉgkñúgéRBdUecña¼Edr .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúTaMg 500 rUbena¼ ántaMgenAkñúg
RB¼Grhtþ RB¼GannÞetSrRkabTUlsasn_EdlRtkUlFM@ man
GnafbiNÐikesdæICaedImepJImkehIy RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn Griysavk 5 ekadi manGnafbiNÐikesdæICaRbFan
sgÇwmkaresþcyagmkrbs´RB¼Gg:³ RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²ebI
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -137-
dUecña¼GñkcUrTTYláRtcIvr³ dUecñ¼ehIy [RB¼efr£TTYláRt
cIvrehIyesþcyagecjeTA . esþcdMrIáneTAQrraMgpøÚv . Pikçú
TaMgLayeXIjdUecña¼ TUlsYrRB¼manRB¼PaKfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn esþcdMrIeFVIGVI³ ? RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay
dMrIRáfñanwgfVayPikçadl´GñkTaMgLay/ k¾dMrIen¼ áneFVI«bkar£
cMeBa¼tfaKtGsraRtIyUr/ karjúaMgcitþdMrIen¼[kkrlðkmin
smKYreLIy/ sasþaRTgnaMPikçúTaMgLayesþcRtLb´ mñal
PikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaycUrRtLb´vijcu¼³.
cMENkdMrIcUleTAkandgéRBehIy RbmUlEpøeQIepßg@
manEpøxñúr nigeckCaedImmkeFVI[CaKMnr/ éf¶EsðkeLIg án
ykEpøøeQITaMgLayRbeKnPikçúTaMgena¼ . PikçúTaMg 500 rUbena¼
qanEpøEdldMrInaMmkRbeKnminGs . kñúgkaleRscPtþkic© RB¼
sasþaRTgkanáRt nigcIvresþcyagecjeTA . esþcdMrIeTA
tamcenøa¼@ énPikçúTaMgLay QrsÞakRB¼P®kþRB¼sasþa . Pikçú
-138- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
TaMgLayeXIjdUecña¼ TUlsYrRB¼manRB¼PaKfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn dMrIen¼eFVIGVI ³ ?
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay dMrIen¼nwgbBa¢ÚnBYkGñkeTAehIy
bbYl[ tfaKtRtLb´vij .
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg: y¨agena¼BitEmn¦ ?
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼ehIy .
dMrIsøabeTAekItCaeTvbuRt
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtasnwgdMrIena¼fa ²mñalálielyük£
en¼KWCakareTAminvilRtLb´rbs´tfaKt/ QankIþ/ vibsßnakIþ/
mK: nigplkþI rEmgminmandl´ÉgkñúgGtþPaBen¼eT/ ÉgcUr
Qb´enATIen¼cu¼³ dMrIánsþab´BaküdUecña¼ehIy áns‘kRbemay
cUleTAkñúgmat ERskyM edIrtameTAxageRkay@ . RbsinebI
esþcdMrIena¼nimnþRB¼sasþa[RtLb´viján rEmgbdibtþieday
Gakary¨agn+u¼ÉgrhUtGs´CIvit . cMENkRB¼sasþa esþcyag
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -139-
dl´RBMEdnRsúkehIy k¾Rtas´fa ²mñalálielyük£ cab´BI
en¼eTA minEmnCaTIkEnøgrbsÉgeT/ CaTIlMenArbs´BYkmnusß .
manGnþrayedayCuMvij/ ÉgcUrQb´cu¼³ dMrIena¼QryMenAkñúgTI
ena¼/ lu¼RB¼sasþaRTgl¼bgKnøgckçúeTA/ eb¼dUgrbsdMrIena¼
k¾Ebk . eFVIkalkiriyaehIy ekItkñúgkñúgvimanmaskMBs´ 30
eyaCn_nazantavtþigß mannageTBGbßr 1000 Cabrivar eRBa¼
esckIþRC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa maneQμa¼fa ²álielyükeTvbuRt³ .
cMENkRB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´vtþeCtBnehIyedaylMdab .
PikçúRkúgekasm<ITUlsUmxmaeTasRB¼sasþa
PikçúRkúgekasm<Idwgfa ²RB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´Rkúgsa-
vtSIehIy³ áneTAkanTIena¼ edIm,InwgRkabTUlsUmxmaeTasRB¼
sasþa . RB¼áTekaslRTgRB¼sNþabfa ²BYkPikçúRkúgekasm<I
EdlCaGñkbg;rCemøa¼TaMgena¼mk³ eTIbcUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa
TUlfa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:nwgminRBm[PikçúTaMgena¼
-140- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
cUlmkkan´ Ednrbs´¹RB¼Gg:eT³ . RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´tbfa
²bBiRtmharaC PikçúTaMgena¼CaGñkmansIl/ EtminkanykBakü
rbs´tfaKt eRBa¼vivaTKñanigKñabu¨eNÑa¼/ }LÚven¼ elakTaMg
LaymkedIm,IsUmxmaeTastfaKt bBiRtmharaC [PikçúTaMg
ena¼cUlmkcu¼³ .
cMENkGnafbiNÐikesdæITUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
¹RB¼Gg:nwgminRBm[PikçúTaMgena¼ cUlmkkanviharrbs´¹RB¼
Gg:eT³ dUecñ¼ehIy RtÚvRB¼sasþaRTghamdUcyagena¼ ehIy
ánenAes¶óm . k¾kalPikçúTaMgena¼ dlRkúgsavtSIedaylMdabehIy/
RB¼manRB¼PaK RTg[RbTanesnasn£kñúgTId¾smKYrmYy eFVI
[CaTIs¶atdl´elakTaMgLay . PikçúBYkdéTminGg:úy minQr
rYmnwgPikçúTaMgena¼ .
BYkCnGñkmkehIy@TUlsYrRB¼sasþafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn PikçúBYkNa CaPikçúRkúgekasm<I EdlCaGñkbg;rkar
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -141-
vivaTKñaena¼³ ? RB¼sasþaRTgsEmþgfa ²BYkena¼³ . PikçúRkúg
ekasm<ITaMgena¼ RtÚvBYkCnGñkmkehIy @ cgðúlfa ²nu+¼BYkPikçú
Rkúgekasm<ICaGñkbg;rCemøa¼ nu+¼BYkPikçúRkúgekasm<IEdlCaGñk
bg;rCemøa¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy minelIksirsaeLIg eRBa¼kareGon-
xμas sMyugkdakmuxcu¼eTobáTmUlénRB¼manRB¼PaK TUl
sUmxmaeTasRB¼manRB¼PaK .
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay
áneFVIkm μd¾F¶nehIy/ GñkTaMgLaysUm,IbYsehIykñúgsmñak
rbs´RB¼BuT§RákddUctfaKt/
kaltfaKtsEmþgFm’[samKI: KñamineFVI ( tam )
Bakürbs´tfaKt/ cMENkbNÐitGMBImunsþab´ {vaTrbsmata
nigbitaEdlCaGñkRtÚvRbharCIvit/ kalmata
bitaena¼sUm,IRtÚvRbharCIvit/ k¾minknøg{vaTena¼ xageRkay
ánRKgraCsm,tþikñúgEdnTaMgBIr³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´sEmþg
-142- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
TIXavukumarCatk dUcmuneTot ehIyRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg
Lay TIXavukumarsUm,IkalRB¼mata nigbitaRtÚvRbharCIvit
y¨agena¼/ k¾minQanknøg{vaTrbs´RB¼mata nigbitaTaMgena¼
ehIyxageRkaymk ánFItarbsRB¼áTRBhμTtþRKgraCsm,tþi
kñúgEdnekasl nigkasI/ cMENkBYkGñkTaMgLaymineFVI ( tam )
Bakürbs´tfaKt eFVIkm μF¶nNas´³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´RB¼
Kafaen¼fa ½
5 ber c n viCannþi myemtS ymames
ey c ttS viCannþi teta sm μnþi emFKa .
CnTaMgLaydéT ( eRkAGMBIbNÐit ) Etgmindwg
xøÜnfa eyIgTaMgLaynwgvinaskñúgkNþalénBYk
en¼dUecñ¼eLIy cMENkCnTaMgLayNa kñúgBYk
en¼ dwgxøÜnfa eyIgTaMgLaynwgvinaskñúgkNþal
xu¿ Ca¿ bBa©k¿ .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -143-
énBYken¼ dUecñ¼kareQøa¼RbEkkTaMgLay rEmg
rm¶ab´BICnTaMgena¼ .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa ber CaedIm esckIþfa BYkCn
GñkeFVIkareQøa¼RbEkkKña evorbNÐitTaMgLayecj KWBYkdéT
eRkAGMBIbNÐitena¼ eQμa¼fa BYkCndéT/ BYkCndéTena¼ eFVIkar
xVl´xVayenAkñúgCMnuMsgÇena¼ rEmgmindwgxøÜnfa ²eyIgTaMgLay
rEmgvinas ándl´ cUleTAkanTICiténsmñakmc©úCanic© ³ .
áTRB¼Kafafa ey c ttS viCannþi esckIþfa CnTaMg
LayNa EdlCabNÐitkñúgBYkena¼ rEmgdwgxøÜnfa ²eyIgTaMg
Lay rEmgcUleTAkanTICiténmc©ú ³ .
áTRB¼Kafafa teta smμnþi emFKa esckIþfa CnTaMg
ena¼dwgy¨agen¼ehIy eFVITukkñúgcitþedayRbéBehIy rEmgbdi-
btþiedIm,Is¶b´karBüayam KWkareQøa¼RbEkkKña/ kalebIdUecña¼
-144- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
kareQøa¼RbEkkKñaTaMgena¼ rEmgs¶b´ eRBa¼karbdibtþirbs´
bNÐitTaMgena¼ .
mü¨ageTot Kb,IRCabkarGFib,aykñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ y¨ag
en¼fa ber c CaedIm esckIþfa CnTaMgLaysUm,IEdleyIg
( tfaKt ) eBaleRbónRbedAfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay
kuMeQøa¼RbEkkKñaeLIy³ dUecñ¼CaedIm kñúgkalmunk¾minsþab
eRBa¼minTTYl{vaTrbs´tfaKt eQμa¼fa CnBYkdéT . BYkCn
déTena¼rEmgmindwgxøÜnfa ²eyIgTaMgLayRbkanxus eday
GMNacGKti manqnÞaKtiCaedIm rEmgvinas ándl´ Büayam
edIm,IjúaMgkarceRmInénehtuEdleFVIesckIþvinas mankareQøa¼
RbEkkKñaCaedImkñúgkNþalCMnuMsgdz . Et}LÚven¼ bursCa
bNÐitTaMgLayNa kñúgrvagénelakTaMgLayena¼ BicarNa
dwgc,as´fa kalmuneyIgTaMgLayBüayamedayGMNacGKti
manqnÞaKtiCaedIm bdibtþiedayminRbéB/ BüayameQøa¼RbEkk
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -145-
Kña }LÚven¼ kareQøa¼RbEkkKñaTaMgen¼ rEmgs¶b´GMBIsmñak
bNÐitTaMgLayena¼@ KWeRBa¼GaRs&ybursEdlCabNÐitTaMg
Layena¼ .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúEdlRbCuMKñaena¼ ántaMgenAkñúg
GriyplTaMgLay manesatabtþiCaedIm dUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgPikçúPikçúRkúgekasm<I cb´ )
r o s
6 erOgculøkal nig mhakal
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalesþccUleTAGaRs&yestBünKr RTg´
KgenAkñúgéRBFñg RTgRárB§culøkal nigmhakal Rtas´Fm μ-
eTsnaen¼fa ²suPanubsßw vihrnþM ³ CaedIm .
esckIþBisþarfa kudum<Ik_GñkRsúkestBünKr 3 nakbg
bðÚn KWculøkal 1 mCÄimkal 1 mhakal 1 . bNþabgbðÚn
TaMg 3 nakena¼ bgRbúsc,g nigbðÚnRbúseBA RtaceTAkñúgTis
TaMgLaynaMTMnijmkedayreT¼ 500 . mCÄimkallkTMnij
Edlbg nigbðÚnnaMmk .
xageRkaymk sm&ymYy bgbðÚnTaMgBIrena¼pÞúkTMnij
epßg@ edayreT¼ 500 eTAkanRkúgsavtSI eda¼reT¼TaMgLay
kñúgcenøa¼RkúgsavtSI nigvtþeCtBn .
mhakalsþabFm’’ehIylabðÚnRbúseTAbYs
bNþabgbðÚnBIrnakena¼ mhakaleXIjGriysavk
TaMgLayGñkRkúgsavtSI manédkankRmgp;a nigeRKÓgRkGUbCa
edImedIm,IeTAsþab´Fm’’kñúgevlal¶ac eTIbsYrfa ²CnTaMgena¼eTA
Nahñ+³ ? ánsþab´esckIþena¼ehIyKitfa ²sUm,IeyIgk¾nwgeTA
Edr³ ehAbðÚnRbúsmkehIy Rábfa ²éhá ÉgcUrCaGñkminRbmaT
kñúgreT¼TaMgLay/ cMENkbgnwgeTAsþab´Fm’’³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTA
fVaybg:MRB¼tfaKt Gg:úyenATIbMputénbris&TTaMgLay .
éf¶ena¼ RB¼sasþa kalnwgRtas´GnubuBVIkfatamGFüa-
Rs&yrbsmhakalena¼ eTIbRtas´eTas nigkaresAhμgrbs´
kamTaMgLayedaybriyayCaeRcIn edayGMNacénsURt man
Tukçkçn§sURtCaedIm . mhakalánsþab´Fm μeTsnaena¼ehIy
k¾Kitfa ²mnusßyIgcaMácRtÚvl¼bgvtSúTaMgBYgehIyeTA/ ePaK£
( nig ) jatiTaMgLay rEmgminCab´tambuK:lGñkeTAkanbrelak
eLIy/ eyIgnwgRtÚvkarGVIedaykarenARKb´RKgpÞ¼ eyIgnwgbYs³
-148- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
kalmhaCnTaMgLayfVaybg:MehIyecosecjeTA TUlsUm
bBVC¢anwgRB¼sasþa kalRB¼sasþaRtas´sYrfa ²GñkdéTEdl
GñkKYrlaminmaneT¦³ ? TUlfa ²bðÚnRbúsrbs´¹RB¼Gg:man³
kalRB¼Gg:Rtas´fa ²ebIdUecña¼ GñkcUreTAlaeKcu¼³ TTYlfa
²RbéBehIy RB¼Gg:³ RtLb´mkRáb´bðÚnRbúsdUecñ¼fa ²mñalbðÚn
Rbús bðÚnÉgcUrRKb´RKgsm,tþiTaMgGs´en¼cu¼³ .
c¿ k¾bgÉgdUcemþcEdr ?
m¿ bgnwgbYskñúgsmñakRB¼sasþa . eKGgVrbgRbús
ena¼edayRbkarepßg@ k¾minGac[RtLb´viján/ eTIbeBal
fa ²lðehIybg sUmbgeFVItamGFüaRs&ycu¼³ . mhakaleTA
bYskñúgsmñakRB¼sasþa . cMENkculøkalk¾ ( eTA ) bYs
edaytaMgcitþfa ²eyIgnwgbbYlbgRbús[swk³ .
RB¼mhakalbMeBjesasanikFutg:
kñúgkalxageRkaymk mhakalán«bsm,TaehIy
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -149-
cUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa TUlsYrdl´Fur£kñúgRB¼sasna/ kal
RB¼sasþaRtas´Ráb´Fur£BIry¨agehIy/ TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾
ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minGacbMeBjKnSFur£áneT eRBa¼¹RB¼Gg:
bYskñúgkalEdlxøÜnCamnusßcas´/ bu¨EnþnwgbMeBjvibsßnaFur£
[bribUN’³ TUlsUmRB¼Gg:[Rtas´Ráb´esasanikFutg:rhUt
dl´RB¼Grhtþ/ lu¼knøgbzmyam kalmhaCnedklkGs´
RKb´KñaehIy/ eTAkanéRBs μsanevlaeTobPWø kalCnTaMgGs´
enAminTaneRkakeLIg ( PJak ) enAeLIyRtLb´mkkanviharvij .
rebobGñkenAkñúgéRBsμsan
RKaena¼ ®sþIGñkrksuIerobcMexμacmñakeQ μa¼kaLI Gñkyam
éRBs μsaneXIjTIQr TIGg:úy nigTIc®g;mrbs´RB¼efr£ Kitfa
²nrNahñ+ mkkanTIen¼ ? eyIgnwgrgcaMcab´xøÜn³ kalminGac
cab´án/ éf¶mYy eTIbdutRbTIbTukkñúgxÞmCitéRBs μsan naMbuRt
FItaeTABYncaMemIlenAkñúgTIkEnøgmYy eXIjRB¼efr£edIrmkkñúg
-150- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
mCÄimyam eTIbeTAfVaybg:M ehIyniyayfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´
d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´sñakenAkñúgTIkEnøgrbs´BYk¹en¼¦ ?
f¿ Br «ásika .
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaGñkenAkñúgéRBs μ-
sanTaMgLayeronrebob ( mun ) eTIbsmKYr .
RB¼efr£mineBalfa ²GatμaPaBnwgRbRBwtþtamrebobEdl
nagRáb´ehIydUcemþceTA³ ? RtLb´eBalfa ²mñal«ásika
eFVIy¨agNaeTA eTIbKYr³ ?
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaGñkenAkñúgéRBs μ-
sanTaMgLay KYrRáb´GñkyaméRBs μsan RB¼mhaefr£kñúg
vihar nigemRsúkCamunsin .
f¿ eRBa¼ehtuGVI ?
s¿ eRBa¼BYkecareFVIkm μehIyRtÚvBYkm©as ( RTBü ) edj
tamsñameCIgeTA k¾eá¼kBa©b´PNУTukkñúgéRBs μsan ehIy
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -151-
ecosecjeTA kalebIdUecña¼ BYkmnusßk¾ ( ecameram ) eFVIGnþ-
raydl´mnusßGñkenAkñúgéRBs μsan bu¨EnþkalánRáb´Gñk
EdlmantYnaTITaMgena¼ehIy GñkTaMgGs´ena¼ rEmgCYykarBar
Gnþrayán edayeBalG¼Gagfa ²BYk¹sUmFanafa elak
m©as´d¾ceRmInen¼ CaGñkenAéRBBitEmn elakminEmnCaecareT
eRBa¼ehtuena¼ caMácRtÚvRáb´GñkTaMgGs´ena¼ .
f¿ etImankic©GVIdéTeToteT EdlGatμaPaBRtÚveFVI ?
s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaelakm©as´EdlCa
GñkenAkñúgéRBs μsan caMácevorvtSúTaMgLayman RtI sac emßA
l¶ nigs;rGMeBACaedIm/ minKYrswgeBléf¶ minKYrCaGñkx¢il
RcGUs KYrRárB§esckIþBüayam/ minCaGñkGYtGag minCaGñk
eákRás CaGñkmanGFüaRs&ylð eBlybkalCnTaMgLay
edklkGsehIy Kb,IecjcakviharmkkanéRBsμsan/ evla
eTobPWø kalBYkCnRKb´KñaenAminTaneRkak ( PJakBIedk ) Kb,I
-152- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
mkkanviharvij/ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn ebIelakm©as´enA
kñúgTIen¼ edayGakaryagen¼ena¼ nwgGacjúaMgkic©rbs´bBVCit
[dl´TIbMpután/ ebIBYkCnnaMsaksBmkeá¼ecal/ nag¹nwg
elIkeLIgkanpÞ¼kMBUl EdlRkaledaysMBtkm<leFVIsk;ar-
bUCaedayvtSúTaMgLay maneRKÓgRkGUb nigkRmgp;aeQICaedIm
ehIyeFVIkardutsaksB/ RbsinebIelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn enAmin
TanGacjúaMgkic©rbsbBVCit[dlTIbMputánena¼ nag¹nwgelIk
eLIgkaneCIgf; ehIybg;atePIøgdut ykTMBkTaj ( saksB )
ecjmkdakxageRkA ci®Ba©aMedayBUefA Bnø¼[CakMNattUc
kMNatFM ehIydakkñúgePIøg sEmþgdl ( elakm©as´d¾ceRmIn )
ehIyeTIbdut .
eBlena¼RB¼efr£eBalnwgnagkaLIena¼fa ²lðehIynag
d¾ceRmIn k¾nageXIjrUárm μN_NamYyehIy cUrRáb´GatμaPaB
cu¼³ nagkaLITTYlfa ²RB¼kruNaelakm©as³ RB¼efr£eFVIsmN-
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -153-
Fm’’enAkñúgéRBs μsantamGFüaRs&yrbsxøÜn .
RB¼culøkalGpßúk
cMENkRB¼culøkaletSredkeRkak@ nwkdlXravas dl
buRt nigPriya ehIyKitfa ²bgRbúsrbseyIgen¼ eFVIkm μF¶n
éRkElg³ .
RB¼mhakalBicarNasaksBkulFIta
RKaena¼ kulFItamñakáneFVIkalkiriya søab´enAkñúg
evlal¶ac KWenAminTanesøksøaMg eRBa¼BüaFikeRmIkeLIgmYy
ePøtena¼ . BYkjatiEsgsaksBkulFItaena¼ eTAkanéRBs μ-
sankñúgevlal¶ac RBmTaMg«bkrN_sRmab´dutepßg@ man«s
nigeRbgCaedIm [éføQñÜldl´®sþIGñkrkßaéRBs μsan eday
Baküfa ²nagcUrcatEcgdutsaksBen¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy RbKl´
( saksB ) [ehIy ecosecjeTA . nageda¼sMBtdNþb´
rbs´kulFItaena¼ecjehIy eXIjsrIr£Edlsøab´RtwmEtmYy
-154- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
ePøtena¼EsnRbNIt manBN’dUcmas eTIbKitfa ²Garm μN_
en¼KYrnwgsEmþgdl´elakm©as´³ ehIyeTARkabfVaybg:MRB¼efr£
eBalfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn GarmμN_Ebben¼man/ sUm
elakm©as´Kb,IeTABicarNacu¼³ .
RB¼fr£TTYlfa ²ceRmInBr³ dUecñ¼ehIy [elIksMBt
dNþb´ecjehIy BicarNataMgGMBIáTeCIg rhUtdl´cugsk
ehIyniyayfa ²rUben¼RbNItéRkElgNas´ manBN’dUcCa
mas/ nagKb,IdakrUben¼kñúgePIøg kalNaEdlrUben¼RtÚv
GNþatePIøgFMrMlayehIy swmRáb´GatμaPaB³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTA
kanlMenArbs´xøÜnvij . nageFVIy¨agena¼ehIy eTIbRáb´RB¼
efr£/ RB¼efr£eTABicarNa . kúñgTIEdlRtÚvGNþatePIøgb¨¼xÞb´
ehIy@ BN’énsrIr£ándUcCaemeKadag eCIgTaMgBIrsMyugcu¼
édTaMg BIrrYjcUl f¶asmanEs,krsatecj .
RB¼mhakalseRmcRB¼Grhtþ
RB¼efr£BicarNafa ²srIr£en¼CaFm μCatitaMgenAkñúgh¬-
T&y eFVI[minmanTIbMputdl´buK:lGñkRkeLkemIlkñúgkalmun/
Et}LÚven¼ ( RtLb ) dl´nUvkarGseTA sUnüeTA³ . RtLb´eTA
kanTIsRmakeBlyb´ Gg:úyBicarNadl´karGs´eTA nigsUnü
eTA ehIyeBalKafafa ½
²sgçarTaMgLaymineTogEmnBit mankiriyaekIteLIg
nwgvinaseTAvijCaFm μta/ ekIteLIgehIy rEmgrlt
eTAvij lu¼EtrltnUvsgçarTaMgLayena¼ehIy eTIb
ánnUvesckIþsux³ .
cMerInvibsßnaánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ RBmTaMgbdismÖiTa
TaMgLay kalRB¼efr£ánseRmcCaRB¼GrhtþehIy/ RB¼-
sasþamanPikçúsgÇecameram esþcyageTAkanestBünKr
ehIyesþcyagcUlkanéRBFñg .
BYkPriyarbs´RB¼culøkal án|fa RB¼sasþaesþc
-156- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
yagmkdl´ehIy Kitfa ²BYkeyIgnwg ( CYyKña ) cab´sVamIrbs´
BYkeyIg³ dUecñ¼ehIy bBa¢Ún ( GñkbeRmI ) eTAGaraFnanimnþRB¼
sasþa .
rebobRkalGasn£sm&yBuT§kal
k¾kñúgsSanTIEdlRB¼BuT§TaMgLay minRTgsñiT§sñal KYr
PikçúmYyrUbGñkRáb´karRkalGasn£ nigRtÚveTAmun k¾Gasn£
sRmab´RB¼BuT§TaMgLayKb,I[RkalenAcMkNþal/ Gasn£
sMrabRB¼sarIbutþetSrKb,IRkalxagsþaM/ Gasn£sRmabRB¼mha
emaK:løanetSr Kb,I[RkalxageqVgénGasn£rbsRB¼BuT§Gasn£
sRmab´PikçúsgÇ Kb,I[RkalxagTaMgBIrbnÞab´GMBIena¼eTA .
eRBa¼dUecña¼ RB¼mhaefr£sRmakenAkñúgTIXøúMcIvr bBa¢ÚnRB¼culø-
kaleTAfa ²elakcUreTAmun Ráb´rebobRkalGasn£cu¼³ .
RB¼culøkalRtÚv®sþIcabpßwk
BYkCnkñúgpÞ¼ eFVIkaresIccMGk[elak cab´BIkalEdl
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -157-
BYkeKeXIjelak ( Ekøg ) RkalGasn£TabsRmab´RB¼sgÇetSr
RkalGasn£x<s´sRmab´sgÇnvk . RB¼culøkalRáb´fa ²BYk
nagcUrkuMeFVIy¨agena¼/ cUrRkalGasn£x<s´kñúgTIx<s´ Rkal
Gasn£TabkñúgTITab³ .
BYk®sþIeFVIdUcmin|Bakürbs´elak KRmamfa ²elakedIr
eFVIGI ? naTI[RkalGasn£minsmKYrdl´elak¦ ? elakla
nrNaeTAbYs ? nrNaCaGñkRBm[elakeTAbYs ? mkTIen¼eFVI
GVI³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy CYyKñaTajs,g nigcIvrecj ehIy[esøók
sMBts BakkRmgp;aeQIelIsirsa ehIybBa¢ÚneTAedayBakü
fa ²elakcUreTAnaMRB¼sasþamk/ BYkeyIgnwgRkalGasn£³ .
culøkaltaMgenAkñúgPav£énPikçúGs´kalminyUr minTan
manvsßaenAeLIyk¾swk eTIbminxμaseGon eRBa¼ehtuena¼
eTIbCaGñkGs´esckIþreg:ósedaykiriyaGakarena¼ eTAfVaybg:M
RB¼sasþaehIy naMPikçúsgÇ manRB¼BuT§CaRbFanmk .
-158- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
k¾kñúgkaleRscPtþkic©rbs´PikçúsgÇ BYkPriyarbs
mhakalk¾KitKñafa ²®sþITaMgen¼rYmKñacab´sVamIrbs´xøÜnán BYk
eyIgk¾nwgcab´sVamIrbs´BYkeyIgEdr³ eTIb[nimnþRB¼sasþa
edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´karesayPtþaharkñúgéf¶Esðk .
RB¼mhakalk¾RtÚvPriyacabpßwk
k¾kñúgkalena¼ PikçúrUbdéTáneTA ( Ráb´ ) rebobRkal
Gasn£ . ®sþITaMgena¼minán{kas kñúgxN£ena¼ GaraFnaPikçú
sgÇmanRB¼BuT§CaRbFan[Kg ehIyánfVayPikça/ k¾culø-
kalmanPriyaBIrnak/ mCÄimkalmanbYnnak/ mhakalman
RáMbInak/ cMENkPikçúTaMgLayRáfñaeFVIPtþkic© k¾ánGg:úyeFVI
Ptþkic© .
BYkEdlRáfñaeTAxageRkAk¾eRkakecjeTA/ cMENkRB¼-
sasþaRbfab´KgRTgeFVIPtþkic© . kñúgkaleRscPtþkic©rbs´RB¼
Gg:ehIy ®sþITaMgena¼RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUm
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -159-
[RB¼mhakaleFVIGnuemaTna dl´BYk¹RB¼Gg:ehIy swmnimnþ
eTA/ sUmRB¼Gg:esþcyageTAmuncu¼³ .
RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa ²RbéBehIy³ esþcyageTAmun
ehIy lu¼dl´TVarRsúkPikçúsgÇk¾elIkeTasfa ²ehtudUcemþc
eTIbRB¼sasþaRTgeFVIy¨aghñwg ? etIRB¼Gg:RTgRCabehIy eTIb
RTgeFVI ¦k¾RTgminRCabeFVIhñ+ ? kalBImßilGnþrayénbBVC¢aekIt
eLIgdl´culøkal eRBa¼culøkalena¼nimnþeTAmuneK/ éf¶en¼Gnþ-
rayminánmaneRBa¼PikçúdéTnimnþeTAmun/ }LÚven¼ RB¼sasþa
[RB¼mhakalRtLb´ ehIyesþcyagmkmun/ k¾PikçúEdlman
sIldl´RBmedayGacar£ ®sþITaMgena¼nwgeFVIGnþrayénbBVC¢a
dl´RB¼mhakalena¼ánEdr¦³ ?
RB¼sasþa RTgRB¼sNþabnUvBakürbsPikçúTaMgena¼ehIy
esþcyagmkRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay
eBalnUvBaküGVI³ ? PikçúTaMgena¼ k¾RkabTUlnUvesckIþnu+¼ .
-160- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaysm:al´mhakal
fa dUcCaculøkal¦ ?
P¿ y¨agena¼ehIy RB¼Gg: eRBa¼culøkalena¼manPriya
BIrnak ( cMENk ) RB¼mhakalen¼manPriyadl´eTA 8 nak/
elakRtÚvPriyaTaMg 8 BT§cab´ehIy nwgeFVIGVIán ?
RB¼mhakalCaGñkminjabj&r
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaykuM
niyayy¨agena¼eLIy/ eRBa¼culøkaleRkakeLIgehIy eRkak
eLIgRBmehIy eRcIneTAedaykareXIjnUvGarmμN_falð dUcedIm
eQIEdlmankmøaMgTuBVldu¼enAEk,rmateRCa¼ nigTIPMñEdldac/
cMENkRB¼mhakal buRtrbs´tfaKttameXIjGarm μN_fa min
lð CaGñkminjab´j&r dUcCaPMñfμtan³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit
RB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½
6 suPanubsßw vihrnþM }®nÞieysu GsMvutM
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -161-
ePaCnmHi GmtþBaØúM kusItM hInviriyM
tM ev bshtI maera vaeta rukçMv TuBVlM .
GsuPanubsßw vihrnþM }®nÞieysu susMvutM
ePaCnmHi c mtþBaØúM sT§M GarT§viriyM
tM ev nb,shtI maera vaeta eslMv bBVtM .
buK:ltameXIjnUvGarm μN_falð minsRgÜmkñúg}®nÞIy_
TaMgLay mindwgRbmaNkñúgePaCn x¢ilRcGUs man
BüayamFUrfy kielsmar rEmgRKbsg;tbuK:lena¼
Ég dUcxül´EdlRKbsg;tedImeQITuBVldUecña¼ . É
buK:lEdltameXIjnUvGarm μN_faminlð sRgÜmRbéB
kñúg}®nÞIy_TaMgLay dwgRbmaNkñúgePaCn mansT§a
RárB§Büayam kielsmarEtgRKbsg;tbuK:lena¼
minán dUcxül´RKbsg;tPMñfμtanminándUecña¼ .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa suPanubsßw ándl´Gñktam
eXIjnUvGarm μN_falð . GFib,ayfa GñkbeNþaycitþeTAkñúg
Garm μN_EdlKYrRáfña . k¾buK:lNakalkanyknimiμtGnu-
BüBa¢n£ rEmgkan´ykfa ²RkckTaMgLaylð / sðat³ . kan
ykfa ²RmamTaMgLaylð / sðat³ . kanykfa ²édTaMgBIr
eCIgTaMgBIr s μgTaMgBIr ePøATaMgBIr ceg;¼ eBa¼ sudnüTaMgBIr k
bbUrmat eFμjTaMgLay mat Rcmu¼ EPñkTaMgBIr RtecokTaMg
BIr cieBa©ImTaMgBIr f¶as skTaMgLay lð sðat³ . kan´yk
fa ²sk eram Rkck eFμj Es,k lð sðat³ . ( ¦ ) kan
ykfa ²BN’lð RTgRTaylð³ . buK:lena¼ eQ μa¼fa tam
eXIjnUvGarm μN_falð . buK:lena¼ KWGñktameXIjnUvGa-
rm μN_falðy¨agena¼ .
bTfa }®niÞeysu ándl´ kñúg}®nIÞy_ 6 manckçú®nIÞy_
CaedIm .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -163-
bTfa GsMvutM ándl GñkminrkßaTVarTaMgLay man
ckçúTVarCaedIm .
bTfa GmtþBaØúM esckIþfa EdleQμa¼fa Gñkmins:al´
RbmaNkñúgePaCn eRBa¼mindwgRbmaNen¼ KWRbmaNkñúgkar
EsVgrk RbmaNkñúgkarTTYl RbmaNkñúgkarbriePaK . n&y
mü¨ageTot EdleQμa¼fa Gñkmins:al´RbmaNeRBa¼mindwgRb-
maNen¼ KWRbmaNkñúgkarBicarNa RbmaNkñúgkarl¼ KWmin
dwgfa ²ePaCnen¼RbkbedayFm’’ en¼minRbkbedayFm’’³ .
bTfa kusItM esckIþfa EdleQμa¼faGñkx¢ilRcGUs
eRBa¼PaBCaGñkRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacénkamvitk; BüaáTvitk; nig
vihwgßavitk; .
bTfa hInviriyM esckIþfa GñkminmanesckIþBüayam
KWGñkevorcakesckIþBüayamkñúg}riyabfTaMg 4 .
bTfa bshtI ERbfa rEmgRKbsg;t KWjaMjI .
-164- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
áTRB¼Kafa vaeta rukçMv TuBVlM esckIþfa dUcxül´d¾
mankmøaMgjúaMgedImeQIEdlmankmøaMgTuBVl Edldu¼enAEk,r
mateRCa¼ . GFib,ayfa dUcyagfa xül´ena¼ júaMgcMENk
epßg@ manp;a Epø swøkx©ICaedIm énedImeQIena¼[Føakcu¼mkxø¼
kacEmktUcxø¼ kacEmkFMxø¼ bkdkedImeQIena¼RBmTaMg¬s
eFVI[¬seLIgxagelI Emkcu¼eRkam y¨agNamuij/ mar KWki-
elsEdlekItkñúgxagkñúg rEmgjúaMgbuK:lEbbena¼án dUecña¼
Edr/ KWkielsmareFVI[RtÚvGabtþitUc@ dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMg
júaMgcMENkepßg@ manp;a Epø swøkx©ICaedIm énedImeQIEdl
mankmøaMgTuBVl[RCú¼cu¼mkxø¼/ eFVI[RtÚvGabtþimannisßK:Iy_Ca
edIm dUcxül´d¾mankmøaMgeFVIkarkacEmkeQItUc@xø¼/ eFVI[RtÚv
GabtþisgÇaTiessTaMg 13 dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMgeFVIkarkac
EmkeQIFMxø¼/ eFVI[RtÚvGabtþiáraCiknaMecjcaksasna Edl
RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgRtas´lðehIy [dl´PaBCaRKhsSeday
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -165-
BIrbIéf¶bu¨eNÑa¼ dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMgdk ( edImeQI ) eFVI[rlM
cu¼ man¬seLIgelI manEmkcu¼eRkamxø¼ . kielsmarrEmg
jaMjIbuK:lEbbena¼ [RbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacrbs´xøÜn .
bTfa GsuPanubsßw esckIþfa GñkeXIjnUvGarm μN_
minlð 10 y¨ag y¨agNanImYyfaminlð . KWRbkbkñúgmn-
sikaredayPaBCarbs´bdikUl ándl´ eXIjskTaMgLay
edayPaBCarbs´minlð minsðat eXIjeram Rkck eFμj
Es,k BN’sm,úr RTgRTayedayPaBCarbsminlð minsðat .
bTfa }®niÞeysu ándl´kñúg}®nÞIy_ 6 . bTfa
susMvutM ándl´ GñkRáscakkarkan´yk mankarkan´yk
nUvnim μitCaedIm KWGñkmanTVarEdlbiTehIy .
bTfa mtþBaØúM esckIþfa Gñks:al´RbmaNkñúgePaCn
mann&ypÞúynwgPaBCaGñkmins:al´RbmaN .
bTfa sT§M esckIþfa GñkRbkbedayelakiysT§a man
-166- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal
kareCOkm μ nigplCalkçN£ 1 nigRbkbedayelakutþrsT§a
eBalKWkarRC¼føa EdlminkeRmIkjab´j&rkñúgvtSúTaMg 3 mYy .
bTfa GarT§viriyM ándl´ Gñkp:geLIgnUvesckIþBüa-
yam KWCaGñkmankarBüayameBjeljehIy .
bTfa tM ev ándl´ buK:lena¼ KWEbbena¼ .
GFib,ayfa xül´EdlmankmøaMgexßay bkRsal@
rEmgminGac[silatanjab´j&rány¨agNamij kielsmar
EdlmankmøaMgexßay sUm,IekIteLIgkñúgxagkñúg rEmgRKbsg;t
( buK:lena¼ ) minán KWminGaceFVI[jab´j&rrBa¢Üyán dUecña¼ .
mhakaleha¼eKcPriya
®sþITaMgena¼ EdlCaPriyacas´rbs´RB¼mhakalena¼
eLamBT§RB¼efr£ ehIyeBalBaküCaedImfa ²elaklanrNa
eTAbYs }LÚven¼ elakswk ¦k¾minswk³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy án
naMecjnUvsMBtTaMgLay ( rbs´RB¼efr£ ) .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -167-
RB¼efr£kMNtGakarrbs´®sþIena¼ánehIy eRkakcak
Gasn£ ehIyeha¼eTAeday¬T§i TmøaynUvehaCagéndMbUlpÞ¼
kMBUl eTAtamGakas/ kalRB¼sasþaRTgRtas´Kafacb´/ sr-
esIrRB¼srIr£rbs´RB¼sasþaEdlmanvNÑ£dUcmas cu¼mkfVay
bg:MRB¼yuKláTrbs´RB¼tfaKt .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúEdlRbCuMKña taMgenAkñúgGriypl
TaMgLay manesatabtþiplCaedIm dUecñ¼Ég .
( erOgculøkal nigmhakalcb´ )
r o s
7 erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§karán
sMBtkasav£EdlbuK:lnaMmkBIEdnKn§ar£rbs´RB¼eTvTtþ kñúg
RkúgraCRKw¼ Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²Gnik;saeva³ CaedIm .
RB¼sarIbuRtsEmþgFm’’dlGñkRkúgraCRKw¼
esckIþBisþarfa sm&ymYy RB¼GK:savkTaMgBIrnaMbri-
varrbsxøÜnmYyGg:@ 500 rUb eTATUllaRB¼sasþaehIy án
ecjcakvtþeCtBn eTAkanRkúgraCRKw¼ .
GñkRkúgraCRKw¼rYmKñaCaBYk manBIrnakxø¼ bInakxø¼ eRcIn
nakxø¼ fVayGaKnþúkTan . éf¶mYy RB¼sarIbuRtkalnwgeFVI
GnuemaTna ánsEmþgFm’’y¨agen¼fa ²«ásk «ásikaTaMg
LayEdlfVayTanedayxøÜnÉg ( Et ) minbbYlGñkdéT/ Tayk
ena¼ rEmgánePaKsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ ( Et ) min
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -169-
ánbrivarsm,tþi/ GñkbbYlCndéTeFVI cMENkxøÜnÉgmin[/ Gñk
ena¼ rEmgánbrivarsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ ( Et ) min
ánePaKsm,tþi/ GñkEdlmin[edayxøÜnÉgpg minbbYlCn
déTpg buK:lena¼ rEmgminánsUm,IvtSúRtwmEtáycugGg;rl μm
cMEGtépÞánedayRk rEmgCamnusßGnafa rkbc©&yminán
kñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@/ GñkEdl[TanedayxøÜnÉgpg TaMg
bbYlCndéT[[pg buK:lena¼rEmgánTaMgePaKsm,tþi TaMg
brivarsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ Gs´ryGtþPaBxø¼ Ban
GtþPaBxø¼ EsnGtþPaBxø¼ .
nimnþPikçú 1000 rUbTTYlPtþahar
bursEdlCabNÐitmñak sþab´RB¼Fm μeTsnaena¼ehIy
Kitfa ²Gñkd¾ceRmInRB¼Fm μeTsnaKYrGs©arüNas´/ elakm©as´
sarIbuRteBalehtuénesckIþsux/ eyIgKYrEteFVIkm μEdljúaMg
sm,tþiTaMgBIrena¼[seRmc³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbnimnþRB¼efr£fa
-170- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn éf¶Esðken¼ sUmelakm©as´TaMg
LayTTYlPikçarbs´¹RB¼kruNa³ .
RB¼efr£sYrfa ²«ásk GñkRtÚvkarPikçúb¨unμanGg: «ásk
sYrRtLb´eTAvijfa ²PikçúEdlCabrivarrbs´elakm©as´ man
bu¨nμanGg:³ ?
f¿ mñal«ásk manRbmaN 1000 Gg: .
«¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn sUmelakm©as´mYyGenøI
edayPikçúCabrivarTaMgGs´emtþaTTYlPikçarbs´¹ . RB¼efr£TTYl
ehIyedaytuNHIPaB .
«áskbbYlGñkRsúkfVayPtþahar
«áskRtaceTAkñúgfñl´RB¼nKr bbYledayBaküfa
²mñalGñkTaMgLay ¹nimnþPikçúTuk 1000 rUb GñkTaMgLaynwg
GacfVayPikçamancMnYnb¨unμan ? BYkmnusßeBaledaysmKYr
dl´kmøaMgrbs´xøÜn@ fa BYk¹nwgRbeKndl´Pikçú 10 rUb/ BYk¹
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -171-
20 rUb BYk¹ 100 rUb .
«áskeBalfa ²ebIdUecña¼ eyIgTaMgLaynwgRbCMuKñadaM
sørYmKñakñúgTIEtmYycu¼/ sUmelakRKb´@Kña cUrrYbrYmvtSúepßg@
maneRbg l¶ Gg;r Twkeda¼føa s;rGMeBACaedIm³ dUecñ¼ehIy [
rYmKñaTukkñúgTIEtmYy . RKaena¼ kudum<Ik_mñak[sMBtkasav£Edl
naMmkBIEdnKn§ar£Edlmantémø 1 Esn dl´«áskena¼ ehIy
Ráb´fa ²ebIvtSúsRmab´[Tanrbs´elak minRKb´RKaneT/
elakcUrcMNaysMBtmYypÞaMgen¼ [RKb´cMENkEdlxV¼xat
cu¼/ ebIvtSúsRmab´eFVITanrbselakRKb´RKanehIy elakcUrRb-
eKn ( sMBtmYypÞaMgen¼ ) dl´PikçúrUbNaEdlelakRáfña³ .
RKaena¼ vtSúsRmab´[TanRKb´y¨agrbs´«áskena¼ RKb´RKan
ehIy . vtSúNa@ eQμa¼faxV¼xatminman eTIb«áskena¼sYr
mnusßTaMgLayfa ²sMBtkasav£Edlmantémøkatéføminán
mYypÞaMgen¼ Edlkudum<Ik_mñakeBalyagen¼ ehIyRbKl´[¹ .
-172- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
eTyüFm’’ ( rbs´BYkeyIg ) k¾manenAsl´pgEdr/ eyIgTaMgLay
nwgRbeKnsMBtkasav£mYypÞaMgen¼ dl´elakm©as´Gg:Na³ ?
RbeKnsMBttémømYyEsndleTvTtþ
BYkxø¼eBalfa ²RbeKndl´RB¼sarIbutþetSr³ BYkxø¼eBal
fa ²RB¼efr£eRcInmkkñúgevlasnÞÚgmanPaBcas´CuMvijehIy k¾
eTACaRbRktI RB¼eTvTtþCasmøajkñúgBiFImg:l nigGBVmg:l
TaMgLayrbs´BYkeyIg taMgenACanic©dUcBagTwk/ BYkeyIgnwg
RbeKnsMBtmYypÞaMgena¼dl´elak³ sUm,IkalBaküRbRBwtþeTA
eRcInpøÚv ( y¨agena¼ ) BYkEdleBalfa ²KYrRbeKndl´eTvTtþ³
mancMnYneRcInCag . kalebIdUecña¼ eTIbBYkeKánRbeKnsMBt
kasav£ena¼dl´eTvTtþ .
RB¼eTvTtþesøókdNþbsMBt´kasav£
minsmKYrdlxøÜn
RB¼eTvTtþkatsMBtena¼ehIy edrRClkehIy esøók
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -173-
dNþb´ehIyRtaceTA . BYkmnusßeXIjelakehIy k¾niyay
Kñafa ²sMBtmYypÞaMgen¼minsmKYrdl´eTvTtþeT smKYrdl´RB¼
sarIbuRt RB¼eTvTtþesøókdNþb´sMBtEdlminsmKYrdl´xøÜn
RtaceTA³ . RKaena¼ PikçúGñkenAkñúgTisepßgmYyrUb ( ecj ) GMBI
RkúgraCRKw¼eTAkanRkúgsavtSIfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa CaGñkEdlRB¼
sasþaRTgeFVIbdisNæar£ Rtas´sYrdl´ karenACasuxrbs´RB¼
GK:savkTaMgBIrehIy k¾RkabTUlerOgena¼ taMgGMBIedImfVay
RB¼sasþa .
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikç eTvTtþena¼RTRTgsMBt
EdlminsmKYrdl´xøÜnkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼k¾eT/ sUm,Ikñúg
kalmuneTvTtþk¾Føab´RTRTgEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgnaMGtItniTan
mk ( Rtas´fa ) ½
kalmuneTvTtþCanayRBandMrI
kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTRBhμTtþRKgraCsm,tþi kñúg
-174- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
RB¼nKrBaraNsI/ nayRBandMrIGñknKrBaraNsImñak/ smøab´
dMrITaMgLayehIy naMPøúk Es,k eBa¼evonFM nigsacduMmk
lkciBa©wmCIvit . RKaena¼ dMrICaeRcInBanedIrrksuIenAkñúgéRBmYy
CYbRB¼bec©kBuT§eRcInRB¼Gg: cab´epþImBIkalena¼ kalnwgeTA
lutCg:gTaMgBIrcu¼ ehIyeFVIesckIþeKarBkñúgkalEdleTA nig
mk ( RKb´eBl ) ehIyeTIbecosecjeTA éf¶mYyRBandMrIeXIj
kiriyaena¼ehIy Kitfa ²eyIgsmøab´dMrITaMgen¼ánedaylMák/
k¾kñúgkaleTAnigmk dMrITaMgen¼rEmgeFVIesckIþeKarBRB¼bec©k
BuT§TaMgLay/ vaeXIjGVIhñ+ ? eTIbeFVIesckIþeKarB³/ kMNtán
fa ²eXIjsMBtkasav£³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rti¼ri¼fa ²}LÚven¼ eyIg
ánsMBtkasav£rEmgKYr³ . kalRB¼bec©kBuT§mYyrUbcu¼eTA
kanCatRs¼RsgTwk daksMBtkasav£TaMgLayTukenAEk,r
matRs¼/ eTIblYccIvrena¼eTA cab´lMEBgGg:úydNþb´Gvyv£
RBmTaMgk,alEk,rpøÚv EdldMrITaMgena¼eTAmk . hVÚgdMrIeXIjeK
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -175-
ehIyeTIbeFVIesckIþeKarBedaysm:al´fa ²RB¼bec©kBuT§³ ehIy
k¾ecosecjeTA . RBandMrIena¼yklMEBgBYyRtÚvdMrImYyEdl
edIrxageRkaydMrITaMgena¼[søab´ ehIykanykcMENkepßg@
manPøúkCaedIm kb´cMENkEdlenAsl´kñúgEpndIehIyecos
ecjeTA .
kñúgkalCacMENkxageRkaymk RB¼eBaFistVbdisn§i
kñúgkMeNItdMrI ánCaRbFanéndMrI Cam©as´énhVÚg ( Caemekøag ) k¾
kñúgkalena¼ RBandMrIena¼k¾enAEteFVIy¨agena¼dEdl . RB¼brm
eBaFistVdwgnUvkarGseTAénbris&TrbsxøÜn eTIbsYrfa ²dMrITaMg
en¼eTANaGs ? eTIbánrela¼eTA³ kaldMrITaMgena¼eqøIyfa
²mindwgeTnay³ Kitfa ²dMrITaMgLaykalnwgeTANaminTan
Ráb´eyIg ( CamunsineT ) nwgminKb,IeTA GnþrayKb,Iman³ nwk
sgß&yfa ²GnþrayKb,ImanBIsmñakénburs EdlGg:úyRKb
dNþb´sMBtkasav£kñúgTIkEnøgmYy³ edIm,IXøaMcab´bursena¼ k¾
-176- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
bBa¢ÚndMrITaMgGs´[eTAmun cMENkxøÜnÉg edIrmkBIxageRkay/
RBandMrIena¼ kaldMrId¾esseFVIesckIþeKarBehIyedIreTA/ eXIj
RB¼brmeBaFistVkMBugedIrmkly@ eTIbsMexIjcIvr ehIyBYy
lMEBgeTA .
RB¼brmeBaFistV kalRbúgnUvs μartIehIyedIrmk fy
RtLb´eTAxageRkay ehIyeKcnUvlMEBg .
RKaena¼ RB¼brmeBaFistV sÞú¼cUleTAedIm,Inwgcab´RBan
dMrIena¼ edayeFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²bursen¼[júaMgdMrIrbs´eyIg
vinas³ . nayRBandMrIBYnnwgedImeQImYyedIm .
RKaena¼ RB¼brmeBaFistVykRbemaycab´RBandMrIeday
eFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²nwgcab´eákeTAhñwgEpndI³ ( RKaena¼ ) eXIj
sMBtkasav£EdlRBandMrInaMecjmksEmþg k¾Gtsg;teday
eFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²ebIeyIgnwgRbTUsraycMeBa¼bursen¼esat .
esckþIeGonxμascMeBa¼RB¼BuT§ RB¼bec©kBuT§ nigRB¼xINaRsB
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -177-
eRcInBanGg: RtveyIgTmøayecal³ saksYrfa ²jatirbs´
eyIgRbmaNbu¨eNѼ GñkÉgeFVI[vinasehIy¦³ ?
RBandMrITTYlsarPaBfa ²eGI nay³ .
RB¼mhaburseBalfa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbGñkÉgeFVIkm μd¾
eRKatRKaty¨agen¼ ? GñkÉgesøókdNþb´nUvsMBtminsmKYr
dl´xøÜn smKYrdl´elakGñkEdlmanraK£eTARásehIyTaMg
Lay kaleFVIkm μd¾lamkEbben¼ eQ μa¼fa eFVIkm μd¾F¶n ³ .
lu¼eBaly¨agnu+¼ehIy kalnwgsg;tsg;in[éRkElg
eLIg eTIbeBalnUvKafafa ½
buK:lNa enAmanTwkct KWraKaTik;ielskñúgsnþan Ca
Gñkeá¼bgkarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ ehIyesøók
dNþb´sMBtkasav£ buK:lena¼minKYrnwgesøókdNþb´
sMBtkasav£eLIy .
lu¼EtbuK:lNa manTwkct KWraKaTik;ielsx¢akecal
-178- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
GsehIy CaGñkmancitþtm;l´maMkñúgctub,arisuT§isIl
RbkbedaykarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ buK:lena¼Ég
eTIbKYrnwgesøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£án .
esckIþen¼ bNÐitKb,IsEmþgtamerOgqTÞnþCatkcu¼ .
rbslðrEmgsmKYrdlmnusßlð minsmKYr
dlmnusßGaRkkeT
RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mk ( sEmþg )
ehIy RTgRbCuMCatkfa ²RBandMrIkñúgkalena¼ánmkCaeTvTtþ
kñúgkal}LÚven¼ dMrId¾RbesIrEdlCaGñkp©ajp©alRBandMrIena¼
KWtfaKten¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay min
EmnEtkñúgkalen¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT . sUm,Ikñúgkalmun eTvTtþk¾Føab´
RTRTgnUvsMBtminsmKYrdl´xøÜnEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit
RB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½
7 Gnik;saeva kasavM eya vtSM briTehsßti
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -179-
Gebeta Tmsec©n n esa kasavmrhti .
eya c vnþksavsß sIelsu susmahieta
«ebeta Tmsec©n sev kasavmrhti .
buK:lNa enAmanTwkct KWraKaTik;ielskñúgsnþan
CaGñkeá¼bgkarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ ehIyesøók
dNþb´sMBtkasav£ buK:lena¼minKYrnwgesøókdNþb´
sMBtkasav£eLIy .
lu¼EtbuK:lNa manTwkct KWraKaTik;ielsx¢akecal
Gs´ehIy CaGñkmancitþtm;l´maMkñúgctub,arisuT§isIl
RbkbedaykarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ buK:lena¼
Ég eTIbKYrnwgesøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£án .
GFib,ayKafa
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eQμa¼famanTwkct KWraKaTik;iels eRBa¼kielsdUcTwkctTaMg
-180- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
Lay mankamraK£CaedIm .
bTfa briTehsßti esckIþfa nwgeRbIRás´eday
GMNacénkaresøók kardNþb´ nigkarRkal .
RB¼álIfa ²briThisßti ³ k¾án .
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GFib,ayfa ²RBatRás³ cakkarTUnμannUv}®nÞy_ nigvcIsc©£
EdlCacMENkénbrmtSsc©£ .
bTfa n esa CaedIm esckIþfa buK:lena¼ KWbuK:lEbb
ena¼ rEmgminKYresøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£ .
bTfa Gvnþksavsß esckIþfa CaGñkmanTwkct KW
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bgecalehIy ándlmanTwkct KWraKaTik;ielsEdll¼bg´
ehIyedaymK:TaMg 4 .
bTfa sIelsu ándl kñúgctub,arisuT§isIl 4 .
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -181-
bTfa susmahieta tm;l´maM KWtaMgenAedaylð .
bTfa «ebeta esckIþfa RbkbedaykarTUnμan}®nÞIy_
nigvcIsc©£ manRbkardUceBalehIy .
bTfa sev CaedIm esckIþfa buK:lena¼ KWEbbena¼
eTIbKYresøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£ena¼ .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúGñkenAkñúgTisepßgena¼ ánCa
esatabnñ . CndéTCaeRcIn ánseRmcGriyplTaMgLay
manesatabtþiplCaedIm . eTsnaánseRmcRbeyaCn_dl´
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esckIþBisþarfa kñúgTIbMput 4 Gsegçyü kéRmmYyEsn
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júaMgQan nigGPiBaØa[ekItehIy kaleTAtamGakaseXIj
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -183-
mhaCnEdlkMBugCRm¼pøÚv edIm,ICaRbeyaCn_dl´kiriyaesþc
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RB¼jatibeRmIedaymhasm,tþikñúgsküRtkUlena¼ RTgdl´nUv
karceRmInv&yedaylMdab´ esaysirIraCsm,tþikñúgRásaT
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RTg´eXIjeTvTUtehIyesþcecjbBVC¢a
kñúgsm&yEdlesþcyageTAedIm,IRksalRB¼«Tüan k¾
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bita nigCaRB¼sVamIrbs´RB¼nagNa@ RB¼mata
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BitRákd ³ .
RTgcinþafa ²eyIgRtÚvRB¼nageKatmIen¼ ( sUFü ) [án
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FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -187-
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GBaØaekaNÐBaØ£ RáfñaedIm,IcakFøú¼Fm’’d¾kMBUlmuneKbgðs´
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eTIbánfVayTand¾efμag 9 dg kñúgkalénRB¼sm μasm<úT§RB¼-
namfa vibsßI edayRbkary¨agen¼Ég .
mü¨ageTot sUm,IkñúgkalénRB¼BuT§RB¼nam bTumutþr£ kñúg
hgßvtInKr kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb,BIPTÞkb,en¼eTA eKfVay
mhaTanGs 7 éf¶ ehIyRkabcu¼kñúgTICitRB¼áTénRB¼manRB¼
PaKGg:ena¼ taMgesckIþRáfñaedIm,IkarcakFøú¼Fm’’d¾eqñImmuneK
bgðs´dUcKñaEdr . tfaKtánRbTantMENg EdlGBaØaeka-
NÐBaØ£en¼RáfñaehIyedayRbkary¨agen¼ tfaKtmináneyaK
yl´muxeT³ .
buBVkmμrbsCn 55 nak manyskulbuRt
CaedIm
PikçúTaMgLayRkabTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn Cn
55 nak´ manyskulbuRtCaRbFan eFVIkm μGVITuk³ ?
RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²sUm,ICn 55 nakena¼ánRáfña
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -215-
nUvRB¼GrhtþkñúgsmñakRB¼BuT§mYyRB¼Gg: eFVIkm μEdlCabuNü
TukeRcInehIy xageRkaymkkalRB¼BuT§minTan«b,tþieLIgkñúg
elak/ CasmøajnwgKña eFVIbuNürYmKña edIrcatEcgsaksB
mnusßKμanTIBwg . éf¶mYy BYkeKCYb®sþIsøab´TaMgmanKP’ bMNg
fa ²nwgdut³ eTIbnaMeTAkanéRBs μsan CnTaMgena¼sRmakenA
kñúgé®Bs μsan 5 nak edayRáb´fa ²BYkelakcUrdut³ Cn
d¾esscUleTAkanRsúk .
TarkeQ μa¼ysykeQIsUlcaksBena¼ RtLb´ eTA
RtLb´mkehIy k¾ánGsuPsBaØa . eKsEmþgdl´smøaj 4
nakeTotfa ²mñalGñkd¾ceRmInTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaycUremIl
saksBen¼EdlmanEs,k KWePIøgkm©atbgehIy kñúgTIena¼@
dUcCarUbeKaBBal minsðat sðúy CavtSúKYr[ex<Im³ . CnTaMg 4
nakena¼k¾ánGsuPsBaØakñúgsaksBena¼Edr . eKTaMg 5 nak
eTAkanRsúkánRáb´dl´smøajd¾ess . cMENkRB¼ys
-216- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
eTApÞ¼ehIyánRáb´dl´matabita nigPriya . GñkTaMgGs´Kña
ena¼k¾ceRmInGsuPsBaØaEdr en¼CabuBVkm μrbs´Cn 55 nak man
yskulbuRtCaRbFanena¼ . eRBa¼dUecña¼Ég esckIþsm:al´kñúg
pÞ¼d¾edrdaseday®sIþfa dUcéRBs μsan k¾ekItdl´RB¼ys .
eday«bnisß&ysm,tþiena¼ karseRmcKuNviess eTIbekIt
eLIgdl´BYkeKTaMgGs . CnTaMgen¼ánTTYlpl EdlxøÜn
RáfñaehIy edayRbkary¨agen¼ . minEmntfaKteyaKyl´
muxeT³ .
buBVkmμrbsPTÞvK:Iy_ 30 nak
PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾RB¼-
PTÞvK:iyPikçúCasmøajnwgKñaáneFVIkm μGVITukeTA RB¼Gg:³ ?
RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay sUm,IBYkPTÞ-
vK:Iy_ena¼ k¾ánRáfñaRB¼GrhtþkñúgsmñakRB¼BuT§kñúgkalmun
ehIyeFVIbuNü nakalRB¼BuT§enAminTanesþc«b,tþi CaGñkelg
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -217-
30 nak ánsþab´tuNÐielavaT ánrkßasIl 5 rhUtGs´ 6
muWnqñaM . sUm,IPTÞvK:Iy_TaMgen¼ k¾ánseRmcplEdlxøÜnRáfña
ehIy@ dUcKñaedayRbkary¨agen¼ . minEmntfaKteyaKyl´
ehIyRbTantMENgdl´PikçúTaMgLayena¼eT³ .
buBVkmμrbsCdil 3 nak´bgbðÚn
PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾ksßb£
3 nakbgbðÚn man«ruevlksßb£CaedIm áneFVInUvkm μGVITukeTA³.
RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´fa ²eKRáfñaRB¼GrhtþEdr eFVIbuNüTuk
ehIy k¾kñúg 92 kb,GMBIPTÞkb,en¼eTAmanRB¼BuT§BIrRB¼Gg: KW
RB¼BuT§RB¼nam tisߣ RB¼BuT§RB¼nampusߣ esþc«b,tþieLIg
kñúgelak RB¼raCaRB¼namfa mhinÞ ánCaRB¼bitarbs´RB¼BuT§
RTgRB¼namfa pusߣ . k¾kalRB¼Gg:RTgánseRmcsem<aFi-
jaNehIy/ RB¼{rstUcrbs´RB¼raCa ánCaRB¼GK:savk
buRtrbs´buerahitánCaRB¼GK:savkTI 2 . RB¼raCaánesþc
-218- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
yageTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa RTgRtÜtemIlnUvCnTaMgena¼fa
²raC{rsGg:c,grbs´eyIgCaRB¼BuT§/ raC{rsbðÚnCaGK:savk/
buRtbuerahit CaRB¼GK::savkTI 2 ³ RTgbnøWRB¼«Tan 3 dgfa
²RB¼BuT§rbs´¹/ RB¼Fm’’rbs´¹/ RB¼sgÇrbs´¹/ ¹m©as´sUm
nms;arcMeBa¼RB¼manRB¼PaK RTgCaRB¼GrhnþRtas´dwgeday
RbéBehIyedayRB¼Gg:Ég³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rkabcu¼eTobáTmUl
rbs´RB¼sasþa RTgTTYlebþCJafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kñúg
kal}LÚven¼ hakdUcCakalCaTIGg:úylk kñúgTIbMputénGayu
manRbmaN 9 muWnqñaM/ sUmRB¼Gg:kuMesþcyageTAkanTVarpÞ¼
rbs´BYkCndéTeLIy sUmRTg´TTYlbc©&y 4 rbs´TUlbg:MrhUt
Gs´evlaEdlTUlbg:MenAmanCIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgeFVIBuT§ú-
b,dæakCaRbcaM . mü¨ageTot RB¼raCaRTgmanRB¼raC{rsdéT
3 RB¼Gg:eTot . bNþaRB¼raC{rs 3 RB¼Gg:ena¼ RB¼raC
{rsGg:c,gmanTahanCabrivar 500 Gg:kNþal man 300
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -219-
Gg:tUcman 200 .
RB¼raC{rsTaMgena¼ RkabTUlsUm{kasnwgRB¼bitafa
²sUm,ITUlbg:MTaMgLay nwgnimnþRB¼m©as´bgesay³ sUm,ITUl
sUmerOy@ k¾minán/ kalbc©nþCnbTkeRmIk/ RtÚvbBa¢ÚneTA
edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´karrm¶ab´bc©nþCnbTena¼/ júaMgbc©nþCnbT[
s¶b´rm¶ab´ ehIymkkan´smñakRB¼raCbita . RKaena¼ RB¼raC-
bita RTgbeásGEgðlRB¼{rsTaMg 3 ena¼ehIy RTgefIb
B§d¾RB¼sirsa Rtas´fa ²áTaMgLay bita[Brdl´BYkbuRt³ .
RB¼{rsTaMg 3 ena¼TUlfa ²RbéBehIyRB¼bita³ eFVIRB¼Br[Ca
karEdlxøÜnkanykehIy/ edaykalknøgeTA 2-3 éf¶ RB¼bita
Rtas´eTotfa ²áTaMgLay BYkbuRtcUrTTYlBrcu¼³ RkabTUlfa
²bBiRtRB¼bita esckIþRáfñanUvvtSúNa@ rbs´TUlbg:Mminman .
taMgGMBI}LÚven¼ TUlbg:MnwgnimnþRB¼m©as´bgesay/ sUmRB¼
raCTanBren¼dl´TUlbg:Mcu¼³ .
-220- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .
G¿ RbsinebIRB¼bitaminRB¼raCTanCanic©eT sUmRB¼bita
RB¼raCTanRtwmEt 7 qñaMánehIy .
r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .
G¿ ebIdUecña¼ sUmRB¼bitaRB¼raCTanRtwmEt 6-5-4-3-
2-1 qñaM 7-6-5-4-3 ExánehIy .
r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .
G¿ eNHIycu¼ RB¼bitasUmRTg´RB¼raCTan RtwmEt 3 Ex
dl´¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLay mñakmYyEx@ cu¼ .
r¿ RbéBehIybuRt/ ebIdUecña¼ buRtcUrnimnþ[qanán 3
Excu¼ .
k¾bursnayXøaMgrbsRB¼raCbuRtTaMgbIGg:ena¼ manEtmñak´
GñkRbkbkic©karTUeTAk¾manEtmñakEdr . RB¼raCbuRtTaMg 3 Gg:
ena¼ manburs 12 muWnCabrivar . RB¼raC{rsTaMgbIGg:bBa¢a
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -221-
[ehAbrivarTaMgena¼mkehIy Rtas´fa ²eyIgTaMgbInwgrkßasIl
10 esøókdNþb´nUvsMBtkasay£BIrpÞaMg enArYmCamYyRB¼-
sasþaGs´ 3 Exen¼/ BYkGñkTaMgLay cUrkanyknUvvtSúEdl
buK:lKb,I[RbRBwtþkñúgTanmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ júaMgvtSúEdl
buK:lKb,ITMBasuI nigvtSúEdlbuK:lKb,IbriePaK[RbRBwtþeTAdl´
Pikçú 9 muWnrUb nigdl´Tahanrbs´eyIg 1000/ eRBa¼GMNw¼GMBI
en¼eTA BYkeyIgmineBalnUvBaküGVI@ TaMgGs ³ .
RB¼{rsTaMg 3 Gg:ena¼ naMbursCabrivarmYyBansmaTan
sIl 10 esøókdNþb´sMBtkasay£ enAEtkñúgTIvtþ . burs
nayXøaMg nigbursGñkRbkbkñúgkic©karTUeTAebIkykRTBütam
var£@ GMBIXøaMgTaMgLayrbs´RB¼raCbuRtCabgbðÚnTaMg 3 Gg:
fVayTan .
briePaKGaharEdleK«TÞiscMeBa¼PikçúsgÇ
søabeTAekItCaeRbt
k¾kUnrbs´BYkkm μkr ERskyMTarrkbbr nigPtþCaedIm .
km μkrTaMgena¼ kalPikçúsgÇminTanmk k¾[vtSúmanbbr nig
áyCaedImdl´kUnTaMgena¼ . kñúgeBlEdlPikçúsgÇqaneRsc
ehIy minEdlmanvtSúGVIsl´eLIy .
kñúgkaltmk BYkkm μkrTaMgena¼niyayGagfa ²eyIgnwg
[dl´BYkekμg³ dUecña¼ehIy TTYleTAbriePaKxøÜnÉgxø¼/ minRtwm
Etbu¨eNÑa¼ eXIjGaharsUm,Id¾CaTIKab´citþk¾minGacnwgGtRTaM
án . k¾BYkeKmanRbmaN 8 muWn 4 Bannak . BYkeKbriePaK
GaharEdlfVaysgÇehIy eRBa¼kayEbkFøayáneTAekItkñúg
ebtvis&y .
cMENkRB¼{rs 3 nakbgbðÚn RBmTaMgbursmYyBan
eFVIkalkiriyaehIyekItkñúgeTvelakGs´ 92 kb, .
RB¼raC{rs 3 nak´bgbðÚnRáfñanUvRB¼Grhtþ áneFVI
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -223-
klüaNkm μkñúgkalena¼edayRbkary¨agen¼ Cdil 3 nakbg
bðÚnena¼ ánTTYlplEdlxøÜnRáfñaehIy tfaKtminán
eyaKyl´mux[eT .
cMENkGñkRbkbkñúgkic©karTUeTArbs´RB¼raC{rs 3 Gg:
ena¼ kñúgkalena¼ánCaRB¼áTBim<isar . nayXøaMgánCa
visax«ásk . km μkrrbs´RB¼raCbuRtTaMg 3 ena¼ ekItkñúg
ebtvis&y Rtacrg:ateTAmkedayGMNacsuKti nigTuK:ti kñúg
kb,en¼ ekItkñúgebtelakena¼Ég Gs´ 4 BuT§nþr .
BYkeRbtsYrevlaánGaharnwgRB¼BuT§ 3 RB¼Gg:
eRbtTaMgena¼ cUlKalRB¼BuT§RB¼namfa kkusen§aEdl
manRB¼Cnμayu 4 mWunqñaM esþc«b,tþieLIgmunRB¼BuT§RKb´RB¼Gg:
kñúgPTÞkb,en¼ TUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUmRB¼Gg:
emtþaRáb´nUvkalCaTIánGahardl¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLay³ .
RB¼manRB¼PaK RTg´Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMgLayminTan
-224- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
ánbriePaKGaharkñúgkaléntfaKten¼eT/ bu¨EnþxageRkayén
tfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼x<seLIgRbmaNmYyeyaCn_ RB¼BuT§
RTgRB¼ namfa ekanaKmn£ nwg«b,tþieLIg/ GñkTaMgLayKb,I
sYrRB¼Gg:cu¼ ³ .
eRbtTaMgena¼ júaMgkalmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ[Gs´eTA
kalRB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa ekanaKmn£ ena¼esþc«b,tþieLIg
ehIy k¾áncUleTATUlsYrRB¼Gg: sUm,IRB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼k¾
Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMgLaynwgenAminTanánkñúgkaléntfaKt
eT EtxageRkayéntfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼x<s´eLIgánmYy
eyaCn_ RB¼BuT§RB¼namfa ksßb£ nwg«b,tþieLIg BYkGñkTaMg
LayKb,ITUlsYrRB¼Gg:cu¼ ³ .
eRbtTaMgena¼ júaMgkalmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ[Gs´eTA
ehIy/ lu¼RB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfaksßb£esþc«b,tþieLIgehIy/
k¾TUlsYrRB¼Gg: . sUm,IRB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼ k¾Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMg
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -225-
LaynwgenAminTanánkñúgkaléntfaKteT EtxageRkayén
tfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼eLIgánRbmaNmYyeyaCn_ RB¼BuT§
RB¼namfa eKatm nwgesþc«b,tþieLIg . kñúgkalena¼ jati
rbs´GñkTaMgLaynwgCaRB¼raCaRTgRB¼namfa Bim<isarfVayTan
cMeBa¼RB¼sasþaehIy nwg[cMENkkuslTandl´BYkGñk BYk
Gñknwgán ( Gahar ) kñúgRKaena¼³ . mYyBuT§nþránRákddl´
eRbtTaMgena¼dUcCaéf¶Esðk .
BYkeRbtrYcputTukçeRBa¼plTan
eRbtTaMgena¼ kalRB¼tfaKtesþc«b,tþiehIy/ kal
RB¼áTBim<isarfVayTankñúgéf¶xagedIm . bnøWnUvsMeLgKYr[xøac
sEmþgxøÜndl´RB¼raCakñúgraRtI . éf¶EsðkeLIgRB¼raCaesþc
yagmkkan´vtþevLúv&n RkabTUlerOgena¼cMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt .
RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²mhabBiRt kñúgTIbMput 92 kb,
GMBIkb,en¼eTA kñúgkalénRB¼BuT§RTg´RB¼namfa pusߣ BYkeRbt
-226- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
TaMgena¼Cajatirbs´mhabBRit ánbriePaKGaharEdleK
«TÞiscMeBa¼sgÇ søab´eTAekItkñúgebtelakehIy Rtacrg:at´
eTAmk ánTUlsYrRB¼BuT§CaeRcInRB¼Gg: Edlesþc«b,tþieLIg
kñúgelak manRB¼kkusn§£ CaedIm EdlRB¼BuT§TaMgena¼Rtas´
Ráb´Baküen¼@ ehIy sgÇwmcMeBa¼TanrbsmhabBiRtrhUt
Gs´kalbu¨eNѼ . mßilmiuj kalmhabBiRtRTgfVaynUvTan
ehIy minánTTYlcMENkbuNü k¾áneFVIy¨agen¼³ . RB¼raCa
TUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾kalTUlbg:MfVayTankñúg
kal}LÚven¼ eRbtTaMgena¼nwgánTTYlEdr¦ RB¼Gg: ³ ?
RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa ²mhabBiRt án³ . RB¼raCaRTg
nimnþPikçúsgÇmanRB¼BuT§CaRbFan fVaymhaTankñúgéf¶Esðk
eLIg ehIyán«TÞiscMENkbuNüfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
sUmáy nigTwkd¾CaTiBV cUrseRmcdl´BYkeRbtTaMgena¼eday
mhaTanen¼cu¼³ . áy nigTwkd¾CaTiBVk¾ekItmandl´eRbtTaMg
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -227-
ena¼ edayRbkardUecñ¼Ég . éf¶EsðkeLIg eRbtTaMgena¼GaRkat
kaysEmþgxøÜndl´RB¼raCa . RB¼raCaTUlfa ²éf¶en¼ BYkeRbt
GaRkatkaysEmþgxøÜn dl´¹RB¼Gg:³ . RB¼sasþa Rtas´fa
²mhabBiRt RB¼Gg:minánfVaysMBt³ . lu¼EsðkeLIg RB¼-
raCafVaysMBtcIvrTaMgLaydl´PikçúsgÇ manRB¼BuT§CaRbFan
ehIyRTg«TÞiscMENkbuNüfa ²sUmsMBtd¾CaTiBVTaMgLay cUrseRmcdl´eRbtTaMgena¼GMBIcIvrTanen¼cu¼³ . kñúgxN£ena¼
Ég sMBtd¾CaTiBVk¾ánekIteLIg dl´eRbtTaMgena¼ . eRbt
TaMgena¼l¼bgGtþPaBCaeRbt taMgenAkñúgGtþPaBEdlCaTiBV .
RB¼sasþa kalnwgRTgeFVIGnuemaTna k¾RTgeFVIGnuemaTnaeday
tierakuDÐsURtfa ²tierakueDÐsu tidænþi³ CaedIm . kñúgTIbMputénkar
GnuemaTna Fm μaPism&yekItmandl´stV 8 muWn 4 Ban . RB¼
sasþa RTgRtas´erOgCdil 3 nakbgbðÚnehIy RTgnaMRB¼Fm μ
eTsnaen¼mkedayRbkardUecñ¼ .
buBVkmμrbsRB¼GK:savkTaMgBIr
PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn etIRB¼GK:-
savkTaMgBIráneFVIkm μGVITuk RB¼Gg:³ ?
RB¼sasþa Rtas´fa GK:savkTaMgBIreFVIesckIþRáfñaedIm,I
ánCaGK:savk . BitNas´ kñúgTIbMputmYyGsegçyükéRm
mYyEsnkb,GMBIPTÞkb,en¼eTA sarIbuRtekItkñúgRtkUlRBahμN_
mhasalmannamfa srTmaNB . emaK:løanekItkñúgRtkUl
KhbtImhasal mannamfa sirIvDÆnkudum<Ik_ . maNBTaMg
BIrena¼ánCasmøajelgdICamYyKña . srTmaNBedaykal
knøgeTAénbitaánRKb´RKgRTBüCaeRcIn EdlCamt’krbs´Rt-
kUl . éf¶mYy enAkñúgTIs¶atánKitfa ²eyIgrEmgdwgGtþPaB
kñúgelaken¼bu¨eNÑa¼ minGacdwgGtþPaBkñúgelakxagmuxeT Et
Fm μtaesckIþsøab´rbs´stVTaMgLay EdlekItmkehIyCarbs´
eTog . eyIgKYrEtbYsCabBVCit ehIyKb,IEsVgrkemakçFm’’ .
srTmaNBena¼ cUleTArksmøajehIy k¾niyayfa
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -229-
²sirIvDÆn_smøaj ¹nwgbYsEsVgrkemakçFm’’ elaknwgGacbYs
CamYyeyIg ¦minGaceT³ . sirIvDÆn_eqøIyfa ²¹minGaceT
smøaj elakbYsmñakÉgcu¼³ . srT£ena¼Kitfa ²Fm μtaGñk
EdleTAkanbrelaknaMsmøaj ¦jatimitþeTACamYyminman/
km μEdlxøÜneFVIehIyrEmgCarbs´xøÜnÉg³ . eBlena¼ srT-
maNB k¾[eKebIkXøaMgEkvecj[mhaTan dl´mnusßkMRBa
GñkdMeNIr mnusßsuMTan nigs μÚmyackTaMgLay cUleTAkan
eCIgPMñbYsCa}sI . CnTaMgLaybYstamsrT£ena¼edayGakar
y¨agen¼ KWmñak BIrnak bInak rhUtmanCdilRbmaN 7 mWun
4 Bannak . srTCdiljúaMgGPiBaØa 5 nigsmabtþi 8 [ekIt
ehIy Ráb´ksiNbrikm μdl´CdilTaMgena¼ . CdilTaMgLay
ena¼k¾júaMgGPiBaØa 5 nigsmabtþi 8 [ekIteLIgEdr . kñúg
sm¥a¼ RB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa GenamTsßI esþc«b,tþieLIg
kñúgelak/ nKrmaneQμa¼fa cnÞvtI kßRtRB¼namfa ysvnþ Ca
-230- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
RB¼bita/ RB¼eTvI RB¼namfa yesaFra CaRB¼mata . edIm
G®g:g CakEnøgRtas´dwg/ RB¼GK:savkTaMgBIreQμa¼ nisßP£ 1
eQ μa¼ Genam£ 1 «bdæakeQ μa¼ vruN GK:savikaTaMgBIrnamfa
sunÞra 1 sumna 1 manRB¼CnμayumYyEsnqñaM/ RB¼srIr£kMBs´
58 htS/ rs μIénRB¼srIr£pßayeTArhUt 12 eyaCn_/ PikçúmYy
EsnGg:Cabrivar .
éf¶mYy kñúgevlaeTobPWøRB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa Genam-
TsßI esþcecjcakmhakruNasmabtþi RTgBicarNaemIl
stVelak RTgeXIjsrTtabsehIy RTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²tfaKt
eTAkansmñaksrTtabskñúgéf¶en¼Cabc©&y RB¼Fm μeTsnanwg
manKuNFM ehIysrTtabsena¼ nwgRáfñatMENgCaRB¼GK:-
savk/ sirIvDÆnkudum<Ik_EdlCasmøajrbs´tabsena¼ nwgRá-
fñatMENgCaRB¼GK:savkTIBIr kñúgkalcb´eTsna Cdil 7 muWn
4 Bannak Cabrivarrbs´tabsena¼ nwgánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ/
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -231-
tfaKtKYrEteTAkan´TIena¼³ . dUecñ¼ehIy kanáRt nigcIvrrbs´
RB¼Gg: RTgminánRtas´ehAbuK:ldéT esþcyageTAEtmYy
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fa ²GK:savkTaMgBIrcUrmkRBmCamYynwgPikçúsgdz . RB¼GK:-
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kñúgsgÇ manRbmaNmYy«sP£ ( 25 Büam ) nrNa@ k¾minKb,I
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minánnUvFm’’EdlmanxøwmeLIy . CnTaMgLayNa
yl´eXIjnUvFm’’manxøwm faCaFm’’manxøwmpg yl´
eXIjnUvFm’’minmanxøwm faCaFm’’minmanxøwmpg CaGñk
GñkmantRmi¼RtÚvCaeKacr rEmgánnUvFm’’Edlmanxøwm .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ áTRB¼Kafafa Gsaer sarmtiena
manGtSfa Fm’’TaMgen¼KW bc©&y 4 micäaTidæiEdlmanvtSú 10 Fm μ-
eTsnaEdlCa«bnisß&yénmicäaTidæi eQ μa¼faCa Gsar£/ Gñk
manRbRktIyl´eXIjkñúgFm’EdlminCasar£ena¼fa ²Casar£³ .
áTRB¼Kafafa saer casarTsßiena manGtSfa Fm’’
TaMgen¼ KWsm μaTidæiEdlmanvtSú 10 Fm μeTsnaEdlCa«b-
nisß&yénsm μaTidæiena¼ eQ μa¼fa Casar£/ GñkmanRbRktIyl´
eXIjkñúgFm’EdlCasar£ena¼fa ²en¼minCasar£eT³ .
BIrbTfa et sarM CaedIm manGtSfa CnTaMgena¼ KWGñk
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -249-
yl´xusena¼ CaGñkmankarRti¼ri¼xusCaeKacr edayGMNacén
vitk;TaMgLay mankamvitk;CaedIm rEmgminseRmcnUvsIl-
sar£ smaFisar£ bBaØasar£ vimutþisar£ vimutþijaNTsßn-
sar£ nigRB¼niBVanEdlCabrmtSsar£ .
bTfa sarBa© esckþIfa dwgsar£ mansIlsar£Ca
edImena¼Égfa ²en¼Casar£³ nigdwgFm’Edlminmansar£ man
RbkardUceBalehIyfa ²en¼CaFm’minmansar£³ .
BIrbTfa et sarM CaedIm esckþIfa CnTaMgena¼ KW
bNÐitGñkkanyknUvsm μaTsßn£y¨agena¼taMgenA CaGñkman
karRti¼ri¼RtÚvCaeKacr edayGMNacénkarRti¼ri¼TaMgLay man
karRti¼ri¼ecjcakkamCaedIm rEmgseRmcánnUvvtSúEdlCa
sar£ manRbkardUceBalehIyena¼ .
-250- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y
kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa CnCaeRcInánseRmcGriypl
TaMgLay manesatabtþiplCaedIm . Fm μeTsnaánCaRb-
eyaCn_dl´CnEdlmkRbCuMKñaehIy dUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgsBa¢&y cb´ )
r o s
9 erOgRB¼nnÞetSr
esckþIxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§RB¼nnÞ
Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²yfa GKarM TucänñM ³ CaedIm .
RB¼sasþaesþcyageTAkanRkúgkbilBsþú
esckþIBisþarfa RB¼sasþa RTgjúaMgRB¼Fm μck;d¾bvr[
RbRBwtþeTA ehIyesþcyageTAkanRkúgraCRKw¼ RTgKgenAkñúg
vtþevLúv&n/ bNþaTUt 10 nak mñak@ manbrivarmYyBan Edl
RB¼áTsueT§aTnmharaC RTg´bBa¢ÚneTAedayRB¼raCtRmasfa
GñkTaMgLaycUrnaMbutþrbs´eyIgmksEmþgdl´eyIgcu¼/ k¾RB¼-
kaLúTayietSrEdleTAeRkayeKbgðs´ ánseRmcGrhtþpl
ehIy dwgnUvkalCaTIesþcyageTAehIy BN’napøÚvedayKafa
RbmaN 60 Kafa naMesþc ( RB¼sasþa ) EdlmanRB¼xINa-
RsB 2 mWunEhhmehIy eTAkankbilBsþúburI/ RTgeFVIePøóg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -252-
eákçB&rß[CaehtuekIténerOgehIy Rtas´mhaevsßnþrCatk
kñúgsmaKmRB¼jati/ éf¶EsðkeLIg esþcyagcUleTAbiNÐát
eRásRB¼bita[taMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl edayRB¼Kafafa
²«tiedæ nb,meC¢yü³ CaedIm/ eRásRB¼nagmhabCabti-
eKatmI[taMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl ehIyeRásRB¼raCa ( RB¼
bita ) [taMgenAkñúgskTaKamipl edayRB¼Kafafa ²FmμBa©er
sucritM³ CaedIm . k¾kñúgkaleRscPtþkic© RTgGaRs&ykar
BN’naRB¼KuNrbsrahulmata Rtas´cnÞkinñrICatk kñúgéf¶TI 3
GMBIéf¶ena¼ nakalvivahmg:l nigeKhb,evsnmg:ledIm,I
GPiesknnÞkumar/ kalkMBugRbRBwtþeTA/ esþccUleTAbiNÐát
RbTanáRt[RB¼nnÞkumar Rtas´mg:l ( [Br ) esþceRkak
cakGasn£ehIyecosecjeTA edayminánRTgTTYláRt
GMBIRB¼hsSénnnÞkumarvijeLIy .
cMENknnÞkumarena¼ edaykareKarBcMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt
-253- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eTIbminGacTUl ( etOn ) fa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ²sUmRB¼Gg:
RTgTTYláRteTAcu¼³ EtKityagen¼fa ²RB¼sasþa KgnwgTTYl
áRtRtgk,alCeNþIr³ sUm,IkñúgTIena¼RB¼sasþak¾minánRTg
TTYl . nnÞkumark¾Kitfa ²KgnwgRTgTTYlRtgTICiteCIgCeNþIr³ .
sUm,IkñúgTIena¼ RB¼sasþak¾minRTgTTYl . nnÞkumarKiteTotfa
²nwgRTgTTYlRtgRB¼TIlanesþc ( lanhøÜg )³ sUm,IkñúgTIena¼
RB¼sasþak¾minRTgTTYl . RB¼kumarRáfñanwgyagRtLb ( Et )
esþcyageTAedaykarminKab´RB¼T&y edaysaresckIþeKarB
cMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt eTIbminGacTUlfa ²sUmRB¼Gg:RTgTTYláRt
cu¼³ RTgyagedaykarnwkKitfa ²RB¼Gg:nwgRTgTTYlkñúgTIen¼/
RB¼Gg:nwgRTgTTYlkñúgTIen¼³ kñúgxN£ena¼ ®sþIBYkdéTeXIj
Gakarena¼ehIy k¾Ráb´nagCnbTklüaNIfa ²bBiRtRB¼nag
m©as´ RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgnaMnnÞkumaresþceTAehIy Kgnwg
BRgatnnÞkumarGMBIRB¼nagm©as´ehIy ³ .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -254-
cMENkCnbTklüaNIánsþab´Baküena¼ehIy mannUv
dMNkTwkTaMgLaykMBughUrecjGMBIskTaMgLay Edl®sþI
TaMgLaysitRCgeLIgehIyánBak´kNþal Rbjab´eTATUl
fa ²bBiRtRB¼GyübuRt sUmRB¼GyübuRt esþcyagmkqab´@
N+a³ . BakünagCnbTklüaNIena¼ hakdUcCaFøakcu¼eTAtaMg
enATTwgRB¼h¬T&yénnnÞkumar sUm,IRB¼sasþak¾minRTgTTYl
áRtGMBIRB¼hsSrbs´nnÞkumarena¼esa¼eLIy RTgnaMnnÞkumar
ena¼eTAkanvihar ehIyRTgRtas´sYrfa ²En+ nnÞ GñkbYs¦³
nnÞkumarena¼ edaysarkareKarBcMeBa¼RB¼sasþa k¾minh‘an
TUlfa ²nwgminbYs³ RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼
kruNanwgbYs³ RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay
ebIdUecña¼ GñkTaMgLaycUr[nnÞkumarbYscu¼ ³ .
rahulkumarTUlsUmkMNbRTBüGMBIRB¼sasþa
RB¼sasþa esþcyageTAkanRkúgkbilBsþú kñúgéf¶TI 3
-255- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RTgjúaMgnnÞkumar[bYs/ kñúgéf¶TI 7 RB¼matarbsRB¼rahul-
kumarRTgRbdab´takEtgRB¼kumarehIy RTgbBa¢ÚneTAkansmñak
RB¼manRB¼PaK edayRB¼tRmas´fa ²En+ kUn kUnÉgcUremIl
RB¼smN£EdlmansmN£ 2 muWnecameramEhhm RTgman
BN’sm,úrdUcmas manlmðénrUbdUcRBhμ/ RB¼smN£ena¼Ca
RB¼bitarbs´kUnÉg/ qñaMgénkMNb´RTBüFM@ TaMgLayánekIt
ehIykñúgkalEdlRB¼bitarbs´kUnÉgRbsUt/ cab´edImBIeBl
EdlRB¼Gg:ecjbYs Em¨minEdleXIjesa¼eLIy³ kUnÉgcUr
eTAsUmmt’kGMBIRB¼Gg:fa ²bBiRtRB¼bita ¹RB¼Gg:Cakumar/ dl´
GPieskehIy nwgCaesþccRkBtþi/ ¹RB¼Gg:manesckIþRtÚvkar
edayRTBü/ sUmRB¼bitaRB¼raCTankMNb´RTBüdl´TUlRB¼bg:M
Ca¹ t,itfa buRtrEmgCam©as´énsm,tþirbs´RB¼bita³ . RB¼-
kumaresþcyageTAkansmñakRB¼manRB¼PaK fVaybg:MehIy
RtLb´ánnUvesckIþesñhakñúgRB¼bita eRtkGrsb,ayrIkray
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -256-
ehIyTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼smN£ RB¼qayarbs´semþcbitaKYr
[CaTIRC¼føaNas´³ ánQreBalsUm,IBaküdéTEdlsmKYr
dl´xøÜnCaeRcIn/ RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgeFVIPtþkic©rYceRscehIy RTg´
GnuemaTnaehIy esþceRkakcakGasn£ecosecjeTA . sUm,I
RB¼kumark¾TUlsUmfa ²bBiRtRB¼smN£ sUmRbTanmt’kdl´
¹RB¼Gg:cu¼/ bBiRtRB¼smN£ sUmRbTanmt’kdl´¹RB¼Gg:
cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy esþcCab´tamRB¼manRB¼PaKeTA . sUm,IRB¼
manRB¼PaKk¾minRTg[RB¼kumarRtLb . cMENkbriCnk¾minGac
edIm,InwgyagRB¼kumar EdlesþcyageTACamYynwgRB¼manRB¼
PaK[RtLb´án . eRBa¼ehtudUecña¼ RB¼kumarena¼ánesþc
yageTAkanGaramCamYynwgRB¼manRB¼PaKEdr .
kñúglMdab´ena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²kumaren¼
cgánRTBüEdlCasm,tþirbs´RB¼bita RTBüena¼CaRTBüRb-
RBwtþeTAtamvdþ£ CaRTBüRbkbedayesckIþcegðótcgðl´ eNHIy
-257- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
cu¼ tfaKtnwg[GriyRTBü 7 RbkarEdltfaKtáncMeBa¼
ehIyeTobKl´éneBaFiRBwkßdl´kumaren¼ nigeFVIrahulkumar[
Cam©as´énmt’kEdlCaelakutþr£ .
rahulkumarbBVC¢a
RKaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg[ehARB¼sarIbuRtmk
ehIyRtas´fa ²mñalsarIbuRt GñkcUr[rahulkumarbYscu¼³ .
RB¼efr£júaMgRB¼kumarena¼[bYs . k¾kalRB¼kumarena¼bYs
ehIy . TukçmanRbmaNy¨agéRkElgánekIteLIgdl´RB¼raCa
eRBa¼ánRTg´RB¼sNþab´nUvdMNwgena¼ .
RB¼raCaminGacedIm,IGtsg;tnUvesckIþTukçena¼án esþc
yageTAkansmñakRB¼manRB¼PaK RTgRBmanehIy TUlsUmBr
fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:sUmRB¼Br elakm©as´TaMg
LayminKb,IbMbYsnUvkulbuRt EdlmatabitaminTanGnuBaØat
RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgk¾fVayRB¼Brena¼dl´RB¼raCa/ éf¶EsðkeLIg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -258-
esayRB¼RkyahareBlRBwkkñúgRB¼raCnievsn_ehIy kalRB¼
raCaRTgKgkñúgTId¾smKYrehIyBitTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
kñúgevlaEdlRB¼Gg:RTgbMeBjTuk;kiriya eTvtamYyGg:cUleTA
CYb¹RB¼Gg:ehIyRáb´fa ²RB¼{rsrbs´RB¼Gg: esayTivg:t
ehIy³ ¹RB¼Gg:mineCOBakürbseTvtaena¼ eTIbhamXateTvta
ena¼fa buRtrbs´eyIgebIminTanánseRmcnUv eBaFijaNeT
rEmgmineFVImrNkaleLIy dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´fa ²mhabBiRt
}LÚven¼RB¼Gg:nwgeCÓándUcemþc ? sUm,Ikalmun kalRBahμN¾
sEmþgragqðwgdl´RB¼Gg: TUlfa buRtrbs´RB¼Gg:esayTivg:t
ehIy RB¼Gg:minRTgeCÓ³ ánRTgRtas´mhaFm μálCatk
eRBa¼«b,tþiehtuénerÓgen¼ . kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa RB¼raCataMg
enAkñúgGnaKamipl .
RB¼manRB¼PaK eRásRB¼bita[taMgenAkñúgpl 3 eday
RbkardUecñ¼ehIy manPikçúsgÇecameramEhhm esþcyagRt-
-259- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
Lb´eTAkanRkúgraCRKw¼vijeTot eBlena¼RTgTTYlBaküebþCJa
rbs´GnafbiNÐikesdæI edIm,IRbeyaCn¾dl´karyagmkkanRkúg
savtSI/ nakalvtþeCtBnmhaviharrYceRscehIy esþcyag
eTAcaMvsßaenAkñúgvtþeCtBnmharena¼ .
RB¼nnÞcgswk
kalRB¼sasþa KgenAkñúgvtþeCtBny¨agen¼ena¼Ég/ RB¼
nnÞekItkarGpßúkeLIgehIy eTIbRáb´esckIþena¼dl´PikçúTaMg-
Layfa ²Gñkd¾manGayu ¹mineRtkGrcMeBa¼karRbRBwtþiRBhμ-
criy£/ minGacnwgbnþkarRbRBwtþiRBhμcriy£eTAáneToteT/ ¹nwg
RtLb´eTACaePTefakTabvij³. RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´RB¼sNþab´
nUverOgena¼ehIy Rtas´[ehARB¼nnÞmkKal´ ehIyRtas´
Baküen¼fa ²En+ nnÞ án|fa GñkÉgRáb´dl´PikçúTaMgLay
y¨agen¼fa Gavuesa ¹mineRtkGrcMeBa¼karRbRBwtþiRBhμcriy£
minGacnwgbnþkarRbRBwtþiRBhμcriy£eTAáneToteT/ ¹nwgRtLb´
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -260-
eTA CaePT efakTabvijehIy yagen¼BitEmn¦ ?
n¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agnu+¼Emn .
P¿ En+ nnÞ k¾GñkmineRtkGrcMeBa¼karRbRBwtþiRBhμcriy£/
minGacedIm,InwgbnþkarRbRBwtþiRBhμcriy£/ nwgeBallasikça
swkedIm,IePTd¾efakTab edaysarGVI ?
n¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kal¹RB¼Gg:ecjmkGMBIpÞ¼
nagCnbTklüaNI manskEdl®sþITaMgLayswtRCgeLIg
ehIyánBakkNþal ánERskpþaMBaküy¨agen¼nwg¹RB¼Gg:
fa bBiRtRB¼Gyübutþ sUmRB¼GyübutþKb,Imkqab´@N+a bBiRt
RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:ena¼Ég kalr\kdl´Baküena¼ eTIb
mineRtkGrcMeBa¼RBhμcriy£ minGacedIm,IbnþnUvRBhμcriy£án
nwgcgswkmkedIm,IePTd¾efakTab .
RB¼sasþaRTg´TUnμanRB¼nnÞ
RKaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaK RTg´cab´édRB¼nnÞRtgedIm
-261- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
édehIy naMeTAkantavtþigßeTvelakedaykmøaMg¬T§i/ kñúgcenøa¼
pøÚvRTgsEmþgemsVa EdlmaneramreácmYy EdlmanRtecok
Rcmu¼ nigknÞúydac Gg:úyelITIbMputéndg:tEdlePIøgeq¼ kñúg
ERsEdlePIøgeq¼mYy ehIyRTgsEmþgnageTBGbßr 500 Edl
maneCIgdUcCaeCIgRBab EdlmkkanTIbeRmIénsk;eTvraCkñúg
tavtþigßBiPB .
lu¼RTgsEmþgehIy Rtas´y¨agen¼fa ²En+ nnÞ Gñksm:al´
esckIþena¼dUcemþc ? cMENkNahñ+ ? manrUblðCag KYrdl´
kiriyaemogemIlCag nigKYrRC¼føaCag/ nagCnbTklüaNI ¦k¾
eTBGbßr 500 EdlmaneCIgdUceCIgRBaben¼³ . RB¼nnÞán
sþab´RB¼BuT§tRmas´ena¼ehIy RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn
emsVaEdlmaneramreác manRtecok Rcmu¼ nigknÞúydacena¼
y¨agNa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn nagCnbTklüaNIk¾dUecña¼Edr/
edaykareRbóbeFobKña nagCnbTklüaNI rEmgmincUldl´
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -262-
kiriyarab rEmgmindl´mYycMNit rEmgmindl´mYycMENkén
nageTBGbßrpg edayBitnageTBGbßr 500 en¼Ég manrUb
lðCag KYr[cg´emIlCag nigKYr[RC¼føaCag³ .
P¿ mñalnnÞ GñkcUreRtkGrcu¼/ mñalnnÞ GñkcUreRtkGr
cu¼/ tfaKtnwgCaGñkFanaedIm,IjúaMgGñk[áncMeBa¼nageTB-
Gbßr 500 EdlmaneCIgdUceCIgRBab .
n¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RbsinebIRB¼manRB¼PaKCaGñk
FanaedIm,IjúaMg¹RB¼Gg:[áncMeBa¼nageTBGbßr 500 Edlman
eCIgdUcCaRBabesat/ ¹RB¼Gg:nwgeRtkGrcMeBa¼RBhμcriy£ .
RKaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgnaMRB¼nnÞeTAátGMBIeTv-
elakena¼ ehIyánmkRákdkñúgvtþeCtBndUcedImvij .
PikçúTaMgLayánsþab´ehIyfa ²án|fa RB¼nnÞCaRB¼
GnuCrbsRB¼manRB¼PaK CabuRtrbs´RB¼matucäa RbRBwtþRBhμ-
criy£eRBa¼ehtuénnageTBGbßrTaMgLay/ án|fa RB¼man
-263- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RB¼PaKRTgCaGñkFana edIm,I[RB¼nnÞáncMeBa¼nageTBGbßr
500 EdlmaneCIgdUceCIgRBab ³ .
RB¼nnÞseRmcGrhtþpl
RKaena¼Ég BYkPikçúEdlCasmøajrbs´RB¼nnÞ ehARB¼
nnÞedayvaT£fa GñksuIQñÜlpg edayvaT£fa GñkEdlRB¼man
RB¼PaKRTgela¼pg ¦fa ²RB¼nnÞCaGñksuIQñÜlpg/ RB¼nnÞEdl
RB¼sasþaRTgela¼ehIypg/ RB¼nnÞRbRBwtþRBhμcriy£eRBa¼
ehtuénnageTBGbßr 500/ án|fa RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´CaGñk
FanaedIm,I[RB¼nnÞáncMeBa¼nageTBGbßr 500 EdlmaneCIg
dUceCIgRBab ³ .
RKaena¼Ég RB¼nnÞcegðótcgðl´ FujRTan ex<ImreGImcMeBa¼
vaT£fa GñksuIQñÜlpg cMeBa¼vaT£fa GñkEdlRB¼sasþaRTg
ela¼mkpgrbs´BYkPikçúEdlCasmøaj EtmñakÉgecosecj
eTAehIy minRbmaT manesckIþBüayam manxøÜnbBa¢ÚneTAehIy
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -264-
minyUrbu¨nμan k¾áneFVI[Cakc,as´nUvTIbMput énRBhμcriy£d¾
kMBUl EdlkulbuRtTaMgLayecjcakpÞ¼ bYsminmanpÞ¼ edIm,I
RbeyaCn_dl´KuNviessÉNa ánseRmcnUvKuNviessena¼
edayRbéBkñúgTidæFm’’ dwgc,as´fa ²CatiGs´ehIy/ RBhμcriy£
cb´ehIy/ kic©EdlRtÚveFVI@ rYceRscehIy/ kic©déTedIm,IPaB
Cay¨agen¼eTotminman³ . CakarsEmþgfa RB¼nnÞánCaRB¼-
GrhnþmYyGg: kñúgbNþaRB¼GrhnþTaMgLay .
RKaena¼ eTvtamYyGg: júaMgvtþeCtBnTaMgGs´[PWøsVag
kñúgcMENkénraRtIehIy cUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa fVaybg:MehIy
RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼nnÞCaRB¼GnuCrbs´RB¼
manRB¼PaK Cabutþrbs´RB¼matucäa eFVI[Cakc,as´nUvecetavimutþi
bBaØavimutþi EdlminmanGasv£ eRBa¼karGs´eTAénGasv£TaMg
Lay edaykardwgc,as´edaybBaØad¾RbéBénxøÜnÉg seRmc
ehIyenAkñúgTidæFm’’ . jaNánekIteLIgsUm,Idl´RB¼man-
-265- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
RB¼PaK ( Edr ) fa ²nnÞáneFVI[Cakc,as´nUvecetavimutþi bBaØa-
vimutþi EdlminmanGasv£ eRBa¼karGs´eTAénGasv£TaMgLay
edaykardwgc,as´edaybBaØad¾RbéBrbs´xøÜnÉg seRmcehIy
enAkñúgTidæFm’’ ³ . cMENkRB¼nnÞ lu¼knøgeTAénraRtIena¼ehIy
k¾cUleTAKal´RB¼manRB¼PaK fVaybg:MehIy ánRkabTUl
Baküen¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgCaGñk
FanaedIm,I[¹RB¼Gg:áncMeBa¼nUvnageTBGbßr 500 Edlman
eCIgdUceCIgRBab edaykarG¼GagNa/ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
¹RB¼Gg:eda¼RB¼manRB¼PaKGMBIkarG¼GagFanaena¼³ . RB¼man
RB¼PaKRtas´fa ²mñalnnÞ sUm,ItfaKtk¾kMNtdwgcitþrbs´Gñk
edaycitþ ( rbs´tfaKt ) ehIyRCabfa ²nnÞáneFVI[Cakc,as´
nUvecetavimutþi bBaØavimutþi EdlminmanGasv£ eRBa¼karGs´eTA
énGasv£ edaykardwgedaybBaØad¾RbéBrbs´xøÜnÉg seRmc
ehIyenAkñúgTidæFm’’ ³ . sUm,IeTvtak¾Ráb´esckIþen¼dl´tfaKt
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -266-
fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼nnÞáneFVICakc,as´nUvecetavimutþi
bBaØavimutþi EdlminmanGasv£ eRBa¼karGs´eTAénGasv£TaMg
Lay edaybBaØad¾RbéBrbs´xøÜnÉg seRmcehIyenAkúñgTidæ-
Fm’’ ³ . mñalnnÞ kalNacitþrbs´GñkrYcputehIycakGasv£
TaMgLay eRBa¼karminRbkanmaM/ kalena¼ tfaKtk¾rYcputGMBI
karFanaena¼Edr³ RKaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´RCabesckIþ
en¼ehIy RTgbnøW«Tanen¼kñúgevlaena¼fa ½
Pk KWkamEdlbuK:lNaqøgánehIy/ bnøa KWkam
EdlbuK:lNajaMjIánehIy buK:lena¼dl´ehIy
edaylMdab´ nUvkiriyaGs´eTAénemah£ rEmgmin
jab´j&rkñúgsux nigTukç .
RB¼nnÞRtÚvecaTRbkan´
éf¶mYy PikçúTaMgLaysYrRB¼nnÞfa ²En+ Gavuesa nnÞ kal
munelakeBalfa ²¹CaGñkGpßúkehIy/ }LÚven¼ citþrbs´elak
-267- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
y¨agNaEdr³ ? RB¼nnÞeqøIyfa ²Gavuesa karGaela¼Gal&ykñúg
PaBCaRKhsSrbs´eyIgminman³ . BYkPikçúánsþab´Baküena¼
ehIy eBalfa RB¼nnÞeBalBaküminBit BüakrnUvRB¼Gr-
htþpl/ éf¶muneBalfa ¹Gpßúk ( Et ) }LÚven¼eBalfa
esckIþGal&ykñúgPaBCaRKhsSrbs´eyIgminman dUecñ¼ehIy
eTARkabTUlesckIþena¼cMeBa¼RB¼manRB¼PaK . RB¼manRB¼PaK
Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLaykñúgéf¶mun@ GtþPaBrbsRB¼nnÞdUc
CapÞ¼EdleKRbkminlð/ ( bu¨Enþ ) }LÚven¼dUcCapÞ¼EdleKRbk´
lðehIy eRBa¼fa nnÞen¼ cab´edImBIkalEdlxøÜneXIjnageTB-
GbßrehIy BüayamedIm,IeFVInUvTIbMputénkic©rbs´bBVCit án
seRmckic©ena¼ehIy³ ánRTgPasitRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
9 yfa GKarM TucänñM vudiæ smtiviCÄti
ÉvM GPavitM citþM raeKa smtiviCÄti .
pÞ¼EdlRbkx¢Ix¢aehIy dMNkTwkePøóg rEmglic
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -268-
eRsacyagNamij citþEdlbuK:lminánGb´rM
TukehIy raK£rEmgcak´edaty¨agena¼Ég .
yfa GKarM sucänñM vudæi n smtiviCÄti
ÉvM suPavitM citþM raeKa n smtiviCÄti .
pÞ¼EdlRbklðehIy dMNkTwkePøóg rEmgminlic
eRsac y¨agNamij citþEdlbuK:lGb´rMTuklð
ehIy raK£rEmgmincakedatán yagena¼Ég .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa GKarM KWpÞ¼RbePTNamYy .
bTfa TucänñM KWEdleKRbkregVIl@ manRbehagtUc nig
FM .
bTfa smtiviCÄti KWRKab´ePøógrEmgliceRsacán .
bTfa GPavitM CaedIm esckIþfa raK£rEmgcak´edatcitþ
EdlbuK:lminánGb´rM eRBa¼CaFm μCatíq¶ayBIPavna dUcCaRKab´
-269- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
ePøógliceRsacpÞ¼ena¼sBVdUecña¼/ minEmnEtraK£müagbu¨eNÑa¼
eT/ sBVkielsTaMgLay maneTas£ emah£ nigman¼ CaedIm
k¾rEmgcakedatcitþEbbena¼dUcKñaEdr .
bTfa suPavitM ándl´ EdlánGb´rMlðehIy eday
GMNacsmfPavna nigvibsßnaPavna/ kielsTaMgLayman
raK£CaedIm rEmgminGaccakedatcitþEbbena¼áneLIy dUc
RKab´ePøógminGacliceRsacpÞ¼ EdleKRbk´lðehIyándUecña¼ .
kñúgkalcb´eTsna CnCaeRcInánseRmcGriyplTaMg
Lay manesatabtþiplCaedIm . eTsnaánmanRbeyaCn_
dl´mhaCnehIyy¨agen¼ .
RB¼nnÞRtÚvl,ÜglYgelamGMBImatuRKam
eRkaymk PikçúTaMgLaysnÞnaKñakñúgFm μsPafa ²mñal
Gavuesa EdleQμa¼fa RB¼BuT§TaMgLay CaGcäriybuK:lBit@
RB¼nnÞGaRs&ynagCnbTklüaNIGpßúkehIy RB¼sasþaRTg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -270-
eFVIBYknageTBGbßr[CaGamis ( nuy ) RTgTUn μanehIy³ . RB¼-
sasþaesþcyagmkRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay }LÚven¼
BYkGñkGg:úyRbCuMKñaedaykfaGVIhñ+ ? ³ kalPikçúTaMgena¼RkabTUl
fa ²edaykfaeQμa¼en¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg
LayminEmnEt}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT sUm,Ikñúgkalmun nnÞ nig
tfaKtk¾ánl,ÜglYgelamedaymatuRKamehIyRTgTUn μanEdr³
dUecñ¼ehIy EdlPikçúTaMgena¼GaraFna eTIbRTgnaMGtItniTanmk
( Rtas´fa ) ½
buBVkmμrbsRB¼nnÞ
kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTRBhμTtþRKb´RKgraCsm,tþi
kñúgRkúgBaraNsI ánmanQ μÜjGñkRkúgBaraNsImñak eQμa¼
kb,k£ laeQμalrbs´KatmYynaMPar£ ( vtSú ) eTAánmYykumÖ£
vaedIreTAánmYyéf¶ 7 eyaCn_/ sm&ymYy KateTAkanRkúg
tk;sila ( RBm ) TaMgPar£EdlnaMeTAedayla elglaeTAdrab
-271- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
lkTMnijGs´ . RKaena¼ laena¼RtaceTAelIxñgRbLayeXIj
emlamYyk¾cUleTArk . emlakalnwgeFVIbdisNæar£CamYy
nwglaeQμalena¼ eTIbeBalfa ²GñkmkGMBITINa ³ ?
laeQ μal¿ mkBIRkúgBaraNsI .
lajI¿ Gñkmkedaykm μGVI ?
laeQ μal¿ edaykm μrbs´QμÜj .
lajI¿ GñknaMTMnijeTAánbu¨nμan ?
laeQ μal¿ TMnijRbmaNmYykumÖ£ .
lajI¿ kalGñknaMTMnijRbmaNbu¨eNÑa¼eTA eTAán
bu¨nμaneyaCn_ ?
laeQ μal¿ án 7 eyaCn_ .
lajI¿ kñúgTIEdlGñkeTAehIy emlaNamYy Edl
CaGñkeFVIkarRcác´eCIg ¦Kkxñg[dl´GñkmanEdr¦eT ?
laeQ μal¿ En+ emd¾ceRmIn minmaneT .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -272-
lajI¿ kalebIdUecña¼ GñkrEmgesaynUvTukçFM ? Bit
Nas´ EdleQ μa¼fa GñkeFVIkm μmankarRcác´eCIg CaedIm
sRmab´stVtircäanTaMgLayrEmgminmanedayBit bu¨Enþemla
eBalBaküEbbena¼ edIm,ITakTgdl´kamsMeyaCn£/ la
eQ μalena¼ GpßúkeLIgehIyedayBakürbs´emlaena¼ .
cMENkkb,kBaNiC¢ lkTMnijGs´ehIyeTAkanTIEdl
lasñakenAehIyeBalfa ²En+ á GñkcUrmk eyIgnwgeTA ³ la
eQ μalena¼eqøIyfa ²elakcUreTAcu¼/ ¹mineTAeT³ lMdab´ena¼
naykb,k£GgVrlaeQμalena¼ehIy GgVreTot Kitfa ²eyIgnwg
júaMglaEdlminRáfñanwgeTAena¼[xøacehIynwgnaMeTA³ dUecñ¼
ehIy eBalKafaen¼fa ½
eyIgnwgeFVICnøÜjmanbnøaRsÜcRbEvg 16 Gg:úlI
dl´Ég/ eyIgcakkayrbs´Ég En+la GñkÉg
cUrdwgyagen¼cu¼³ .
-273- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
laánsþab´Baküena¼ehIy eqøIytbfa ²kalebIdUecña¼/
¹m©as´k¾nwgdwgkic©EdlKYreFVIdl´elakEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy eBal
Kafaen¼fa ½
elaknwgeFVICnøÜjmanbnøaRsÜcRbEvg 16 Gg:úlI
dl´¹m©as´ ¹m©as´nwgERCgGMBIxagmux nwgRáy
eLIgGMBIxageRkay ehIyjúaMgTMnijrbs´elak
[FøakeTA/ kb,k£ elakcUrdwgyagen¼cu¼ .
QμÜjánsþab´Baküen¼ehIy eTIbRti¼ri¼fa ²edayehtu
dUcemþchñ+ laen¼eTIbeBalBaküen¼nwgeyIg³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy
kalrmilemIlxagena¼xagen¼ eXIjemlaena¼ehIy Kitfa
laen¼RbEhlCaRtÚvemlaen¼beRgónehIyy¨agen¼/ eyIgcaM
ácRtÚvl,ÜgvaedaymatuRKamfa eyIgnaMemEdlmanrUby¨ag
en¼mk[Ég . ehIynwgnaMeTA dUecñ¼ eTIbeBalKafaen¼fa ½
²eyIgnwgnaMemlaRkmMu maneCIg 4 manmuxdUc
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -274-
s&gç manGvyv£TaMgBYgd¾lð mkCaPriyarbs´
Ég En+la GñkÉgcUrdwgy¨agen¼cu¼ ³ .
laánsþab´Baküena¼ehIy k¾mancitþeRtkGr eBal
Kafaen¼fa ½
²elaknwgnaMemlaRkmMu maneCIg 4 manmuxdUc
s&gç manGvyv£TaMgBYgd¾lð mkCaPriyarbs´¹
m©as´/ bBiRtkb,k£ elakcUrdwgy¨agen¼cu¼ ¹
m©as´nwgeTA[rh&séRkElgdl´ 14 eyaCn_ .
RKaena¼ naykb,k£ k¾eBalnwglaena¼fa ²ebIdUecña¼
ÉgcUrmkcu¼ ³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánTajeTAkanTIrbs´xøÜn . laena¼
edaykalknøgeTABIrbIéf¶ eTIbeBalnwgnaykb,k£fa ²elak
ánniyaynwg¹m©as´fa nwgnaMPriyamk[Ég/ dUecñ¼minEmn¦³
naykb,k£eqøIyfa eGI eyIgeBalBitEmnehIy/ eyIgnwgmin
TmøayBakúürbs´xøÜneT/ nwgnaMPriyamk[Ég/ EteyIgnwg[Ga-
-275- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
hardl´ÉgEtmñakbu¨eNÑa¼/ Gaharena¼RKb´RKandl´ÉgEdlman
RbBn§CaKRmb´BIr ¦minRKb´RKankIþ ÉgKb,IdwgxøÜnÉgcu¼ sUm,I
kUnTaMgLayEdlGaRs&ykarrYmsgVasrbs´ÉgTaMgBIr k¾ekIt
eLIg/ Gaharena¼RKb´RKandl´Ég nigkUnCaeRcInkIþ ¦minRKb´
RKankIþ/ ÉgcUrdwgxøÜnÉgcu¼³ . kalnaykb,k£ena¼eBaldUecña¼
laena¼k¾Gs´nUvesckIþGal&y .
RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mkehIy RTg
júaMgCatk[cb´eTAedayRB¼tRmas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay em
lakñúgkalena¼ánmkCanagCnbTklüaNI/ laeQμalán
mkCannÞ/ QμÜjánmkCatfaKt/ sUm,Ikñúgkalmun nnÞen¼
k¾ántfaKtl,ÜgedaymatuRKam TUnμanehIyedayRbkary¨ag
en¼³ dUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgRB¼nnÞ cb´ )
r e s
10 erOgnaycunÞsUkrik
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAvtþevLúv&n RTgRárB§burseQ μa¼
cunÞsUkrik Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F esacti ebc©
esacti³ CaedIm .
naycunÞciBa©wmCIvitedaykarciBa©wmRCÚklk´
án|mkfa naycunÞsUkrikena¼ smøab´RCÚkTaMgLay
suIpg lkpg ciBa©wmCIvitGs´ 55 qñaM . kñúgkalEdlGñk
CnbT manesckIþGtXøan RsÚveLIgéfø KatykreT¼pÞúkRsÚvnaM
eTAkanCnbT dUrkUnRCÚkGñkRsúkedayRsÚvRbmaNmYynaLi
¦k¾BIrnaLi pÞúkeBjreT¼ehIy RtLb´mkvij Bn§BT§TIkEnøg
mYy dUcCaeRkalxageRkayTIlMenA ehIydaMbEnøkñúgTIena¼Ég
edIm,IkUnRCÚkTaMgena¼/ kalkUnRCÚkTaMgena¼TMBasuInUvbEnøepßg@
xø¼ srIrvlBa¢£ ( kMEGlénsrIr£ ) xø¼ k¾FMFateLIg/ ( Kat )
-277- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
mankarRáfñaedIm,Inwgsmøab´nUvRCÚkNa@ k¾cgRCÚkena¼@ [maM
enAnwgTIsmøab´ ehIyvayedayeQI 4 RCúg edIm,I[sac´kñúg
srIr£RCÚkeágeLIgRkas´ dwgfa sacRkas´eLIgehIy k¾ebIk
mats‘kkMNateQIcUleTAkñúgcenøa¼éneFμj dgTwkekþAEdl
kMBugBu¼eRsac cUleTAkñúgmatedaynaLielah£ TwkekþAena¼
cUleTAkñúgeBa¼TaMgBu¼ekþA naMyknUvkrIsecjmktamcMENk
xageRkam ( TVarlamk ) krIsbnþicenAmandrabNa rEmgecj
CaTwklðkdrabena¼ kaleBa¼sðatehIy/ eTIbecjCaTwkføa
CaTwkminlðk/ eBlena¼ eTIbKatcakTwkEdlenAsl´elIxñg
RCÚkena¼ . Twkena¼júaMgEs,kexμA[rebIkecj . kñúglMdab´ena¼
eTIbKateralnUveramTaMgLayedayKb´es μA ehIykatk,al
edaydavd¾mut . RtgQamEdlhUrecjedayPaCn£ RcácnUv
sacedayQam ehIycMGin Gg:úyTMBasuIrYmCamYynwgPriya
RBmTaMgbutþ lk´nUvsacd¾ess .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -278-
kalKatciBa©wmCIvitedayTMngen¼ena¼Ég eBlevlaán
knøgeTA 55 qñaM . kalRB¼tfaKtRTgKgenAkñúgFurvihar/ karbUCa
edayp;aRtwmEtmYykþab´kIþ karfVayPikçaRtwmEtmYyEvkkIþ buNü
déTsUm,IEtbnþickIþ minánmanehIysUm,IEtmYyéf¶ .
RKaena¼ eraKekIteLIgkñúgsrIr£rbs´Kat kMedAkñúg
GvIcimhanrkRákddl´KatTaMgkMBugrs´enA .
GvIcimhanrkekþACagePIøgFmμta
EdleQμa¼fakMedAkñúgGvIcimhanrk rEmgCasPav£Edl
GacTMlaynUvEPñkTaMgLay rbs´GñkEdlQrsmøwgemIlenA
kñúgTIRbmaNmYyryeyaCn_án . smdUcBakü EdlRB¼man
RB¼PaKRtas´TukdUecñ¼fa ½
²kMedAkñúgGvIcimhanrk pßayeTAánrhUt 1
ryeyaCn_edayCMuvij taMgenARKbkal³ .
ehIyeRBa¼ehtuEtkMedAenAkñúgGvIcinrkena¼ manRbmaN
-279- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
éRkElgCagkMedAénePIøgFm μta eTIbRB¼naKesnetSreBal«bma
en¼Tukfa ²mhabBiRt sUm,IfμRbmaNbu¨npÞ¼kMBUl Edldakcu¼
eTAkñúgePIøgnrk rEmgdlkarrlaymYyrMeBcy¨agNa cMENk
ÉstVEdlekItkñúgnrkena¼ dUcCastVEdltaMgkñúgépÞénmata
rEmgminrlYyeTAeRBa¼kmøaMgénkm μ .
naycunÞ£esayplkmμTan´hn
kalkMedAena¼Rákddl´naycunÞsUkrikena¼ehIy/ Ga-
kar£d¾smKYrdl´km μk¾ekIteLIg . KatERsksMeLgdUcCaRCÚk
( ERskdUcCaRCÚk ) RtaceTAedayCg:gEtkñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég/ mþgeTA
kanTisxagekIt mþgeTAkanTisxaglic .
RKaena¼ BYkmnusßEdlenAkñúgpÞ¼rbs´Kat cab´Katy¨ag
maMehIybiTmat . Fm μtaplénkm μ KμannrNamñakGacham
XatáneLIy . KatedIrERskeTAxagena¼pg xagen¼pg .
mnusßkñúgpÞ¼ 7 xñgedayCuMvij minGacedklkán . mü¨ageTot
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -280-
mnusßkñúgpÞ¼TaMgGs´ kalminGachamnUvkarecjeTAxag
eRkArbs´Kat EdlRtÚvmrNP&yKRmamehIy eTIbbiTTVarpÞ¼
Gg:úyrkßaxageRkApÞ¼ edayRbkarEdlKat´enAxagkñúg minGac
nwgRtaceTAxageRkAán .
esayplkmμkñúgsm,rayPB
naycunÞsUkrik edIrERskmþgeTAxageNa¼ mþgmk
xageN¼ xagkñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég edaykMedAénePIøgnrk . Kat´Rtac
eTArhUtGs 7 éf¶ . kñúgéf¶TI 8 eFVIkalkiriyaehIyeTAekItkñúg
GvIcimhanrk . GvIcimhanrk GñkRáCJKb,IBN’natameTv-
TUtsURtcu¼ .
BYkPikçúylfaKat´smøabRCÚkeFVIviFImg:l
BYkPikçúkalnimnþeTAtamTVarpÞ¼rbs´Kat án|sMeLg
ena¼ehIy sm:al´fa ²sMeLgRCÚk³ eTAkanvihar Gg:úykñúg
smñakRB¼sasþa ehIyRkabTUly¨agen¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾
-281- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
ceRmIn kalRCÚkTaMgLayEdlnaycunÞsUkrikbiTTVar pÞ¼smøab´/
éf¶en¼Caéf¶TI 7/ mg:lNa@RbEhlCamankñúgpÞ¼ ( rbs´Kat )/
bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmInemtþacitþ ¦kruNacitþ sUm,IEtmYyrbs
KatEdlCaGñksmøab´RCÚkTaMgLay manRbmaNbu¨eNѼk¾min
man/ k¾stVEdlCaGñkkaceXareXAy¨agen¼ ¹RB¼Gg:TaMg-
LayminFøab´áneXIjesa¼eLIy³ .
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay naycunÞsUkrik
smøab´RCÚkrhUtGs´ 7 éf¶en¼k¾eT . bu¨EnþplEdlsmKYrdl´
km μekIteLIgehIydl´Kat kMedAénePIøgkñúgGvIcimhanrkRákd
dl´KatTaMgEdlenArsena¼Ég/ edaykMedAénePIøgnrkena¼ Kat´
ERskdUcRCÚkRtaceTAkñúgnievsn_rhUtGs´ 7 éf¶ . éf¶en¼eFVIkal
kiriyaehIy ( eTA ) ekItkñúgGvIci³ kalBYkPikçúRkabTUlfa ²bBiRt
RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn KatesakesAy¨agen¼kñúgelaken¼ehIy eTA
ekItkñúgzanEdlCaTIesakesAdEdleTot¦³ ? RB¼sm μasm<úT§
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -282-
Rtas´fa ²eGI y¨agena¼ mñalPikçúTaMgLay EdleQμa¼fa Gñk
RbmaTehIy eTa¼bICaRKhsSk¾eday bBVCitk¾eday rEmgesak
esAkñúgelakTaMgBIredayBitRákd³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´
RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
10 }F esacti ebc© esacti ábkarI «PytS
esacti esa esacti esa vihBaØti TisVa
kmμlidæmtþena .
buK:lGñkeFVIáb EtgesakesAkñúgelakTaMgBIr
KWesakesAkñúgelaken¼ 1 kñúgelakxagmux 1
buK:lena¼ rEmgesakesA ekþARkhay eRBa¼
eXIjGMeBIesAhμgrbs´xøÜn .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa ábkarI CaedIm esckIþfabuK:l
GñkeFVIábkm μmanRbkarepßg@ rEmgesakesAkñúgelaken¼ kñúg
-283- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eBlCitsøab´edaycMENkmYyBitRákd edayKitfa ²km μlð
eyIgminTanáneFVITuk km μGaRkkeyIgeFVITukehIy³ en¼Cakar
esakesAeRBa¼km μrbs´xøÜn/ k¾kaleKesaypl rEmgesak
esAkñúgelakxagmux en¼CaesckIþesakesAeRBa¼viákkñúg
elakxagmuxrbseK/ eKrEmgesakesAkñúgelakTaMgBIryag
en¼Ég/ edayehtuena¼Ég sUm,InaycunÞsUkrikena¼ k¾esak
esATaMgEdlxøÜnenArs´ .
áTRB¼Kafafa TisVa kmμkilidæmtþena esckIþfa eK
eXIjkm μd¾esAhμgrbs´xøÜnehIy rEmgesakesAedayRbkar
epßg@ EdleQ μa¼fa rEmgekþARkhay KWrEmglMák .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúCaeRcInánseRmcCaRB¼Griy-
buK:l manesatabnñ CaedIm eTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_
dl´ mhaCnedayRbkardUecñ¼Ég .
( erOgnaycunÞsUkrik cb´ )
r o s
11 erOgFm μik«ásk
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§Fm’μik«á-
sk Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F emaTti ebc© emaTTi³
CaedIm .
«ásk nig RkúmRKÜsarbMeBjkuslCanic©
án|mkfa kñúgRkúgsavtSI man«áskGñkbdibtþi
Fm’RbmaN 500 nak . bNþa«áskTaMgena¼ mYyrUb@ man
«áskCabrivarRáMry@ «áskEdlCaRbFanén«áskTaMg
ena¼manbuRt 7 nak FIta 7 nak . bNþabuRt nigFItaTaMgena¼
mñak@manslakyaKU/ slakPtþ/ bkçikPtþ/ sgÇPtþ/
«eásfikPtþ/ GaKnþúkPtþ/ vsßavasikPtþmYy@ . CnTaMgena¼
ánCaGñkeQμa¼fa GnuCatbuRtTaMgGs´Kña . ( CakarEdlsMEdg
fa ) slakyaKUCaedImmYy@ KWrbs´buRt 14 nak rbs´Priya
-285- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
mñak rbs´«áskmñak rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedayRbkardUecñ¼ .
«áskRBmTaMgbuRt nigPriyaCaGñkmansIl manklüaN-
Fm’ manesckIþeRtkGrkñúgkarEckTan edayRbkardUecñ¼ . RKa
eRkaymk eraKekIteLIgdl´Kat . GayusgçarsabsUnüeday
CuMvij .
«áskQWedksþabFm’
«áskRáfñanwgsþab´Fm’eTIbbBa¢Ún ( mnusß ) eTAkan
smñakRB¼sasþa edayRkabTUlfa ²sUmRB¼Gg:emtþabBa¢ÚnPikçú
8 rUb ¦ 16 rUb dl´¹RB¼Gg: . RB¼sasþa RTgbBa¢ÚnPikçú
TaMgLayeTA . PikçúTaMgena¼nimnþeTAehIyGg:úyelIGasn£Edl
eKRkalTukCMuvijERKrbs«ásk «áskeBalfa ²bBiRtelak
m©asd¾ceRmIn kareXIjelakm©asd¾ceRmInTaMgLay nwgCarbs
Edl¹RB¼kruNaánedaylMák/ ¹kruNaCamnusßTuBVlPaB/
sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay sVaFüaynUvRB¼sURtNamYydl´
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -286-
¹RB¼Gg:cu¼ .
eTIbsYrfa ²mñal«ásk elakRáfñanwgsþab´nUvsURt
Na³ ? kal«áskRáb´fa ²stib,dæansURtEdlRB¼BuT§RKb´
RB¼Gg:minRTgl¼bgehIy³ eTIbepþImsUFüRB¼sURtfa ²Ékay
ena GyM Pikçev meK:a stþanM visuT§iya³ CaedIm ²mñalPikçú
TaMgLay pøÚven¼CapøÚvmUlEtmYyRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckIþbrisuT§
énstVTaMgLay³ .
eTvtanaMrfmkTTYl«áskeTAeTvelak
kñúgxN£ena¼ rf 6 eRKÓg Rbdab´edayGlg;arRKb´y¨ag
Twmedayes¼sin§BmYyBan TMhM 155 eyaCn_ mkGMBIeTvelak
6 Can . eTvtaEdlQrenAelIrfTaMgena¼ mñak@ k¾GeBaI¢jfa
²bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn eyIgnwgnaMelakeTAkaneTvelakrbs
eyIg eyIgnwgnaMelakeTAkaneTvelakrbs´eyIg/ sUmelak
ekItkñúgTIen¼ edIm,IesckIþeRtkGrkñúgeTvelakrbseyIg dUc
-287- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
buK:lEdlTmøayPaCn£dI ehIykanykPaCn£mas³ .
«áskminRáfñanwg[GnþraydlkarsþabFm’ eTIbeBal
fa ²GñkTaMgLay cUrbgðgsin cUrbgðgsin³ .
BYkPikçú nig buRtFItarbs«áskylxus
PikçúmYyGg:@ Qb´es¶ómedayylfa ²«áskniyay
mkkanBYkeyIg³ . RKaena¼ buRt nigFItarbs´«áskKitfa
²bitarbs´BYkeyIgBImun CaGñkminEqðtedaykarsþab´Fm’/ Et
}LÚven¼ Rsab´Et[nimnþPikçúmkeFVIkasVaFüayehIy Xateday
xøÜnÉg EdleQ μa¼fa stVGñkminxøaccMeBa¼esckIþsøab´ min
man³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ányMknÞkkenÞj .
BYkPikçúRbwkßaKñafa ²}LÚven¼minCa{kas³ eTIbeRkakGMBI
Gasn£ecosecjeTA «áskjúaMgevlabnþic[knøgeTAehIy
RtLb´áns μartIsYrkUn@fa eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbBYkÉgnaMKñaknÞk´
kenÞj³ ?
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -288-
BYkbuRtk¾Ráb´fa ²bBiRtbita bita[nimnþPikçúmkehIy
sþab´Fm’ hamXatedayxøÜnÉg/ kalebIdUecñ¼ BYk¹k¾Kitfa
eQ μa¼fa stVGñkminxøacesckIþsøab´ minman³ dUecñ¼ eTIbknÞk´
kenÞj .
«¿ k¾elakm©as´d¾ceRmInTaMgLay eTANaGs´ ?
bu¿ bBiRtbita elakm©as´d¾ceRmInTaMgLay elakniyay
Kñafa ²minCa{kas eRkakcakGasn£ecosecjeTAehIy³ .
«¿ bitaminánniyayCamYynwgelakm©as´d¾ceRmInena¼eT .
bu¿ ebIdUecñ¼ bitaniyayCamYynwgnrNa ?
eTvtaRbdab´rf 6 eRKÓg naMmkGMBIeTvelak 6 Canct
enAB§d¾GakasmYyGg:@eFVInUvsMeLgfa sUmelakcUreRtkGrkñúg
eTvelakrbs´¹m©as´/ sUmelakeRtkGrkñúgeTvelakrbs´¹
m©as´ bitaniyayCamYynwgeTvtaTaMgena¼ .
bu¿ bBiRtbita rfenATINa BYk¹mineXIj ?
-289- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
«¿ k¾kRmgp;aedIm,Ibita manEdreT ?
bu¿ bBiRtbita man .
«¿ eTvelakCanNa KYrCaTIeRtkGrCag .
bu¿ bBiRtRB¼bita PBtusitEdlCaTIenAénRB¼eBaFistV
RKb´RB¼Gg: énRB¼BuT§mata nigénRB¼BuT§bita CaTIeRtkGrCag .
«¿ ebIdUecña¼ BYkkUnÉgcUrGFidæanfa ²sUmkRmgp;aen¼cUr
ctenAhñwgrfEdlmkGMBIPBtusit/ dUecñ¼ehIy cUreá¼kRmgp;a
eTAcu¼³ .
buRtTaMgLayena¼áneá¼kRmgp;aeTA . kRmgp;aena¼
ánCab´hñwgnwménrfsMyugcu¼B§d¾Gakas . mhaCneXIjEt
kRmgp;aena¼ mineXIjrfeT . «áskniyayfa GñkTaMgLay
eXIjkRmgp;aena¼eT³ ? kalbuRteqøIyfa ²eXIj³ eTIbeBal
fa ²kRmgp;aena¼BüÜrenAhñwgrfEdlmkGMBItusit eyIgnwgeTA
kantusit BYkÉgkuMRBÜyeLIy/ BYkÉgmanesckIþRáfñanwg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -300-
ekItkñúgsmñakrbs´eyIg k¾cUreFVIbuNüTaMgLaytamTMngEdl
eyIgeFVIehIycu¼ dUecñ¼ehIy eFVIkalkiriya bdisn§ienAelIrf
EdlmkGMBIPBtusit GtþPaBrbs´KatkMBs´RbmaN 3 Kavut
Rbdab´edayeRKÓgGlg;ar 60 reT¼ekItehIykñúgxN£ena¼Ég .
mannageTBGbßrmYyBan´ecameram . vimanEkvRbmaN 25
eyaCn_ ekItRákdehIy .
RB¼sasþa Rtas´sYrPikçúTaMgena¼ EdlCaGñkmkdl´
viharehIyedaylMdab´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay «áskánsþab´
Fm μeTsnaehIy¦ ? bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ánsþab´ehIy bu¨Enþ
«áskánhamXatnUvBYk¹RB¼Gg:kñúgcenøa¼ena¼Égfa ²sUm
elakbgðgsin/ xN£ena¼buRt nigFItarbs´«áskena¼knÞk´
kenÞj/ BYk¹RB¼Gg:k¾RbwkßaKñafa kñúgkal}LÚven¼ minCa
{kas/ eTIbeRkakcakGasn£ecjmk³ .
mñalPikçúTaMgLay «áskena¼mináneBalhñwgBYkGñk
-301- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eT/ k¾eTvtaRbdab´rf 6 eRKÓg naMmkGMBIeTvelak 6 Can´
GeBa¢Ij«áskena¼ elakminRáfñanwgeFVIGnþraydlkarsEmþg
Fm’ eTIbeBalhñwgeTvtaTaMgena¼ .
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agena¼BitEmn¦ ?
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼Ég .
P¿ }LÚven¼ «áskena¼ekItenATINa ?
s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay kñúgtusiteTvelak .
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn «áskena¼ánnUvkarrIkray
kñúgkNþalénRkúmjatienAkñúgelaken¼ehIy }LÚven¼ekItenA
kñúgzanmYyEdlCaTIrIkraydEdleTot¦ ?
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay y¨agena¼Ég
eRBa¼buK:lGñkminRbmaTehIyTaMgLay eTa¼bICaRKhsSkIþ bBV-
CitkIþ rEmgánnUvkarrIkraykñúgelakTaMgBYgedayBit³ dUecñ¼
ehIy ánRtasRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -302-
11 }F emaTti ebc© emaTti ktbueBaØa «PytS emaTti
esa emaTti esa bemaTti TisVa kmμvisuT§imtþena .
buK:lGñkeFVIbuNüTuk rEmgrIkraykñúgelakTaMgBIr
KWrIkraykñúgelaken¼ 1 rIkraykñúgelakxagmux 1
buK:lena¼ rEmgrIkrayRss´Rsay eRBa¼eXIj
GMeBIbrisuT§rbs´xøÜn .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa ktbueBaØa CaedIm esckIþfa
buK:lGñkeFVIkuslmanRbkarepßg@ rEmgrIkrayedaykarrIk-
rayeRBa¼km μkñúgelaken¼fa ²km μGaRkkeyIgmináneFVIeT/ km μ
lðeyIgáneFVIehIyhñ+³ l¼bgelaken¼eTAehIy rEmgrIkray
edaykarrIkrayeRBa¼viák/ eQμa¼fa rEmgrIkraykñúgelakTaMg
BIr y¨agen¼Ég .
bTfa kmμvisuT§w CaedIm esckIþfa sUm,IFm μik«áskk¾
-303- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eXIjkm μd¾brisuT§ KWkardl´RBménbuBaØkm μrbs´xøÜnehIy kñúg
kalmunGMBIkareFVIkalkiriya rEmgrIkraysUm,Ikñúgelaken¼/
eFVIkalkiriyasøab´eTAehIy }LÚven¼k¾rEmgrIkray KWrEmgrIk
rayéRkElgBit sUm,Ikñúgelakxagmux .
kalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcInánCaRB¼GriybuK:l man
esatabnñCaedIm/ RB¼Fm μeTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_dl´
mhaCn dUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgFm μik«ásk cb´ )
r 2 s
12 erOgeTvTtþ
esckIþxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§RB¼eTv-
Ttþ Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F tb,ti ebc© tb,ti³
CaedIm .
skü£TaMg 6 Gg:RTg´RB¼pñÜs
erOgRB¼eTvTtþ RB¼sasþaRtas´CatkTaMgGs´ EdlRTg
RárB§RB¼eTvTtþ[BisþarehIy taMgBIevlaEdlpñÜsrhUtdl´
RtÚvEpndIRsÚb . k¾esckIþsegçbkñúgerOgRB¼eTvTtþen¼ mandUc
teTAen¼ ½
kalRB¼sasþa RTgGaRs&yniKmmYyeQμa¼ Gnubiy£
rbs´BYkmløkßRt RTgKgenAkñúgGnubiyGm<v&nena¼Ég/ kñúgéf¶
TTYlRB¼lkçN£rbs´RB¼tfaKtena¼ RtkUlRB¼jati 8 muWn
RbKl´RB¼{rs 8 muWn[edayBaküfa ²siT§tSkumarCaRB¼raCak¾
-305- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
eday CaRB¼BuT§k¾eday/ nigmankßRtCabrivarRtaceTA³ kal
RB¼{rsTaMgena¼bYsehIy/ BYkRB¼jatieXIjskü£ 6 RB¼Gg:
KWPTÞiyraC GnuruT§ GannÞ PK:ú kim<il£ eTvTtþ minTanánbYs
k¾snÞnaKñafa ²BYkeyIgKYrEtjúaMgkUn@ rbs´xøÜn[bYs/ skü£
TaMg 6 en¼RbEhlCaminEmnRB¼jatieTdwg ? eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIb
minánRTgRB¼pñÜs³ .
RKaena¼ mhanamskü£ cUleTArkRB¼GnuruT§ehIyRtas´
fa ²mñalbðÚn GñkEdlecjbYsGMBIRtkUlrbs´eyIgminTanman/
bðÚnÉgbYs ¦k¾bgbYs³ GnuruT§kumarena¼CakßRtsuxumalCati
manePaKsm,ÚN’ sUm,IBaküfa ²minman³ RB¼Gg:k¾minFøab´RTg
RB¼sNþab´ . BitNas éf¶mYy kalkßRtTaMg 6 RB¼Gg:
ena¼RTgelgEl,gkUnXøI GnuruT§kumarRTgbraC&yedaynM ehIy
bBa¢Ún ( mnusß ) eTAedIm,IRtÚvkarnM . RKaena¼ RB¼matarbselak
RTgcatEcgnMbBa¢ÚneTA . kßRtTaMgLayesayehIy RTgelg
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -306-
eTot . RB¼GnuruT§ena¼ÉgCacMENkcajerOy@ eTA . cMENk
RB¼matakalRB¼GnuruT§bBa¢ÚnmnusßeTAehIyeTAeTot k¾bBa¢ÚnnM
eTAGs´ 3 dg kñúgvar£TI 4 pþaMeTAfa ²nMminman³ RB¼kumarRTg´
sm:al´fa ²nMen¼nwgCanMEbøkmYyRbePT³ eRBa¼RTgminFøab´án|
Baküfa ²minman³ k¾bBa¢ÚnmnusßeTAfa ²cUrnaMnMminmanena¼mk
cu¼³ .
cMENkRB¼matarbs´RB¼GnuruT§ kalGñkbeRmITUlfa
²bBiRtRB¼nagm©as´ sUmRB¼nagm©as´RbTannMminmanena¼mk³
eTIbRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²kUnrbseyIgminFøabán|Baküfa ( minman )
}LÚven¼ eyIgnwg[dwgnUvesckIþena¼eday«áyen¼³ eTIbRTg
RKbfasmasTeT edayfasmasdéTehIybBa¢ÚneTA .
BYkeTvtaEdlEfrkßaRB¼nKrena¼Kitfa RB¼GnuruT§skü£
ánfVayPtþEdlCacMENkxøÜn cMeBa¼RB¼bec©kBuT§RB¼namfa
«bridæ£ kñúgkalEdlxøÜnCaGnñPar£ RTgeFVIesckIþRáfñaTukfa
-307- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
( sUmkuM[¹RB¼ Gg:ánsþab´nUvBaküfa ( minman ) kuMs:al´TI
ekIténePaK£/ ebIRB¼GnuruT§en¼nwgRTgeXIjfasTeTesat/ BYk
eyIgk¾nwgmináncUleTAkaneTvsmaKm/ TaMgsirsarbs´BYk
eyIgk¾nwgEbkCa 7 cMerok/ eBlena¼ k¾áneFVIfasena¼[eBj
edaynMTiBV lu¼GñkbeRmIdakfasena¼cu¼RtgTIlanelgEl,g
kUnXøIehIyebIkKRmbPøam køinnMpßayTUeTAeBjRB¼nKr . RKan
EtkßRtTaMg 6 Gg:ena¼ dakcMNitena¼nMcUleTAkñúgRB¼{sæPøam
k¾pßayTUeTAeBjRbsaT sRmab´TTYlrsTaMg 7 Ban .
RB¼kumarena¼RTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²eyIgRbEhlminCaTIRs-
Lajrbs´RB¼mataehIyemIleTA eTIbRB¼mataminRTgeFVInMmin
manen¼RbTandl´eyIgrhUtGs´evlaRbmaNbu¨eNѼ/ cab´taMg
BIen¼eTA eyIgnwgminsuInMdéT³ dUecñ¼ehIy esþcyageTAkan
dMNak TUlsYrRB¼matafa ²bBiRtRB¼mata ¹RB¼Gg:CaTIRs-
Lajrbs´RB¼mata ¦k¾minCaTIRsLajeT³ ?
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -308-
m¿ En+ kUn kUnÉgrEmgCaTIRsLajy¨agéRkElgrbs´
RB¼mata dUcdYgEPñkrbs´GñkEdlmanEtEPñkmçag nigdUcdYgcitþ
rbs´RB¼mata dUecña¼ .
G¿ kalebIdUecña¼ eRBa¼ehtudUcemþc eTIbRB¼mataminRTg´
eFVInMminmanRbTan[dl´TUlRB¼bg:MCa¹ rhUtGs´kalmanRb-
maNbu¨eNѼ .
RB¼nagsaksYrmhatlikEdlsñiT§sñalfa ²nMGVI@ man
enAkñúgfas¦³ ? mhatlikTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼nagm©as´ fas
eBjeTAedaynM/ nMEbben¼TUlbg:Mk¾minFøab´áneXIjEdr³ . RB¼
nagRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²buRtrbs´eyIgnwgCaGñkmanbuNü manGPi-
nIharáneFVITukehIy/ eTvtaTaMgLaynwgdaknM[eBjfas
ehIybBa¢ÚneTA . lMdab´ena¼ eTIbRB¼{rsTUlRB¼matafa
²bBiRtRB¼matacab´taMgBIéf¶en¼eTA buRtnwgminesaynMdéTeT/
sUmRB¼mataKb,IeFVInMminmanEtmüag[dl´¡¡¡¡¡¹³ . cabtaMgBIena¼
-309- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
mksUm,IRB¼nag kalRB¼kumarena¼TUlfa ²buRtRtÚvkaresay
nM³ k¾RTgRKbfasTeTena¼ÉgedayfasdéT bBa¢ÚneTARbTan
dl´kumarena¼ . eTvtaTaMgLaybBa¢ÚnnMTiBVfVayRB¼kumarena¼
rhUtEdlelakenACaXravas .
skü£TaMgBIrsnÞnaKñaGMBIerOgbYs nig kargar
RB¼kumarena¼ kalminRTgRCabsUm,IBakümanRbmaN
bu¨eNѼ nwgRTgRCabdlkarbYsányagNa ? eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIb
RB¼GnuruT§TUlsYrRB¼eCdæafa ²karbYsen¼etIdUcemþc³ ? kalRB¼
mhanamRtas´fa ²GñkbYsRtÚvekarsk nigBukmat Bukcg;a
RtÚvesøókdNþb´sMBtkasay£ RtÚvedkelIkRmalsøwkeQI ¦
elIERKEdlRkgedayepþA RtacbiNÐát en¼eQ μa¼fakarbYs³
eTIbTUlfa ²bBiRtm©as´bg ¹CasuxumalCati/ ¹minGacbYs
áneT³ . RB¼mhanamRtas´fa ²En+bðÚn ebIdUecña¼ bðÚnÉgcUreron
kargarrbs´Xravascu¼ bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrnak RbsinebIminman
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -310-
nrNamñakbYsminsmKYresa¼eLIy³ .
xN£ena¼ GnuruT§kumarTUlsYrRB¼m©as´bgfa ²EdleQ μa¼
fakargarena¼ etIdUcemþcEdr ? kulbuRtEdlmindwgsUm,ITIekIt
énPtþ nwgeFVIkargarány¨agNa ?
skü£TaMg 3 snÞnaKñaGMBITIekIténPtþ
éf¶mYy karsnÞnaKñaánekIteLIgdl´skü£TaMg 3 RB¼
Gg:fa ²PtþekItGMBIeLIgTINa ?³ kim<ilkumareqøIyfa ²ekIteLIg
kñúgCRgúk RKaena¼ PTÞiykumarRtas´CMTas´kim<ilkumarfa ²Gñkmin
TanRCabTIekIténPtþeT/ EdleQμa¼faPtþ rEmgekIteLIgGMBI
qñaMgáy³ . GnuruT§kumarRtas´CMTas´fa ²sUm,IGñkTaMgBIrk¾minTan
RTgRCabEdr Fm μtaPtþrEmgekIteLIgGMBIfasmasRbmaN 1
htSkþab´ .
án|mkfa bNþakßRtTaMg 3 Gg:ena¼ éf¶mYy km<il-
kumarRTgeXIjeKCBa¢ÚnRsÚvecjGMBICRgúk k¾yl´kñúgRB¼T&y
-311- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
fa ²RsÚvTaMgen¼ekIteLIgGMBICRgúkena¼Ég³ .
cENkRB¼PTÞiykumar éf¶mYy RTgeXIjeKdYsPtþecj
GMBIqñaMgáy k¾yl´fa ²PtþekIteLIgGMBIqñaMgáyena¼Ég³ .
cMENkGnuruT§kumar RTgminEdleXIjGñkKrRsÚv GñkdaM
áy ¦GñkdYsáyGVITaMgGs´/ RTgeXIjEtáyEdleKdYs
ehIytm;l´TukcMeBa¼RB¼P®kþb¨ueNÑa¼ . eTIbRB¼Gg:RTgyl´fa
²PtþekIteLIgGMBIfas kñúgevlaEdlRtÚvkarbriePaK³ kßRtTaMg
3 RB¼Gg:ena¼ rEmgminRTgRCabsUm,ITIekIténPtþ edayRbkar
y¨agen¼ . eRBa¼ehtudUecña¼ GnuruT§kumaren¼ k¾TUlsYrfa ²Edl
eQ μa¼fakargarena¼ etIdUcemþc ? lu¼ánRTgsþab´kic©kar Edl
XravasnwgKb,IeFVIRbcaMqñaM manCaGaT#fa ²dMbUgRtÚvP¢ÜrERs³ eTIb
Rtas´fa ²TIbMputénkargarTaMgLaynwgRákdenAeBlNa/ kal
Na eTIb¹nwgmankarxVl´xVaytic eRbIRás´ePaK£áneTA³ kal
RB¼mhanamRtas´Ráb´karminmanTIbMput énkargarTaMgLay
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -312-
ehIy TUlfa ebIy¨agena¼ ²sUmm©as´bg RTgRKb´RKgXravas
cu¼ ¹minRtÚvkarPaBCaXravasena¼eT³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾cUleTA
TUlmatafa ²bBiRtRB¼mata sUmRB¼mataGnuBaØat[¹cu¼ ¹nwg
bYs³ kalRB¼nagRTghamdl 3 dg Rtasfa ²ebIRB¼PTÞiy£
EdlCasmøajrbs´kUnnwgbYsesat/ kUncUrbYsCamYynwgRB¼
Gg:cu¼³ eTIbcUleTArkRB¼PTÞiy£ena¼ehIy TUlfa ²mñalsmøaj
karbYsrbs´¹Cab´TaknwgsmøajÉg dUecñ¼ehIy ánjúaMgRB¼
PTÞiy£ena¼[yl´RBmedayRbkarepßg @ . kñúgéf¶TI 7 RTg
TTYlebþCJaedIm,IbYsCamYynwgRB¼PTÞiy£ .
«áliecjbYsCamYynwgskü£TaMg 6 Gg:
eBlena¼ kßRtTaMg 6 Gg:en¼ KW PTÞiysküraC GnuruT§
GannÞ PK:ú kim<il£ nig eTvTtþ man«áliEdlCanayPUsa-
malaCaKRmb´ 7 RTgesaymhasm,tþirhUt 7 éf¶ dUceTvta
esayTiBVsm,tþi/ ehIyesþcyagecjedaycturg:esna dUc
-313- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
esþcyageTAkanRB¼«Tüan dlEdnénkßRtGg:déTehIy RTg´
bBa¢ÚnkgT&BTaMgGs´[RtLb´eTAedayRB¼raCGaCJa esþcyag
cUleTAkanEdnénkßRtGg:déT bNþamnusßTaMg 7 nakena¼
kßRt 6 RB¼Gg: RTgeda¼GaPrN£rbs´xøÜn@ eFVICakBa©b´ehIy
Rtas´fa ²En+ nay«áli GeBa¢IjelakRtLb´eTAvijcu¼ RTBü
RbmaNbu¨eNѼ GñklμmciBa©wmCIvitánehIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy RbTan
dl´«áli . «álibRm¼nenolehIyxßwkxßÜleTobTICitRB¼-
áTénkßRtTaMgena¼ehIy eTIbeRkakeLIgkankBa©b´GaPrN£
ena¼RtLb´eTAvij . kñúgkalEdlCnTaMgena¼EbkCaBIrBYk
éRBhakdUcCadl´nUvkarTYjyM/ EpndIhakdUcCadl´nUvGakar
jab´j&r . cMENk«áliPUsamalaeTAánbnþic k¾RtLb´Kit
y¨agen¼fa ²BYkskü£kacsem,ImNas nwgKb,Ismøab´eyIg
edaykaryl´fa ²RB¼kumarTaMgLayRtÚvbuK:len¼pþacRB¼Cn μ
ehIydUecñ¼k¾án/ ÉskükumarTaMgen¼ RTgl¼bgsm,tþiEbben¼
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -314-
eá¼bgecalGaPrN£EdlkatéføminánTaMgen¼ dUcduMEsøs μ
ehIybYs/ cu¼GjmanGVICaehtu manGVICaCMTas´ eTIbminbYs ?
lu¼Kit ( dUecñ¼ ) ehIy k¾RsaybgVicRTBüecjykGaPrN£
TaMgena¼BüÜrTukhñwgedImeQI ehIyeBalfa ²GñkEdlmanesckIþ
RtÚvkarcUrkanykcu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTAkansmñakénskükumar
TaMgena¼ skü£TaMgena¼RtassYrfa ²ehtuGVI eTIbGñkRtLb´mk
vij³ ? «áliRkabTUlesckIþena¼ .
skü£TaMg 6 Gg:seRmc
RKaena¼ skükumarTaMgena¼ RTgnaMnayPUsamalaeQ μa¼
«álieTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa fVaybg:MRB¼manRB¼PaKehIy
RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLayCaskü£
mankarRbkan´xøÜnCaRbcaM ( snþan ) bursen¼CaGñkbeRmIBYk¹RB¼
Gg:rhUtGs´kalyUr/ sUmRB¼Gg:emtþa[bursen¼bYsmuncu¼/
¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLaynwgeFVIsamIcikm μ mankarGPivaTCaedImdl´eK
-315- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
karRbkanxøÜnrbs¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLay nwgGs´eTAedayGakar
y¨agen¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy [nayPUsamalaeQμa¼«áliena¼bYs
mun eTIbxøÜnÉgbYsCaxageRkay . bNþaskü£TaMg 6 Gg:ena¼
RB¼PTÞiy£ánCaRB¼GrhnþetvieC¢akñúgrvagvsßaena¼Ég . RB¼-
GnuruT§CaGñkmanckçúCaTiBV xageRkaymkRTg´sþab´mhaburis-
vitk;sURtk¾ánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ . RB¼GannÞántaMgenAkñúg
esatabtþipl . RB¼PK:úetSr nigRB¼kim<il£ xageRkaymkcMerIn
vibsßnaánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ . RB¼eTvTtþánseRmc¬T§i
EdlCarbs´bufuC¢n .
RB¼eTvTtþsEmþg¬T§idlGCatstþúraCkumar
kñúgkaltmk kalRB¼sasþaKgenAkñúg Rkúgekasm<I/
laP nigsk;ar£CaeRcInekIteLIgdl´RB¼sasþaRBmTaMgRB¼-
sgÇsavk . mnusßTaMgLayEdlenAkñúgRkúgekasm<Iena¼ man
édkansMBt nigePsC¢£CaedImcUleTAkanvihar ehIysYrKñafa
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -316-
²RB¼sasþaRTgKgenATINa ? RB¼sarIbutþetSrenATINa ? RB¼-
mhaemaK:løanetSrenATINa ? RB¼mhaksßbenATINa ? RB¼-
PTÞiyetSrenATINa ? RB¼GnuT§etSrenATINa ? RB¼GannÞetSrenA
TINa ? RB¼PK:úetSrenATINa ? RB¼km<iletSrenATINa ? dUecñ¼
ehIy edIrrkemIlTIGg:úyrbsRB¼GsItimhasavk . Edl
eQ μa¼famanGñksYrfa ²RB¼eTvTtþetSrKg ¦QrenATINa³ ?
dUecñ¼rEmgminman RB¼eTvTtþena¼k¾Kitfa eyIgbYsRBmCamYy
nwgskü£TaMgen¼Edr . skü£TaMgen¼CaxtþiybBVCit . sUm,I
eyIgk¾CaxtþiybBVCitEdr . BYkmnusßmanédkanlaP nigsk;ar£
EsVgrkelakTaMgen¼/ KμanGñkNamYysYrrkeQμa¼rbs´eyIg
esa¼ eyIgnwgsmaKmCamYynwgnrNahñ+ Kb,IjúaúMgnrNa[
RC¼føa ehIyjúaMglaP nigsk;ar£[ekItdl´eyIg³ . RKaena¼
karRti¼ri¼en¼ekItmandl´RB¼eTvTtþfa RB¼áTBim<isarRBmTaMg
brivar 11 nhut RTgtaMgenAkñúgesatabtþiplehIy edaykar
-317- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
CYbRB¼sm μasm<úT§taMgBIRKadMbUgemø¨¼/ eyIgminGacsmaKmCa
mYynwgRB¼raCaGg:ena¼áneT sUm,ICamYynwgRB¼áTekasl
eyIgk¾minGacsmaKmánEdr/ cMENkRB¼GCatstþúkumarEdl
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GñkNamYy eyIgnwgsmaKmCamYynwgkumarena¼³ RB¼eTvTtþ
ena¼k¾ecjBIRkúgekasm<IeTAkanRkúgraCRKw¼ nimiμtnUvePTCakumar
tUc Rbdab´GsirBis 4 B§d¾éd nigeCIgTaMgLay mYyRtgk
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edaysgVarCavikar£énBs Gg:úyelIRB¼EPñnrbs´RB¼GCatstþú
kumar/ kalRB¼kumarena¼RTgxøacehIy Rtas´sYrfa ²elakCa
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karxøacrbs´RB¼kumar k¾pøas´nUvGtþPaBena¼mkCaPikçúRTRTgnUv
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[RTgRC¼føa júaMglaP nigsk;ar£[ekIteLIgdl´xøÜn .
eTvTtþBüayamsmøabRB¼smμasm<úT§
RB¼eTvTtþEdlRtÚvlaP nigsk;ar£RKbsg;tehIy
k¾júaMgKMnitd¾lamk[ekIteLIgfa ²eyIgnwgRKb´RKgPikçúsgdz
dUecñ¼ehIy k¾sabsUnücak¬Ti§RBmnwgcitþúb,aTEdlekIteLIg
ena¼Ég fVaybg:MRB¼sasþaEdlkMBugsEmþgFm’dl´bris&T RBm
TaMgRB¼raCakñúgvtþevLúv&n eRkakcakGasn£ehIyQrp:gGBa¢lI
RkabTUlfa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn eBlen¼RB¼manRB¼PaK
RTgRB¼CraehIy sUmRB¼manRB¼PaKcUrRTgCaGñkxVl´xVaytic
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Gg:nwgRKb´RKgPikçúsgÇ sUmRB¼Gg:emtþaRbKl´PikçúsgÇ[dl
¹RB¼Gg:cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy RtÚvRB¼sasþaRTgti¼edoledayexLa-
sikvaT£(1) RTghamXatehIy/ mineBjcitþ áncgGaXat
en¼nwgRB¼sasþa CaelIkdMbUgehIyecosecjeTA .
(1) Gñkbric©aKbc©&ydUcTwkmat (2) kmμEdlsgÇKYrRbkas
RKaena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaK
Rtas´bBa¢a[eFVIbkasnIykm μ(2)
-319- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
kñúgRkúgraCRKw¼dl´elakehIy/ eTvTtþKitfa ²}LÚveyIgRtÚvRB¼
smNeKatmkm©atehIy/ }LÚven¼ eyIgnwgeFVIesckIþvinas[
dl´RB¼smNeKatm³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾cUleTAKal´RB¼raCkumar
GCatstþú TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼kumar kalmunmnusßTaMgLay
manGayuEvg/ Et}LÚven¼mnusßmanGayuxøI/ k¾karEdlRB¼Gg:
Kb,IesayTivg:ttaMgBIenACaRB¼kumarena¼ Cazan£EdlRbRBwtþ
eTAán/ bBiRtRB¼kumar ebIdUecña¼ RB¼Gg:cUrsmøab´nUvRB¼bita
ehIycUrCaRB¼raCacu¼ Gatμasmøab´RB¼manRB¼PaKehIy nwgCa
RB¼BuT§Edr³ kalRB¼kumarena¼taMgenAkñúgraCsm,tþiehIy án
júaMgRB¼raCkumar[RTgbBa¢ÚnbursTaMgLayeTAedIm,I nwgsmøab´
RB¼tfaKt/ kalbursTaMgena¼seRmcesatabtþiplehIy Rt-
Lb´mkvij/ k¾eLIgkanPñMKiCÄkUdxøÜnÉg RbemolfμedaybMNg
fa ²eyIgnwgpþacpþilnUvRB¼smNeKatmcakCIvitedayxøÜnÉg³
áneFVIkm μ KWjúaMgRB¼elahitRB¼BuT§[Bu¼BgeLIg/ kalminGac
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -320-
smøab´eday«áysUm,IEbben¼ k¾júaMgRB¼áTGCatstþú[
bBa¢araCburs[ElgnaLaKirIeTAeTot/ kaldMrIena¼kMBugedIrmk
RB¼GannÞetSrRBml¼bgCIvitrbs´xøÜnfVayRB¼sasþa ánQr
áMgenAcMeBa¼RB¼P®kþRB¼sasþa .
RB¼sasþa RTgTUnμandMrIena¼ehIy esþcecjcakRB¼-
nKrmkkan´RB¼vihar RTg´esaymhaTanEdl«áskeRcIn
BannaMmkcMeBa¼ehIy RTgsMEdgGnubuBVIkfaeRásGñkRkúgraC
RKw¼rab´án 18 ekadi EdlRbCuMKñakñúgéf¶ena¼ Fm μaPism&yekIt
mandl´stV RbmaN 84000 nak´ .
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rbs´RB¼efr£fa ²{ hñ+ RB¼GannÞmanKuNeRcInNas´ kalesþc
dMrIEbbena¼mk/ ánRBml¼bgCIvitrbs´xøÜnQráMgenAcMBImux
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-321- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
bgCIvitedIm,IRbeyaCn_tfaKtehIyEdr³ kalPikçúTaMgLayTUl
GaraFnaehIy eTIbRTgRtas´cuLhgßCatk mhahgßCatk
nigkk;aruCatk .
kmμGaRkkrbsRB¼eTvTtþRákddlmhaCn
km μrbs´RB¼eTvTtþ mankarjúaMgRB¼GCatstþúkumar[
smøab´RB¼bitakIþ catEcgnayx μanFñÚkIþ eRBa¼RbemolsilakIþ
minánRákddUckarElgdMrInaLaKirIeLIy . RKaena¼Ég mha
CnánRCÜleRCImfa sUm,IRB¼raCak¾RB¼eTvTtþena¼Ég CaGñk
cat[smøab´ sUm,InayxμanFñÚk¾RB¼eTvTtþena¼ÉgCaGñkcat[
bBa¢ÚneTA sUm,Isilak¾RB¼eTvTtþCaGñkRbemolEdr . ehIy
}LÚven¼ elakk¾ánElgdMrInaLaKirImkeTot/ RB¼raCaRTgesB
Kb´nUvbuK:ld¾lamkEbben¼³ RB¼raCaRTgRB¼sNþab´nUvsMdI
rbs´mhaCnehIy k¾bBa¢a[naMsRmab 500 mkvij ehIyRB¼
Gg:k¾minányageTAkanTIbeRmIrbs´RB¼eTvTtþena¼eTot/ sUm,I
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -322-
GñknKrk¾minánfVaysUm,InUvPikçatictYc dl´elakEdlCaGñk
cUleTAkanRtkUl .
RB¼eTvTtþTUlsUmvtSú 5 Rbkar
RB¼eTvTtþena¼ sabsUnücaklaP nigsk;ar£ehIy
RáfñanwgciBa©wmCIvitedaykareákRás eTIbcUleTAKal´RB¼-
sasþa TUlsUmvtSú 5 Rbkar RtÚvRB¼manRB¼PaKRTghamfa
²mñaleTvTtþ kuMeLIy PikçúGg:NaRáfñanwgenAéRB PikçúGg:ena¼
k¾cUrenAcu¼ dUecñ¼ehIy TUlfa ²mñalGavuesa Bakürbs´Gñk
Nalð rbs´RB¼tfaKt ¦k¾¾rbs´eyIg t,itfa eyIgeBal
edayGMNacénkarRbtibtþiy¨ag«Rkidæy¨agen¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:sUm{kas sUmPikçúTaMgLaycUrCaGñkenAéRB
drabGsCIvit RtacbiNÐát RTRTgsMBtbgßúkUl enAEk,rKl´
eQI kuMKb,IqanRtI nigsacrhUtGs´mYyCIvit³ ehIyeBalfa
²PikçúNaRáfñanwgrYccakTukç Pikçúena¼cUrmkCamYynwgeyIg³
-323- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ecosecjeTA . PikçúBYkxø¼eTIbbYsfμI mankarec¼
dwgtictYc ánsþab´Bakürbs´RB¼eTvTtþena¼ehIy bbYlKñafa
²RB¼eTvTtþniyayRtwmRtÚv BYkeyIgnwgRtaceTACamYynwgRB¼
eTvTtþena¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ánsmaKmCamYynwgRB¼eTvTtþ .
RB¼eTvTtþbMEbksgÇ
RB¼eTvTtþena¼ júaMgCnEdlCaGñkRC¼føakñúgvtþd¾esA-
hμg [yl´edayvtSú 5 Rbkarena¼ehIy RBmCamYynwgPikçú
500 Gg: edIrsUm ²bc©&y³ kñúgRtkUlTaMgLaymkbriePaK Büa-
yamedIm,IbMEbksgÇ . elakEdlRtÚvRB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´
sYrfa ²mñaleTvTtþ án|fa GñkÉgBüayamedIm,ITmøaysgÇ
edIm,ITmøaycRkBitEmnn¦³ ? k¾TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn
Bit EmnehIy³ . sUm,IRB¼Gg:RTgRtas´TUnμanedayRB¼BuT§vcn£
manCaGaT#fa ²mñaleTvTtþ karTmøaysgÇmaneTasF¶nNas´³
k¾mináneGIeBIcMeBa¼RB¼vacarbsRB¼sasþaeLIy ehIyk¾ecos
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -324-
ecjeTA ánCYbRB¼GannÞEdlkMBugRtaceTAbiNÐátkñúgRkúg
raCRKw¼ áneBalnwgRB¼GannÞfa mñalGavuesa GannÞ cab´taMg
BIéf¶en¼CaedImeTA ¹kruNanwgeFVI«eásf nwgeFVIsgÇkm μevor
cakRB¼manRB¼PaK evorcakPikçúsgÇehIy .
RB¼efr£RkabTUlesckIþena¼dl´RB¼manRB¼PaK . RB¼
manRB¼PaKRTg´RCabesckIþena¼ehIy ekItFm μsegVK RTgRB¼
tRmi¼fa ²eTvTtþeFVIkm μCaehtu[xøÜneq¼kñúgGvIcimhanrk Edl
TakTgdl´karvinasdl´stVelak RBmTaMgeTvelak³ dUecñ¼
ehIy Rtas´RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
km μTaMgLayNa minlðpg minCaRbeyaCn_dl´xøÜn
pg km μTaMgena¼CnBaleFVIánedaygay km μNa
CaRbeyaCn_pg lðpg km μena¼Ég CnBaleFVIán
edaylMáky¨agéRkElg .
RTgbnøWRB¼«Tanen¼eTotfa ½
-325- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
km μlðmnusßlðeFVIánedaygay km μlðmnusßGaRkk
eFVIánedaylMák kmμGaRkkmnusßGaRkkeFVIán
edaygay km μGaRkkRB¼Griy£eFVIánedaykRm .
RKaena¼Ég RB¼eTvTtþGg:úyenAkñúgcMENkmçagCamYynwg
bris&Trbs´xøÜnkñúgéf¶«eásf eBalfa ²vtSú 5 Rbkaren¼ rEmg
eBjcitþdl´PikçúNa/ Pikçúena¼cUrcab´søak³ kalBYkPikçúvC¢Ibutþ
500 rUb EdlCaGñkeTIbEtbYsfμI minTandwgc,as´nUvFm’vin&y
EdlRB¼manRB¼PaKRTgsEmþglðehIy naMKñacab´søak án
TmøaysgÇ naMPikçúTaMgena¼eTAkan´KyasIsRbeTs .
GK:savkTaMgBIrnaMPikúçRtLbcUlkan´BYkán
RB¼sasþa RTgRB¼sNþab´nUvkarEdlRB¼eTvTtþena¼eTA
kanKyasIsRbeTsena¼ehIy k¾RTgbBa¢ÚnRB¼GK:savkTaMg
BIreTA edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´karnaMPikçúTaMgena¼mkvij . RB¼GK:-
savkTaMgBIrena¼eTAkanTIena¼ehIy eRbónRbedAedayGnusa-
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -326-
snIpg edayGaeTsnaádihariy_pg nig}T§iádihariy_pg
júaMgPikçúTaMgena¼[pwkGmtFm’ehIy ánnaMmktampøÚvGakas .
cMENkRB¼ekakalik£eBalfa ²mñaleTvTtþd¾manGayu
elakcUreRkakeLIgcu¼/ RB¼sarIbuRt nigRB¼emaK:løannaMykPikçú
TaMgena¼eTAGs´ehIy ¹ánRáb´elakehIyfa ²En+ Gavuesa
elakkuMTukcitþRB¼sarIbuRt nigRB¼emaK:løan[esa¼ ( eRBa¼ ) RB¼
sarIbuRt nigRB¼emaK:løanmanesckIþRáfñalamk lu¼kñúg
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RTÚg ( RB¼eTvTtþ ) . elahitd¾ekþAx<úreLIgGMBImatrbs´RB¼
eTvTtþTIena¼nu+¼Ég .
cMENkBYkPikçúeXIjRB¼sarIbuRt manPikçúsgÇecameram
EhhmmktamGakasehIy RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn
RB¼sarIbuRtkñúgkaleTAmanbuK:lCaKMrb´ 2 bu¨eNÑa¼eTACamYy/
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buBVkmμrbsRB¼eTvTtþ
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay minEmnEt}LÚv
en¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,IkñúgkalEdlelakekItkñúgkMeNIttircäan
buRtrbs´tfaKtmkkan´smñakrbs´tfaKt k¾rEmglðdUcKña
Edr³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánRtasCatken¼fa ½
²esckIþceRmIn Etgmandl´BYkGñkmansIlTaMg-
Lay GñkRbRBwtþbdisNæar£ nagcUremIlRmwK
eQμa¼lkçN£ kMBugedIrmkEdlmanBYkjatiEh
hm nageXIjRmwKeQμa¼kaL£ EdlsabsUnü
cakBYkjati kMBugedIrmk¦eT³(1) .
(1) lkçNCatk
dUecñ¼CaedIm/ kalBYkPikçúRkabTUleTotfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn án|fa RB¼eTvTtþ[RB¼savkTaMgBIrGg:Kgkñúgxag
TaMgBIrehIy eBalfa eyIgnwgsEmþgFm’edayBuT§lIla/ eFVI
Gakb,kiriyatamRB¼Gg:³ RTg´Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay min
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -328-
EmnEt}LÚvbu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,IkalmuneTvTtþen¼ k¾BüayameFVI
tamkiriyarbs´tfaKtEdr EtminGac³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´
nTIcrkakCatk(1) fa ½
En+ EkðkTwkeQμa¼vIrk£ GñkeXIjstVsøabEdleBal
BaküBIera¼ manpñÜtkdUcCapñÜtkének¶ak CaEkðkeKak
eQμa¼ svidæk£ CabIþrbs´¹Edr¦ .
Ekðksvidæk£ kareFVItamstVsøab GñkRtaceTAkñúgTwk
nigelIeKak ánbriePaKRtIRss´Canic©ena¼ RtÚv
sarayBn§BT§søab´eTAehIy .
(1) vIrkCatk
dUecñ¼CaedIm . sUm,Iéf¶déT@eTot RB¼sm μasm<úT§ k¾RTg…´
RárB§kfadUecñ¼Edr Rtas´CatkTaMgT,ayCaedImy¨agen¼fa ½
²mñales¼eQμa¼ xTirvniy£d¾ceRmInGMEbgk,alEbk
edaykarRbharEtmþg B§d¾edImeQINa edImen¼man
-329- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT
søwklðitRbkbedaybnøa etICaeQIeQ μa¼GVI³.
²xYrk,alrbsGñkFøayecjpg llad¾k,alrbs´
GñkEbkFøaypg qðwgCMnIrTaMgGs´rbs´GñkdMrIbMák
ehIypg kñúgéf¶en¼ GñkenArugerOgGVIeTot³ .
RTgRárB§kfafa ²RB¼eTvTtþCamnusßGktBaØÚ eTIbRTg
Rtas´CatkTaMgLaymanCaGaT#eTotfa ½
²kmøaMgrbs´eyIgmanehIy eyIgeFVIkic©dl´Gñktam
kmøaMgena¼ bBiRtmiKraC ¹sUmRkabfVaybg:MGñk
eyIgRtÚvánsacbnþicbnþÜcxø¼³ .
GñkcUleTAtamcenøa¼éneF μjrbs¹ EdlCaGñksuI
( sac ) nigQam eFVInUvGMeBIGaRkkTaMgLayCanic©
rs´enAedaysacNa sac´ena¼ maneRcIn³ .
RTgRárB§karBüayamedIm,Inwgsmøab´ ( RB¼Gg: ) rbs´
RB¼eTvTtþena¼eTot Rtas´CatkTaMgLaymanCaGaT#fa ½
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -330-
²mñaledImcm,kTaMgLay GñkCRmú¼Epømkedayehtu
Na ehtuena¼GjCaGñkeRbIándwgehIy GjnwgeTA
kanedImcm,kÉeTot Epørbs´GñkGjmineBjcitþeT³(1)
.
kalenARbRBwtþeTAeTotfa ²RB¼eTvTtþsabsUnüehIy
cakQan 2 Rbkar KW caklaP nigsk;ar£ 1 Rbkar cak
samBaØpl 1 Rbkar³ RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg
Lay minEmnEt}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,IkñúgkalmuneTvTtþ
(1) kurug:miKCatk (2) «PetaPdæCatk
k¾sabsUnüehIyEdr . dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´CatkTaMgLay
CaedImfa ½
²EPñkTaMgLayEbkFøayehIy sMBtátehIy kar
eQøa¼k¾mankñúgpÞ¼én®sþICasmøaj kargarTaMgLay
xUcTaMgsgxag KWkñúgTwkpg elIeKakpg³(2) .
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgRkúgraCRKw¼ RTgRárB§eTvTtþ
-331- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
Rtas´CatkCaeRcInedayRbkaryagena¼ehIy esþcyagecj
cakRkúgraCRKw¼eTAkanRkúgsavtSI RTgKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBnmha
vihar .
RB¼eTvTtþ[savknaMeTAKal´RB¼sasþa
cMENkeTvTtþmanCm¶WGs 9 Ex/ kñúgkalCacugeRkay
RáfñanwgKal´RB¼sasþa eTIbRáb´BYksavkrbs´xøÜnfa ²eyIg
RáfñanwgKal´RB¼sasþa GñkTaMgLaycUrsEmþgRB¼sasþaena¼
dl´eyIgcu¼³ kalsavkTaMgena¼eqøIyfa kñúgkalEdlelak
enACaGñkGac ánRbRBwtþCaGñkmaneBornwgRB¼sasþa/ ¹m©as´
TaMgLaynwgminnaMelakeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþaeT³ eTIbeBal
fa ²elakTaMgLaykuM[eyIgvinaseLIy eyIgáncgGaXat
kñúgRB¼sasþaehIyEmn/ bu¨Enþfa RB¼sasþamincgKMnuMcMeBa¼eyIg
sUm,IRbmaNbu¨ncugskeT³ BitNas´ RB¼manRB¼PaKena¼ ½
RTg´manRB¼T&yd¾es μIkñúgbuK:lTUeTA KWkñúgnayxμan
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -332-
FñÚ kñúgeTvTtþ kñúgecarGg:úlImal_ kñúgdMrIFnál
nigkñúgRB¼rahul .
eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbeTvTtþGgVrehIyGgVreTotfa ²sUmelak
TaMgLay cUrsEmþgRB¼manRB¼PaKdl´eyIg³ . eBlena¼ eTIb
savkTaMgena¼naMeTvTtþena¼ecjeTAedayERKtUc PikçúTaMgLay
án|dMNwgfa ²eTvTtþmk eTIbRkabTUlRB¼sasþafa bBiRt
RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn án|dMNwgfa eTvTtþmkKal´RB¼Gg:³ . RB¼
sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþena¼nwgmináneXIj
tfaKtedayGtþPaBen¼eT³ . án|fa BYkPikçúrEmgminán
eXIjRB¼BuT§eTot cab´edImBIkalEdlxøÜnsUmvtSú 5 Rbkar/
sPav£en¼rEmgCaFm μta/ BYkPikçúRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾
ceRmIn eTvTtþmkdl´TIÉeNa¼ nigTIÉeNa¼ehIy³ .
s¿ eTvTtþcUreFVIGMeBIÉNaEdlxøÜnRáfñacu¼/ ( Ety¨agNa
k¾eday ) eTvTtþk¾minGaceXIjtfaKtáneLIy .
-333- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn eTvTtþmkdl´TIRbmaN 1
eyaCn_GMBITIen¼ehIy/ ( ehIyTUlt@eTAeTotfa ) bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn enAsl´knø¼eyaCn_eTotmkdl´ehIy/ bBiRtRB¼Gg:
d¾ceRmIn enAslmYyKavuteTotmkdl´ehIy/ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾
ceRmIn mkdl´TICitRs¼eákçrNIEk,rvtþeCtBnehIy .
s¿ sUm,IeTvTtþnwgcUlmkxagkñúgvtþeCtBnk¾eday/ eK
k¾nwgmináneXIjtfaKtEdr .
RB¼eTvTtþRtÚvFrNIRsÚb
BYksavknaMRB¼eTvTtþmkehIy dakERKenAelIRs¼
eákçrNIEk,rvtþeCtBnehIy k¾cu¼eTAedIm,IgUtTwkkñúgRs¼-
eákçrNIena¼ .
sUm,IRB¼eTvTtþ k¾eRkakeLIgGMBIERKehIyGg:úydakeCIg
TaMgBIrelIEpndI eCIgTaMgBIrena¼k¾liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndI elak
liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndIehIyedaylMdab´ KWRtwmkeCIg/ RtwmCg:g/
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -334-
Rtwmceg;¼/ Rtwmeda¼/ rhUtdl´Rtwmk/ kñúgeBlEdlcg;ataMgenA
elIEpndI áneBalKafaen¼fa ½
¹RB¼Gg:sUmdl´RB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼ CabuK:ld¾RbesIr
CaeTvtaknøgbgnUveTvta CasarfI CaGñkTUnμannUv
nrCn manRB¼ckçúedayCuMvij manRB¼lkçN£
( mYy@ ) ekItedaybuNüTaMgryfaCaTIBwg eday
qðwgTaMgen¼ RBmTaMgCIvit .
án|fa ²RB¼tfaKtRTgeXIjnUvehtuen¼ eTIbGnuBaØat
[eTvTtþbYs . RbsinebI RB¼eTvTtþena¼minánbYseT/ enACa
RKhsSvijnwgeFVIkm μd¾F¶n/ nwgminGaceFVIbc©&yénPBteTAán/
lu¼bYsehIynwgeFVIkm μd¾F¶nk¾BitEmn/ bu¨Enþ GaceFVIbc©&yénPB
teTAán³ eRBa¼ehtudUecña¼ RB¼sasþak¾GnuBaØat[elakbYs .
RB¼eTvTtþekItkñúgGvIciRtÚvq;agedaylMEBgEdk
BitNas´ eTvTtþena¼ nwgánCaRB¼bec©kBuT§ nam fa
-335- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
Gdæisßr£ kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb,rab´BIPTÞkb,en¼eTA eTvTtþ
ena¼liccUleTAkñúgEpndIehIy ekItkñúgGvIcimmhanrk . ehIy
elakCaGñkkeRmIkminán RtÚvePIøgeq¼ eRBa¼CaGñkRbTUsþcMeBa¼
RB¼BuT§Gñkminjab´j&r . srIr£rbs´elakkMBs´RbmaN 100
eyaCn_ ekItkñúgGvIciEdlmanTMhMRbmaN 300 eyaCn_/ k,al
s‘kcUleTAkanEpnEdkxagelIrhUtdl´Kum<Rtecok/ eCIgTaMgBIr
liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndIEdkxageRkamrhUtdlkeCIg/ lMEBgEdkman
RbmaNbu¨nedImetñatxñatFM/ ecjGMBICBa¢aMgxageRkay cakRtg´
kNþalxñg Føú¼ecjmktamRTÚgkb´eTAnwgCBa¢aMgxagmux/ lMEBg
mYyeTotecjBICBa¢aMgxagsþaM cakTMlaynUvcMehogxagsþaM
Føú¼ecjeTAxageqVgcUleTAkanCBa¢aMgxageqVg . lMEBgmYyeTot
ecjGMBIek,ÓgxagelI cakTMlaynUvk,alecjeTAtamcMENk
xageRkam kb´cUleTAkanEpndICavikarénEdk/ eTvTtþena¼keRmIk
minán EdlePIøgeq¼kñúgGvIciena¼eday Rbkary¨agen¼ .
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -336-
PikçúTaMgLaysnÞnaKñafa ²eTvTtþmkkanTIRbmaNbu¨eNѼ
minTanánKal´RB¼sasþapg k¾liccUleTAkanEpndI³ . RB¼-
sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþRbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼
tfaKtehIy liccUleTAkanEpndIkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼k¾
eT sUm,Ikñúgkalmun elakk¾liccu¼ehIypgEdr³ edIm,InwgRTg´
sEmþgnUvPav£éneTvTtþena¼CaGñkvegVgpøÚv EdlRB¼Gg:lYm
elam[FUrcitþ ehIyelIkeLIgdakelIxñgrbs´RB¼Gg:ehIy[
dl´TIekßm ehIyRtLb´mkkatPøúkTaMgLaydl´eTA 3 dg
y¨agen¼ KWxagcug kNþal nigKl´ kñúgvar£TI 3 kalQan
knøgputckçúrbs´mhabursehIy k¾liccUleTAkñúgEpndI kñúg
kalEdlRB¼Gg:CaesþcdMrI eTIbRtas´Catk(1) en¼CaedImfa ½
RbsinebIeK[EpndITaMgmUldl´bursGktBaØÚ Ca
GñkeXIjeTasCanic© k¾minKb,IjúaMgbursGktBaØÚ
-337- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
ena¼[eRtkGráneLIy .
kalkfataMgeLIgehIydUecña¼eTot k¾RTgRtas´xnþivaTI
CatkedIm,IRTgsEmþgdl´karEdleTvTtþena¼ CaRB¼áTklaBu
RbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼RB¼Gg: EdlCaxnþivaTItabs ehIyliccUleTA
kanEpndI nigculøFm μálCatkedIm,IRTgsEmþgkarEdleTvTtþ
ena¼ CaRB¼áTmhabtab£ RbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼RB¼Gg:kalEdl
enACaFm μál ehIyliccUleTAkanEpndI lu¼eTvTtþliccUl
(1) sIlvnaKCatk
eTAkanEpndIehIy/ mhaCnk¾rIkrayeRtkGr júaMgKñanigKña[
elIkeLIgnUvTgC&y nigTgbdaRBmTaMgedImeckTaMgLaytm;l´
qñaMgTwkEdleBjehIy elgnUvmehaRsBd¾FM edayRárB§fa
²CalaPrbs´BYkeyIgehIyhñ+³ . BYkPikçúRkabTUlesckIþena¼
dl´RB¼manRB¼PaK RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg
Lay kaleTvTtþsøab´ehIy mhaCnrIkrayeRtkGrminEmn
Etkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,Ikñúgkalmun k¾rIkrayeRtkGr
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -338-
ehIyEdr³ . edIm,InwgRTgsEmþgkarEdlmhaCnCaGñkeRtkGr
kñúgkalEdlRB¼raCaRB¼namfa big:l£ kñúgnKrBaraNsId¾
kacGaRkk minCaTIRsLajénCnTUeTAesayTivg:tehIy eTIb
Rtas´big:lCatken¼CaedImfa ½
²CnTaMgGs´ RtÚvesþcbig:l£ebotebonehIy kal
esþcena¼esayTivg:tehIy CnTaMgLay rEmgán
nUvesckIþeRtkGr mñalTVarál esþcGkNHenRt
CaTIRsLajrbs´Gñk¦ eRBa¼ehtuGVIánCaGñkyM .
TVarálburseBalfa ½
²RB¼raCa manRB¼enRtminexμA minEmnCaTIRsLaj
rbs´¹eT ¹xøacesþcena¼RtLb´mkvij ( eRBa¼esþc
ena¼ ) eTAGMBImnusßelaken¼ Kb,IebotebonnUvmc©ú-
raC mc©úraCena¼ ERkgRtÚvesþcbig:l£ebotebon
ehIy Kb,InaMmkTukkñúgmnusßelaken¼vij .
GñkeFVIábrEmgekþARkhaykñúgelakTaMgBIr
PikçúTaMgLay TUlsYrRB¼sasþafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn
}LÚven¼ eTvTtþekItenAkñúgTINa ?³ RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa
²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþekItkñúgGvIcimhanrk³ PikçúTaMgena¼
RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼eTvTtþekþARkhaykñúg
elaken¼ehIy eTAekItkñúgTIekþARkhaydEdleTot¦ ?
RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼
ehIy k¾CnTaMgLay eTa¼bICabBVCitkIþ CaRKhsSkIþ manRbRktI
rs´enAedayesckIþRbmaT rEmgekþARkhaykñúgelakTaMgBIrBit
Rákd³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
12 }F tb,ti ebc© tb,ti ábkarI «PytS tb,ti
ábM em ktnþi tb,ti Pieyüa tb,ti TuK:tw teta .
buK:lGñkeFVIGMeBIáb EtgekþARkhay kñúgelak
TaMgBIr KWekþARkhaykñúgelaken¼ 1 ekþARkhay
kñúgelakxagmux 1 buK:lena¼ rEmgekþARkhay
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -340-
edayKiteXIjfa ábGjáneFVIehIy lu¼mrN-
kaleTAkan´TuK:ti k¾rwgrwtEtekþARkhayd¾éRkElg .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ BIrbTfa }F tb,ti esckþIfa rEmg
ekþARkhaykñúgelaken¼ edayehtuRtwmEteTamnsß edaykar
ekþARkhayeRBa¼km μ .
bTfa ebc© esckIþfa kñúgelakxagmux rEmgekþARkhay
eRBa¼Tukçd¾y¨agéRkElg edaykarekþARkhayeRBa¼viák .
bTfa ábkarI esckþIfa GñkeFVIábmanRbkarepßg@ .
bTfa «PytS esckþIfa eQμa¼fa rEmgekþARkhaykñúg
elakTaMgBIr edaykarekþARkhaymanRbkardUceBalmkehIy
en¼ .
BIrbTfa ábM em esckþIfa k¾GñkmanRbRktIeFVIábena¼
kalekþARkhay edaykarekþARkhayeRBa¼km μ eQμa¼fa rEmg
-341- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ
ekþARkhay edayKitfa ²km μGaRkkeyIgeFVIehIy³ esckþIekþA
Rkhayena¼manRbmaNtictYceT/ bu¨EnþkalrekþARkhayeRBa¼
viák eTAkan´TuK:tiehIy rEmgekþARkhayyagéRkElg KWrEmg
ekþARkhayd¾elIslb edaykarekþARkhayd¾GaRkkéRkElg .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcIn ánCaRB¼GriybuK:l man
RB¼esatbnñCaedIm eTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_dl´mha
Cn edayRbkardUecñ¼ >�
( erORB¼eTvTtþ cb´ )
r o s
13 erOgnagsumnaeTvI
esckþIxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTg´RárB§nag
sumnaeTvI Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F nnÞti ebc© nnÞti³
CaedIm .
GbrMkUnecA[TTYlnaTIrbsxøÜn
esckþIBisþarfa Pikçú 2 Ban´Gg: rEmgqankñúgpÞ¼rbs´
GnafbiNÐikesdæIkñúgRkúgsavtSIral´@éf¶/ kñúgpÞ¼rbs´nagvisaxa
mha«ásikak¾dUecña¼Edr . k¾buK:lNa@ kñúgRkúgsavtSIRáfña
[nUvTan/ buK:lena¼@ lu¼RtaEtán{kasGMBIelakTaMg 2 ena¼
sinehIy eTIbeFVIán .
sYrfa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI³ ?
eqøIyfa ²eRBa¼GñkdéT@ sYrfa ²GnafbiNÐikesdæI ¦nag
visaxamkkaneragTanrbselakehIy¦³ kalm©as´TaneqøIy
-343- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI
fa ²minánmkeT³ rEmgti¼edolsUm,InUvTanEdleKl¼bgRTBü
TaMgEsnehIyeFVIfa ²Tanhñwg eQμa¼faCaTanGVI³ ? eRBa¼elak
TaMg 2 ena¼ rEmgdwgnUvkareBjcitþrbs´Pikçú nigkic©d¾smKYrdl´
PikçúsgÇ kalelakTaMgBIrena¼enA BYkPikçúrEmgqannUvvtSúd¾sm-
KYrdl´citþBit .
eRBa¼ehtuena¼ buK:lTaMgLayNa EdlCaGñkRáfña
edIm,IfVayTan k¾GeBa¢IjelakTaMg 2 ena¼eTA elakTaMg 2 ena¼
rEmgminánedIm,IGg:asPikçúTaMgLaykñúgpÞ¼rbsxøÜn@ eRBa¼ehtu
dUecña¼ nagvisaxakalBicarNaemIlfa ²nrNahñ+ nwgtaMgenA
kñúgtMENgrbs´eyIgedIm,InwgGg:asPikçúsgdz ? eXIjFItarbs´
buRtehIy k¾taMgTukkñúgtMENgrbs´xøÜn . FItaena¼EtgEtGg:as
PikçúsgÇkñúgpÞ¼rbs´nagvisaxaena¼ .
sUm,IGnafbiNÐikesdæI k¾taMgTuknUvFItac,g eQμa¼mha
suPTÞa/ k¾nagmhasuPTÞaena¼ eFVIkarxVl´xVaybeRmIPikçúTaMgLay
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -344-
( nig ) sþab´Fm’ánCaesatabnñehIy áneTAkanRtkUlrbs´
sVamI .
kñúgeBlena¼ GnafbiNÐikesdæI k¾taMgnagculøsuPTÞa
( CMnYs ) sUm,InagculøsuPTÞaena¼k¾eFVIdUecña¼Edr CaRB¼esatabnñ
ehIyk¾eTAkanRtkUlénsVamI . lMdab´ena¼ GnafbiNÐikesdæI
k¾taMgFItatUcbMput eQμa¼nagsumnaeTvI ( CMnYs ) .
nagsumanaQWehAbitafabðÚnRbús
k¾nagsumnaeTvIena¼ sþab´Fm’ehIy ánseRmcskTa-
Kamipl enACakumarikarsab´rsl´edayeraKmüag katbgnUv
Gahar manesckþIRáfñanwgeXIjbita k¾[eKGeBa¢Ijbitamk
GnafbiNÐikesdæI lu¼án|BakübNþaMrbs´FItakñúgeragTan
mYy k¾mkrkehIyniyayfa ²En nagsumna mankarGVI³ ? FIta
ena¼eBaleTAkanbitafa ²En bðÚnRbús³ K μankarGVIeT .
b¿ En nag nagrevIrvay¦ ?
-345- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI
F¿ mñalbðÚnRbús ¹minrevIrvayeT .
b¿ mñalnag nagP&y¦ ?
F¿ mñalbðÚnRbús ¹minP&yeT .
RKanEtnag sumnaeTvI eBalánRtwmEtb¨ueNѼk¾áneFVI
kalkiriyaeTA .
elakesdæICabitayMeTATUlRB¼sasþa
GnafbiNÐikesdæI sUm,ICaesatabnñ k¾minGacGtsg;t´
nUvesckþIesakEdlekIteLIgehIykñúgFItaán bBa¢a[eKbUCa
srIrsaksBrbsFItaehIy yMeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa kal
RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´sYrfa ²mñalKhbtI eRBa¼ehtudUcemþc eTIb
GñkmanTukç xUccitþ manmuxTTwkeCakedayTwkEPñk TYjyMmk
kansmñaktfaKt k¾RkabTUlfa ¡²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn nag
sumnaeTvICaFItarbs´¹RB¼Gg: eFVImrNkalehIy .
s¿ kalebIdUecña¼ ehtuGVI eTIbGñkesak/ esckþIsøab´
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -346-
rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedaycMENkmYydl´sBVstVminEmn¦ ?
G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:dwgnUvehtuena¼ehIy
k¾b¨uEnþ FItarbs´¹RB¼Gg:dl´RBmehIyedayhri nig{tþb,Ebb
en¼/ kñúgeBlCitsøab´nagminGacrkßaTuknUvstián søab´eTA
edaykarrevIrvay eRBa¼ehtuena¼eTamnsß manRbmaNmin
ticekIteLIgdl´¹RB¼Gg: .
s¿ mñalmhaesdæI k¾nagniyayBaküGVI ?
G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:ehAnagfa En nag
sumna manbBaHaGVI ? lMdab´ena¼ nagk¾eBalnwg¹RB¼Gg:fa
GVI ? bðÚnRbús/ eBlena¼ kal¹RB¼Gg:eBalfa En+ nag nag
revIrvay¦ ? nagk¾eqIøIyfa En+ bðÚnRbús ¹minrevIrvayeT/ kal
¹RB¼Gg:sYrfa En+ nag nagP&yxøac¦ ? nageqøIyfa En+ bðÚn
Rbús ¹minP&yxøaceT RKan´EteBalánRbmaNb¨ueNѼ k¾eFVI
kalkiriyaeTA .
-347- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI
RKaena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaKRtasnwgesdæIena¼fa ²mñalesdæI
FItarbs´GñkminrevIrvayeT .
GnafbiNÐikesdæIRkabTUlsYrfa kalebIdUecña¼ eRBa¼
ehtuGVI eTIbnagniyayy¨agena¼ ?
RB¼sasþaRtas´fa eRBa¼GñkbðÚnnagBit @ ( eTIbnag
niyayy¨agena¼eTAkanGñk ) mñalKhbtI k¾FItarbs´GñkCaFM
CagGñkedaymK: nigpl . eRBa¼GñkRtwmEtCaesatabnñ/
cMENkFItarbs´GñkCaskTaKamI/ eRBa¼nagCaFMedaymK: nig
pl/ eTIbnageBalyagena¼eTAkanGñk .
G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agnu+¼BitEmn¦ ?
s¿ mñalKhbtI y¨aghñwgÉg .
G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn }LÚven¼ nagekItenATINa ?
kalRB¼sasþa Rtas´fa ²mñalKhbtI kñúgPBtusit
GnafbiNÐikesdæIk¾RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn FItarbs´
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -348-
¹RB¼Gg: ánnUvkarrIkray kñúgkNþalBYkjati kñúgelaken¼
sUm,IeTAGMBIelaken¼ k¾ekItkñúgTICaTIrIkrayeTot¦³ ?
GñkeFVIbuNürEmgrIkraykñúgelakTaMgBIr
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´nwgesdæIena¼fa ²mñalKhbtI
y¨agena¼Ég³ Fm μtaGñkminRbmaT eTa¼bICaRKhsSkþI CabBVCit
kþI rEmgrIkraykñúgelaken¼pg kñúgelakxagmuxpgedayBit .
dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½
1 }F nnÞti ebc© nnÞti ktbueBaØa «PytS nnÞti
buBaØM em ktnþi nnÞti Pieyüa nnÞti suKtw Keta .
buK :lGñkeFVIbuNü rEmgeRtkGr kñúgelakTaMgBIr
KWeRtkGrkñúgelaken¼ 1 eRtkGrkñúgelakxagmux
1 buK :lena¼rEmgeRtkGredayeXIjfa buNü
GjáneFVIehIy lu¼eFVImrNkaleTAkansuKti
k¾rwgrwtEteRtkGrd¾éRkElg .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa }F esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúg
elaken¼ edaykarrIkrayeRBa¼km μ .
bTfa ebc© esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúgelakxagmux eday
karrIkrayeRBa¼viák .
bTfa ktbueBaØa KW GñkeFVIbuNümanRbkarepßg@ .
bTfa «PytS esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúgelaken¼ eday
Kitfa ²kusleyIgáneFVITukehIy/ ábeyIgmináneFVI³ kal
esayviák eQμa¼fa rEmgrIkraykñúgelakxagmux .
BIrbTfa buBaØM em esckþIfa k¾kalrIkraykñúgelaken¼
eQ μa¼fa rEmgrIkrayGaRs&ykarrIkrayeRBa¼kmμ eRBa¼ehtu
RtwmEtesamnsßb¨ueNÑa¼fa ²eyIgeFVIbuNüTukehIy³ .
bTfa Pieyüa CaedIm esckþIfa k¾eKeTAkansuKti
ehIy kalesayTiBVsm,tþirhUtGs 57 ekadiqñaMxø¼ 60 Esn
qñaMxø¼ rEmgrIkrayyagéRkElgkñúgtusitburI edaykarrIkray
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -350-
eRBa¼viák .
kñúgkalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcIn ánCaGriybuK :l man
esatabnñ CaedIm . RB¼Fm μeTsna ánCaRbeyaCn_dl´mha
CndUecñ¼Ég >�
( erOgsumnaeTvI cb´ )
r o s
14 erOgPikçúCasmøaj´nwgKñaBIrrUb
esckþIxagedIm
RB¼sasþa kalRB¼Gg:RTgKgenAvtþeCtBn RTgRá-
rB§nUvPikçúEdlCasmøajnwgKñaBIrrUb Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa
²Bhum,i ec shitM Pasmaena³ dUecñ¼ CaedIm .
smøaj´BIrnakecjbYs
esckIþBisþarfa kulbuRtBIrnak/ GñkRkúgsavtSICasmøaj
nwgKña eTAkan´viharsþab´RB¼Fm’eTsnarbs´RB¼sasþaehIy l¼
bgkamTaMgLay fVayCIvitcMeBa¼RB¼sasnarbs´RB¼sasþa
bYsehIyenAkñúgsmñakGacarü nigRB¼«bCÄay_Gs´ 5 vsßa
ehIycUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa TUlsYrdl´Fur£kñúgRB¼sasna
ánsþab´vibsßnaFur£ nigKnSFur£edayBisþarehIy mYyGg:Rkab
TUlmunfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:bYskñúgkalEdl
xøÜnCamnusßcas´ minGacnwgbMeBjKnSFur£án/ EteNHIycu¼ ¹
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -352-
RB¼Gg:nwgbMeBjvibsßnaFur£[eBj³ dUecñ¼ehIy júaMgRB¼sasþa
[Rtas´Ráb´vibsßnarhUtdl´RB¼Grhtþ/ BüayambMeBj
vibsßnak¾ánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ RBmTaMgbdismÖiTaTaMgLay .
cMENkPikçúeRkAen¼ Kitfa ²eyIgnwgbMeBjKnSFur£³ dUecñ¼
ehIy eronRB¼BuT§vcn£ KWRB¼éRtbidkedaylMdab´ sEmþgFm’
sURtsrPBaØkñúgTIEdlxøÜneTAehIy@ . beRgónFm’dl´Pikçú 500
rUb ánCaGacarüénKN£FM@ 18 KN£ .
PikçúTaMgLay eronkmμdæankñúgsmñakrbsRB¼sasþaehIy
eTAkanlMenArbs´RB¼efr£eRkAen¼ ( PikçúbMeBjvibsßna ) taMgenA
kñúg{vaTrbs´elakk¾ánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ ehIyfVaybg:MRB¼
efr£Ráb´fa ²¹RB¼kruNaTaMgLayRáfñanwgKal´RB¼sasþa³ .
RB¼efr£eBalfa ²mñalGavuesaTaMgLayeTAcu¼/ elakTaMg
LaycUrfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa fVaybg:MRB¼mhaefr£TaMg 80 Gg:
tamBakürbs´¹kruNa/ cUrRáb´RB¼efr£EdlCasmøajrbs´¹
-353- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb
pgfa ²GacarürbseyIg¹TaMgLaysUmfVaybg:Melak³ dUecñ¼
ehIybBa¢ÚneTA . PikçúTaMgena¼eTAkanvihar fVaybg:MRB¼sasþa
nigRB¼mhaefr£TaMg 80 Gg:ehIy eTAkansmñakRB¼KnSiketSr
Ráb´fa ²bBiRtelakm©as´ Gacarürbs´eyIg¹TaMgLaysUm
fVaybg:Melakm©as´³ k¾kalRB¼KnSiketSrsYrfa ²Gacarürbs´BYk
Gñkena¼CanrNa³ PikçúTaMgena¼Rábfa ²Casmøajrbs´elak
m©as´³ .
kalRB¼efr£ ( vibsßkPikçú ) bBa¢ÚnbNþaMeTAsYrsuxTukç
y¨agen¼erOy@/ RB¼KnSikPikçúGtsg;tGs´kalbnþicbnþÜc xag
eRkaymkminGacnwgGtsg;tán/ kalBYkGaKnþúk£Ráb´fa
²Gacarürbs´BYkeyIg¹sUmfVaybg:Melakm©as´³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾
eBalfa ²GacarürbsBYkelakCanrNa³ kalPikçúTaMgLay
Ráb´fa ²Casmøajrbs´elakm©as´³ eTIbeBalfa ²k¾GVIxø¼eTA
EdlBYkelakeronkñúgsmñakrbs´Pikçúena¼ bNþanikay man
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -354-
TIXnikayCaedIm nikayNamYy¦ ¦bNþabidk 3 bidkNa
mYy¦ EdlBYkGñkánehIy ? dUecñ¼ehIy Kitfa smøajrbs´
eyIg rEmgmindwgKafasUm,IRbkbedaybT 4/ kanyksMBtcUl
éRB bYskñúgkalEdlxøÜnCamnusßcas´ ánGenþvasikeRcIn
dl´em¨ø¼/ kñúgkalEdlelakmkeyIgKYrsYrbBaHasakemIl_ .
RB¼efr£TaMgBIrCYbKña
kñúgsm&yéf¶mYy RB¼efr£ ( vibsßk£ ) ánmkKal´RB¼-
sasþa TukdakáRtcIvrkñúgsmñakRB¼efr£EdlCasMLajehIy
eTAfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa nigRB¼GsItimhaefr£ rYck¾RtLb´mk
smñakRB¼efr£EdlCasMLajvij . xN£ena¼ RB¼KnSiketSr[
PikçúTaMgLayeFVIvtþdl´RB¼vibsßk£ehIy kanykGasn£es μI
KñaGg:úy edaytaMgcitþfa ²nwgsYrbBaHa³ .
RB¼sasþasYrbBaHaRB¼efr£TaMgBIrrUb
xN£ena¼ RB¼sasþaRTgRCabfa ²KnSikPikçúen¼ebotebon
-355- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb
nUvbuRtrbs´tfaKt EdlCaGñkmansPaBEbben¼ehIy ekIt
kñúgnrk³ edayRTgGnueRKa¼cMeBa¼RB¼KnSkPikçú eFVIhakdUcCa
esþcyageTAkanvihar yageTAdllMenAénRB¼efr£TaMg 2 Kg
ehIy RTgKgelIBuT§asn£EdlRB¼efr£RkalTuk BitNas´ Pikçú
TaMgLaykalnwgKgkñúgTIena¼ @ RkalGasn£sRmab´RB¼BuT§
eRscehIyeTIbGg:úy . eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbRB¼sasþaKgelI
Gasn£EdlRB¼KnSkPikçúena¼RkalTuk edayRbRktIena¼Ég .
lu¼RTgKgehIy k¾Rtas´sYrbBaHakñúgbzmCÄan cMeBa¼KnSkPikçú
kalelakeqøIyminán/ k¾Rtas´sYrbBaHakñúgrUbsmabtþi nigGrUb
smabtþiTaMg 8 taMgBITutiyCÄanCaedImeTA RB¼KnSiketSrk¾minGac
eqøIyánsUm,ImYybBaHa . RB¼vibsßkPikçú eqøIybBaHaena¼án
TaMgGs´ .
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrbBaHakñúgesatabtþimK:cMeBa¼
RB¼KnSiketSr . RB¼KnSikPikçúk¾minGaceqøIyán . eBlena¼ k¾
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -356-
RTgRtassYrbBaHacMeBa¼RB¼xINasvetSr . RB¼efr£k¾eqøIyán .
RB¼vibsßkPikçúánTTYlsaFuka
RB¼sasþa RTgGnuemaTnafa ²saFu saFu³ ehIyRtas´
sYrbBaHasUm,IkñúgmK:d¾essTaMgLayedaylMdab´ . RB¼KnSi-
ketSrk¾minGaceqøIyánsUm,IRtwmEtmYybBaHa . cMENkRB¼
xINasv£eqøIybBaHaEdlRB¼sasþaRTgRtas´sYrehIy@ án .
RB¼sasþa ánRbTansaFukadl´RB¼xINaRsBena¼ kñúgzan£
TaMg 4 . eTvtaTaMgGs´taMgGMBIPum μeTvta drabdl´RBhμelak
nignaK RKúDánsþab´saFukaena¼ehIy k¾án[saFukarEdr
BYkGenþvasik nigsT§iviharikrbs´KnSikPikçú ánsþab´saFuka
ena¼ehIy k¾elIkeTascMeBa¼RB¼sasþafa ²RB¼sasþaRTgeFVIkm μ
GVIhñwg³ ? RB¼Gg:ánRbTansaFukardl´RB¼mhløketSr ( RB¼-
efr£kBa©as´ ) GñkmindwgnUvGVI@ kñúgzan£TaMg 4/ cMENkelak
Gacarürbs´eyIg GñkRTRTgRB¼briytþiFm’TukánTaMgGs´ Ca
-357- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb
RbFanPikçúRbmaN 500 Gg: RB¼Gg:minánRTgeFVIsUm,IRtwmEt
karsresIr³ .
niyayeRcInEtminbdibtþik¾}tRbeyaCn_
RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa Rtas´sYrPikçúTaMgena¼fa ²mñalPikçú
TaMgLay GñkTaMgLayeBalnUvBaküGVIhñwg³ ? kalPikçúTaMgena¼
RkabTUlesckþIena¼ehIy RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay
Gacarü rbs´BYkGñkTaMgLay dUcGñkrkßaeKaTaMgLayedIm,Iéfø
QñÜlkñúgsasnarbs´tfaKt/ cMENkbuRtrbs´tfaKt dUc
CnCam©as´GñkbriePaKnUvbBa©eKarstamesckþIKab´citþ³ dUecñ¼
ehIy ánPasitRB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½
14 Bhum,i ec shitM Pasmaena
n tk;era ehati nera bmetþa
eKaeáv Kaeva KNyM bersM
n PaKva samBaØsß ehati .
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -358-
Gb,m,i ec shitM Pasmaena
Fmμsß ehati GnuFmμcarI
raKBa© eTasBa© bhay emahM
smμb,Caena suvimutþcietþa
GnuáTiyaena }F va hurM va
s PaKva samBaØsß ehati .
ebInrCneBalBaküRbkbedayRbeyaCn_sUm,IeRcIn
EtCaGñkRbmaTmineFVItamBaküena¼ rEmgCaGñkmin
mancMENksamBaØpleLIy dUcGñkrkßaeKa kal
rab´eKaRbKl[GñkdéTehIy ( CaGñkminánbriePaK
nUvbBa©eKars ) dUecña¼Ég . ebInrCneBalBakü
RbkbedayRbeyaCn_ sUm,IbnþicbnþÜc EtCaGñkRb-
RBwtþnUvFm’smKYrdl´Fm’ ánl¼bgraK£ eTas£
nigemah£ CaGñkdwgnUvFm’ EdlKYrkMNttamehtu
-359- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb
mancitþdkputGMBIesckþIesAhμg minmanesckþI
Rbkan´maM kñúgelaken¼ nigelakxagmux nrCnena¼
rEmgCaGñkáncMENksamBaØpl .
GFib,ayKafa
bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa shitM en¼CaeQμa¼énRB¼BuT§-
vcn£ KWRB¼éRtbidk/ nrCncUleTArkGacarüTaMgLay eronyk
nUvRB¼BuT§vcn£ena¼ehIy eBal KWRáb´ ándl´karsEmþgnUv
RB¼BuT§vcn£sUm,IeRcIndl´CnBYkdéT ( Et ) minCaGñkeFVIkic©Edl
karkbuK:lsþab´Fm’ena¼ehIynwgKb,IeFVIeT/ KWminjúaMgkareFVITuk
kñúgcitþedayRbéB[RbRBwtþeTA edayGMNacénéRtlkçN_ man
Gnic©lkçN£CaedIm sUm,IGs´kalRtwmEtkiriyaTT¼søabén
man/ nrCnena¼rEmgCaGñkmancMENkénpl RtwmEtkareFVIvtþ
bdivtþn_GMBIsmñakénGenþvasikTaMgLayEtb¨ueNÑa¼ b¨uEnþminCa
GñkmancMENkénsamBaØpleLIy dUcbuK:lGñkrkßaeKaTaMg-
FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFmμbT -360-
LayedIm,IéføQñÜlRbcaMéf¶ TTYlykeKaGMBIRBlwm evla
resolrab´eKaRbKl´[dl´m©as´eKaTaMgLayehIy TTYlyk
EtéføQñÜlRbcaMéf¶bu¨eNÑa¼/ bu¨EnþminánedIm,IbriePaKnUvbBa©eKa-
rstamesckIþKab´citþeLIy dUecñ¼Ég .
dUcy¨agfa CnCam©as´eKamYyBYk rEmgbriePaKnUvbBa©-
eKarsTaMgLayEdlnayeKaálRbKl´[ehIy y¨agNa
mij/ karkbuK:lTaMgLaysþab´Fm’EdlnrCnena¼sEmþgehIy
bdibtþitamEdlnrCnena¼eRbónRbedAehIy k¾dUecña¼Edr/ BYkxø¼
ánseRmcbzmCÄanCaedIm/ BYkxø¼ceRmInvibsßnaehIy án
seRmcmK: nigpl/ catfaCaGñkmancMENkénsamBaØpl dUc
CnCam©as´eKarEmgCaGñkmancMENkéneKarsdUecña¼/ RB¼sasþa
Rtas´KafaTI 1 edayGMNacénPikçúGñksMbUN’edaysIl Gñk
mansutþ£eRcIn ( Et ) manRbRktIenAedayesckIþRbmaT minman
eyaniesamnsikar KWkareFVITukkñúgcitþeday«áyd¾RbéB eday
-361- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb
GMNacénéRtlkçN_ manGnic©lkçN£CaedIm . minánRtas´
edayGMNacénPikçúGñkRTÚsþsIleT .
cMENkKafaTI 2 RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´sEmþgedayGMNac
énkarkbuK:lGñkmansutþ£tic ( Et ) eFVInUvkm μedayeyaniesa-
mnsikar .
kñúgbTTaMgena¼ bTfa Gb,m,i ec esckþIfa tictYc
KWsUm,I RtwmEt 1 vK: ¦ 2 vK: .
áTRB¼Kafafa Fmμsß ehati GnuFmμcarI CaedIm
esckþIfa nrCndwgGtSdwgFm’ehIy RbRBwtþFm’d¾smKYrdl´
elakutþrFm’ 9 KWRbePTénFm’ manbrisuT§isIl 4 Futg:KuN nig
GsuPkm μdæanCaedIm EdlbNÐitrab´fa bdibTaCacMENkxag
edIm rEmgeQμa¼fa CaGñkmanRbRktIRbRBwtþnUvFm’d¾smKYr KW
RáfñakarcakFøú¼fa ²eyIgnwgcakFøú¼kñúgéf¶en¼ eyIgnwgcakFøú¼
kñúgéf¶en¼³ eQμa¼fa rEmgRbRBwtþFm’smKYrdl´Fm’ . nrCnena¼
Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -362-
rEmgl¼bgraK£ eTas£ nigemah£edaybdibTad¾RbéBen¼ehIy
kMNtdwgFm’EdlKYrkMNtdwgedayRbéB KWedayehtu eday
n&y mancitþrYcputRsL¼ehIyedayGMNacéntTg:vimutþi vikçmÖn-
vimutþi smuecäTvimutþi bdibsßT§ivimutþi nignisßrNvimutþi . Gs´
karRbkanmaMkñúgelaken¼ nigelakdéT KWmincUleTARbkanxn§
Gaytn£ nigFatuTaMgLay Edlrab´faelaken¼ nigelakdéT
¦EdlCaxagkñúg nigxageRkAeday«áTan 4 eQ μa¼fa Camha
xINaRsB rEmgCaGñkmancMENkénsamBaØpl Edlmk
ehIy edayGMNacénsamBaØKuN eBalKWmK: nigCakgén
GsikFm’ 5(1) .
RB¼sasþaRTgrYbrYmkMBUlénFm μeTsna edayRB¼Grhtþ
dUc emCagkan´ykkMBUlénpÞ¼ edaykMBUlEkvdUecña¼ .
(1) sIlkçn§ KuNKWsIl 1 smaFikçn§ KuNKWsmaFi 1 bBaØakçn§ KuNKWbBaØa 1
vimutþikçn§ KuNKWvimutþi 1 vimutþijaNTsßnkçn§ KuNKWvimutþijaNTsßn£ 1 .
ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúCasmøaj´BIrrUb -363-
kñúgkalcb´Kafa mnusßCaeRcInánCaGriybuK:l man
esatabnñCaedIm . eTsnamanRbeyaCn_dl´mhaCndUecñ¼Ég .
( erOgPikçúCasMLaj´ 2 rUb cb´ )
; } ; } ;
ymkvK:vNÑna nidæitM
ymkvK:TI 2 cb
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