Diego Duarte Alcoba, Ph.D. - JotaTec and stroke... · Documento classificado como "1-Público" /...
Transcript of Diego Duarte Alcoba, Ph.D. - JotaTec and stroke... · Documento classificado como "1-Público" /...
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Diego Duarte Alcoba, Ph.D.
Consultor Científico, Daiichi-Sankyo
Porto Alegre, 16 de novembro de 2016
IntroductionSubclinical AF
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� ¼ of ischemic strokes are of unknown cause
(undiagnosed AF may be a potential etiologic factor);
� While AF typically presents with palpitations,
dyspnea, chest pain, and fatigue, it may also be
asymptomatic
� Asymptomatic episodes of AF
- AHREs: atrial high-rate episodes (> 5 / 6 min.)
Such patients are at elevated risk of
stroke and may have unmet anticoagulation needs!
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionCurrent strategies for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation
� The effectiveness and safety of NOACs in patients with AHRE/subclinical
AF (SCAF) but without ECG documented AF is unknown.
� If it were demonstrated that NOACs provide a clinical benefit in such
patients, potential stroke prevention could be improved, given that these
patients represent a high percentage of patients with cardiac rhythm
management devices.
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionIncidence of atrial high-rate events
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
The annualized TE risk (including TIA) was 1.1% for zero, 1.1% for low, and
2.4% for high AT burden.
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
Subclinical AF was…
detected in 10.1% patients within 3 months of device implantation.
associated with an increased risk of clinical AF and of ischemic
stroke or SE.
The presence of SCAF was predictive of stroke or SE even after adjustment
for predictors of stroke.
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
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IntroductionAtrial high-rate episode and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
Other studies have also added to the body of evidence for the association between AHREs and stroke.
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IntroductionImplications of study findings on atrial high-rate episodes and stroke risk
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
� It is possible than rather than causing embolic events, AHRE are simply a
marker for cardio-embolic risk;
� The occurrence of AHRE may trigger chronic changes in the atria that result
in thrombus formation after the occurrence of SCAF.
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IntroductionImplications for clinical practice
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016
� Study findings have indicated that patients experiencing AHRE are at elevated
risk for stroke, TIA, and SE and raise the question…
…should these patients receive oral anticoagulation therapy for stroke
prevention?
While the data from MOST, TRENDS, and ASSERT support a link
between pacemaker-AHRE and the occurrence of stroke or SE,
these studies are limited by their small sample size and limited
number of clinical events.
NNNNon-vitamin K antagonist OOOOral anticoagulants
in patients with AAAAtrial HHHHigh rate
episodes (NOAH – edoxabana fase IIIb)
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AAS 100mg ou placebo (escolha do ivnestigador)
EDOXABANA 60/30mg(30 mgse CrCl 30-50mL/min, peso <60kg, uso
de inibidor da PgP
PATIENTES• idade ≥ 65ª
• Episódio de ritmo atrial elevado (≥180 bpm e ≥6 min de
duração) detectado por marcapasso/CDI
• CHA2DS2VASc ≥ 2
• EXCLUSÃO: História de FA/flutter atrial
N=3400
Conclusão Set/2019
RANDOMIZAÇÃORandomização 1:1
Desfecho Primário de Eficácia: Tempo até 1o AVC / embolia sistêmica / morte CV
Desfechos Secundários: Mortalidade total / sangramento maior / Qualidade de
vida / Função cognitive / custo-efetividade
� Randomizado
� Prospective
� Duplo-cego
ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02618577
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Summary & Concluding remarks
Camm J et al., European Society of Cardiology. 2016