Diagrama Del Sistema Electrico de Carga Grand Cherokee Laredo 95
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Transcript of Diagrama Del Sistema Electrico de Carga Grand Cherokee Laredo 95
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CLUTCHELECTRICAL
GROUP INDEX
group group
AUDIO SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8FBATTERY/STARTER/GENERATOR SERVICE . . . . 8BBATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S
DIAGNOSTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8ACHIME/BUZZER WARNING SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . 8UHORNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8GIGNITION SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8DINSTRUMENT PANEL AND GAUGES . . . . . . . . . 8ELAMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8LOVERHEAD CONSOLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8CPOWER LOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8P
POWER M IRRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8TPOWER SEATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8RPOWER WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8SREAR WINDOW DEFOGGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8NRESTRAINT SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8MTURN SIGNAL AND HAZARD WARNING
SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8JVEHICLE SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . 8HVEHICLE THEFT ALARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8QWIPER AND WASHER SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . 8KWIRING DIAGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8W
BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEMS DIAGNOSTICS
CONTENTS
page page
BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3CHARGING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17IGNITION-OFF DRAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22STARTING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11USING ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM . . . . 21
GENERAL INFORMATIONThe battery, start ing, and charging systems operate
with one another; therefore, they must be tested as a
complete system. In order for the vehicle to start and
ch a r g e p r op er ly, a l l of t h e com p on e n t s in volved in
these systems must perform within specifications.
G r ou p 8A cov er s b a t t er y, s t a r t in g (F ig . 1) a n d
charging (Fig. 2) system diagnostic procedures. These
procedures include the most basic conventional diag-
nostic methods, to On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) built
into the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). Use of an
induction milliam p am meter, volt/ohmmeter, bat tery
ch a r g e r, ca r bon p ile r h e ost a t (loa d t e st er ), a n d 12-
volt t e st la m p w il l be r e q u ir ed .
ZJ ELECTRICAL 8A - 1
http://95zj_8b.pdf/http://95zj_8u.pdf/http://95zj_8g.pdf/http://95zj_8d.pdf/http://95zj_8e.pdf/http://95zj_8l.pdf/http://95zj_8c.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8r.pdf/http://95zj_8s.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8m.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8h.pdf/http://95zj_8q.pdf/http://95zj_8k.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8k.pdf/http://95zj_8q.pdf/http://95zj_8h.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8m.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8s.pdf/http://95zj_8r.pdf/http://95zj_8t.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8c.pdf/http://95zj_8l.pdf/http://95zj_8e.pdf/http://95zj_8d.pdf/http://95zj_8g.pdf/http://95zj_8u.pdf/http://95zj_8b.pdf/http://95zj_8f.pdf/ -
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BATTERY
GENERAL INFORMATIONTh e st or a g e ba t t e r y is a d e vice u se d t o st or e e lec-
t r ica l e n e r g y p o t e n t ia l in a ch e m ica l f o r m . W h e n a n
e le ct r ica l loa d is a p plied t o t h e ba t t e r y t e r m in a ls , a n
e le ct r o ch e m ica l r e a ct ion occur s w it h in t h e ba t t e r y.
This reaction causes the battery to discharge electri-
cal current.
T h e b a t t e r y i s m a d e u p o f 6 i n d i v i d u a l c e l l s t h a t
are connected in series. Each cell contains posit ively
ch a r g e d p la t e g r o u p s m a d e o f le a d o x id e , a n d n e g a -
t i ve ly ch a r g ed p la t e g r ou ps m a d e of s pon g e l ea d .
Th es e d is s im i la r m et a l p la t e s a r e s u bm er g ed i n a
sulfuric acid and water solution called electrolyte.
As t h e b a t t er y d is ch a r ges , a g r a du a l ch em ica l
change t akes place within each cell. The sulfuric acid
in t h e e le ct r o ly t e com bin es w it h t h e p la t e m a t e r ia ls ,
ca u sin g bo t h p la t e s t o ch a n g e t o le a d su lf a t e . At t h e
sa m e t im e, ox y ge n f r o m t h e p osit ive p la t e m a t e r ia lcombines with hydrogen from the sulfuric acid, caus-
ing the electrolyte to become mainly water.
Th e ch em ica l ch a n ges w it h in t h e b a tt er y a r e
caused by movement of excess or free electrons be-
t w e e n t h e p osit ive a n d n e ga t ive p la t e g r ou p s. Th is
movement of electrons produces a f low of electrical
cu r r e n t t h r o u g h t h e lo a d d e vice a t t a ch e d t o t h e ba t -
t e r y t e r m in a ls .
As t h e p la t e m a t e r ia ls becom e m or e sim ila r ch e m -
ically, and the electrolyte becomes less acid, the volt-
a g e p ot e n t ia l of e a ch cel l is r e d uce d . H ow e ver, by
ch a r g in g t h e b a t t e ry w i t h a v ol t a g e h ig h er t h a n t h a t
of the battery, the process is reversed.C h a r g i ng t h e b a t t e ry g r a d u a l ly ch a n g es t h e s u l -
f a t e d le a d p la t e s ba ck in t o sp o n g e le a d a n d le a d o x -
ide, and the water back into sulfuric acid. This action
restores the difference in electron charges deposited
on t h e p la t e s, a n d t h e vo lt a g e p ot e n t ia l o f t h e ba t t e r y
cells.
F o r a b a t t e r y t o r e m a i n u s e f u l , i t m u s t b e a b l e t o
produce high-amperage current over an extended pe-
r io d . A ba t t e r y m u st a lso be a ble t o a cce p t a ch a r g e ,
so t h a t i t s vo lt a g e p o t e n t ia l m a y be r e st o r e d .
I n a d d it io n t o p r o d u cin g a n d st o r in g e le ct r ica l e n -
e r gy, t h e ba t t e r y se r ve s a s a ca p a cit or or volt a g e st a -
biliz er f or t h e veh icle e lect r ica l sy st e m . I t a bsor bsa bn o r m a l o r t r a n sie n t vo lt a g es ca u se d by sw it ch in g
of any of the vehicles electrical components.
T h e ba t t e r y is ve n t e d t o r e le a se e x ce ss g a s t h a t is
cr ea t e d w h e n t h e b a t t e ry i s b ei n g c h a r g ed or d i s-
ch a r g ed . Ho w e ve r, e ve n w it h t h e se ve n t s, h y d r og e n
g a s ca n co lle ct in o r a r o u n d t h e ba t t e r y . I f h y d r o g e n
g a s is e x pose d t o f la m e or sp a r k s, i t ca n ig n it e .
If the electrolyte level is low, the battery could arc
i n t er n a l ly a n d e xp lod e. I f t h e b a t t e ry i s e q ui pp ed
w it h r e m o va ble ce l l ca p s, a d d d ist i l le d w a t e r w h e n -
e ve r t h e e le ct r ol y t e l e ve l i s b el ow t h e t op of t h e
plates. I f the battery cell caps cannot be removed, the
bat tery m ust be replaced when the electrolyte level is
low.
WARNING: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ASSIST BOOST,
CHARGE, OR TEST BATTERY WHEN ELECTRO-
LYTE LEVEL IS BELOW THE TOP OF THE PLATES.
PERSONAL INJURY MAY OCCUR.
BATTERY RATINGSCurrently, there are 2 commonly accepted methods
for rat ing and comparing battery performance. These
r a t in g s a r e ca l le d Co ld Cr a n k in g Am pe r a g e (CCA),
and Reserve Capacity (RC). Be certain that a replace-
m e n t b a t t e r y h a s C C A a n d R C r a t i n g s t h a t e q u a l o r
e xce ed t h e or ig in a l e q u ip m en t sp ecif ica t ion f or t h e
ve h icle bein g se rvice d . Se e B a t t e r y Cla ssi f ica t ion sa n d R a t i n g s c h a r t s i n S p eci fi ca t i on s a t t h e b a c k of
this group.
COLD CRANKING AMPERAGE
The Cold Cranking Amperage (CCA) rating speci-
f ie s h o w m u ch cu r r e n t ( in a m p e r e s) t h e ba t t e r y ca n
deliver for 30 seconds a t -17.7C (0F ). Termina l volt-
a g e m u st n o t f a l l be lo w 7.2 vo lt s d u r in g o r a f t e r t h e
30 second discharge. The CCA required is generally
higher a s engine displacement increases, depending
a lso u p o n t h e st a r t e r cu r r e n t d r a w r e q u ir e m e n t s.
RESERVE CAPACITYTh e R es er v e C a p a c it y (R C ) r a t i n g s peci fi es t h e
t im e ( in m in u t e s) i t t a k e s f o r ba t t e r y t e r m in a l vo lt -
a g e t o f a l l be lo w 10.2 vo lt s a t a d isch a r g e r a t e o f 25
a m ps . R C is d et er min ed w it h t h e b a tt er y fu ll y-
ch a r g e d a t 26.7C (80F ). T h is r a t in g e st im a t e s h o w
l o n g t h e b a t t e r y m i g h t l a s t a f t e r a c h a r g i n g s y s t e m
failure, under minimum electrical load.
DIAGNOSISTh e ba t t e r y m u st be com p le t ely ch a r g e d a n d t h e
t o p, p ost s , a n d t e r m in a l cla m p s sh ou ld be p r op er ly
cleaned before dia gnostic procedures ar e performed.
Re fe r t o Gr o u p 8B - B a t t e r y /St a r t e r /Ge n e r a t o r Se r -vice for more information.
The condition of a bat tery is determined by tw o cri-
t e r ia :
(1) State-Of-Charge Th is ca n be d e t e r m in e d byviewing t he built-in test indicat or, by checking spe-
cific gravity of the electrolyte (hydrometer test), or by
checking bat tery volta ge (open circuit voltage test).
(2) Cranking Capacity Th is ca n be d e t er m in edb y p er f or m in g a b a t t e ry l oa d t e st , w h i ch m ea s u r es
t h e a b i li t y of t h e b a t t e ry t o s u pp ly h i gh -a m p er a g e
current.
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 3
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I f t h e ba t t e r y h a s a bu il t - in t e st in d ica t o r , u se t h is
t e st f ir st . I f i t h a s n o t e st in d ica t o r , bu t h a s r e m o v-
a ble ce ll ca p s, p er f or m t h e h y d r om e t er t e st f ir st . I f
cel l ca p s a r e n o t r e m ova ble, or a h y d r om e t er is n o t
available, perform the open circuit voltage test f irst .
Th e b a t t e r y m u s t b e ch a r g ed b ef or e p roce ed in g
w i t h a l o a d t e s t i f :
the built-in test indicator has a black or dark colorvisible
t h e t e m pe r a t u r e cor r e ct e d sp ecif ic g r a vit y is less
than 1.235
the open circuit voltage is less than 12.4 volts.
A b a t t er y t h a t w i ll n ot a c cep t a ch a r ge i s f a u lt y
a n d f u r t h e r t e st in g is n o t r e q u ir e d . A ba t t e r y t h a t is
f ul ly -ch a r ged , b ut d oes n ot pa s s t h e l oa d t es t i s
f a u lt y a n d m u st be r e p la ce d .
Completely discharged batteries may takeseveral hours to accept a charge. See ChargingCompletely Discharged Battery.
A battery is fully-charged when:
a l l cel ls a r e g a ssin g f r e ely d u r in g ch a r g in g a g r een col or i s v i s ib le i n t h e s i g h t g la s s of t h e
built-in test indicat or
t h r ee cor r ect e d s pe ci fi c g r a v it y t e st s , t a k e n a t
1-hour interva ls, indicate no increase in specific grav-
it y
open circuit voltage is 12.4 volts or greater.
ABNORMAL BATTERY DISCHARGING
Any of the following conditions can result in abnor-
m a l ba t t e r y d isch a r g in g :
(1) C or r od e d ba t t e r y p o st s a n d t e r m in a ls .
(2) Loose or worn generator drive belt .
(3) Elect r ica l lo a d s t h a t e xcee d t h e ou t p u t of t h e
charging system, possibly due to equipment installed
a f t e r m a n u f a ct u r e o r r e p ea t e d sh o r t t r ip u se.
(4) Slow driving speeds (heavy traffic conditions) or
p r olon g ed id lin g w it h h ig h -a m p e r a g e d r a w sy st e m s
in use.
(5) Fault y circuit or component causing excessive
ignit ion-off dra w. See I gnit ion-Off Dra w in t his group
for diagnosis.
(6) F a u lt y ch a r g in g sy st e m .
(7) Faulty or incorrect battery.
BUILT-IN TEST INDICATOR
A t e st in d ica t or (h y d r om e t er ) bu ilt in t o t h e t o p o f
the battery case, provides visual information for bat-
t e r y t e st in g (F ig . 3) . I t is im p o r t a n t w h e n u sin g t h e
t e s t i n d i c a t o r t h a t t h e b a t t e r y b e l e v e l a n d h a v e a
clean sight glass to see correct indicat ions. Additional
light may be required to view indicator.
WARNING: DO NOT USE OPEN FLAME AS ASOURCE OF ADDITIONAL LIGHT FOR VIEWINGTEST INDICATOR. EXPLOSIVE HYDROGEN GASMAY BE PRESENT IN THE AREA SURROUNDING
BATTERY.
Like a hydrometer, the built-in test indicator mea-
sures the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Specific
g r a v it y w i ll i n di ca t e b a t t e ry s t a t e -of -ch a r g e. H o w -
ever, the test indicator will not indicate cranking ca-
pacity of th e ba tt ery. S ee Load Test in this group for
more informat ion.
L o o k in t o t h e sig h t g la ss a n d n o t e t h e co lo r o f t h e
indicator (Fig. 4). Refer to the following description,as the color indicates:
GREENindicat es 75% to 100% sta te-of-char ge.T h e ba t t e r y is a d e q u a t e ly ch a r g e d f o r f u r t h e r t e st -
in g o r r e t u r n t o u se . I f t h e ve h icle w il l n o t cr a n k f o r
a m in im u m of 15 se con d s w it h a f u lly -ch a r g ed ba t -
tery, perform L oad Test.
BLACK OR DARKindicat es 0% to 75% sta te-of-charge.
Th e b a t t er y i s i n a d e q ua t e ly ch a r g ed a n d m u s t b e
ch a r g e d u n t i l g r ee n in d ica t or (F ig . 4) is visible in
sight glass (12.4 volts or more) before the battery is
t e st ed f u r t h er or r e t u r n ed t o u se . Se e Abn or m a l B a t -
t e r y D isch a r g in g in t h is g r o u p t o d ia g n o se ca u se o f
discharged condition.
YELLOW OR BRI GHTindicat es low electrolytelevel.
The electrolyte level in the battery is below test in-
dicator. A maintenance-free battery with non-remov-
able cell caps must be replaced if electrolyte level is
low . Wa t e r ca n be a d d ed t o a low -m a in t e n a n ce ba t -
tery with removable cell caps. A low electrolyte level
m a y be ca u se d by a n over -ch a r g in g con d it ion . Se e
Ch a r g in g Sy st e m in t h is g r o u p t o d ia g n o se a n o ve r -
charging condition.
WARNING: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CHARGE, TEST,OR ASSIST BOOST BATTERY WHEN YELLOW ORBRIGHT COLOR IS VISIBLE IN SIGHT GLASS OF
TEST INDICATOR. LOW ELECTROLYTE LEVEL CANALLOW BATTERY TO ARC INTERNALLY AND EX-PLODE. PERSONAL INJURY MAY OCCUR.
HYDROMETER TEST
Th e h y d r om e t er t e st r e ve a ls t h e ba t t e r y st a t e -of -
ch a r g e by m e a su r in g t h e sp ecif ic g r a vit y of t h e e le c-
t r o ly t e . Th is t e st ca n n ot be p er f or m e d on ba t t e r ies
Fig. 3 Built-In Test Indicator
8A - 4 BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS ZJ
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BATTERY DIAGNOSIS
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 5
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LOAD TEST
A ba t t e r y lo a d t e st w il l ve r i f y ba t t e r y cr a n k in g ca -
p a cit y . T h e t e st is ba se d o n t h e Co ld Cr a n k in g Am -
per a g e (C C A) r a t in g of t h e b a t t er y. S ee B a t t e r y
Classifications and Ratings chart in Specifications, at
t h e ba ck o f t h is g r ou p .
WARNING: IF BATTERY SHOWS SIGNS OF FREEZ-ING, LEAKING, LOOSE POSTS, OR LOW ELECTRO-
LYTE LEVEL, DO NOT LOAD TEST. PERSONALINJURY AND/OR VEHICLE DAMAGE MAY RESULT.
Before performing load test, the battery mustbe FULLY-CHARGED.
(1) Remove both battery cables, negative first . Bat-
t e r y t o p a n d p o st s sh o u ld be cle a n .
(2) Co n n ect a su it a ble volt -a m m e t e r -loa d t e st er
(Fig. 6) to the battery posts (Fig. 7). Refer to operat-ing instructions provided with the tester being used.
Ch e ck t h e o p e n cir cu it vo lt a g e (n o lo a d ) o f t h e ba t -
t e ry. O pen ci r cu it v ol t a g e m u s t b e 12. 4 v ol t s or
greater.
(3) Rotate the load control knob (carbon pile rheo-
stat) to apply a 300 amp load for 15 seconds, then re-
t u r n t h e con t r ol k n ob t o O F F (F i g. 8). Th i s w i ll
r e m ove t h e su r f a ce ch a r g e f r om t h e ba t t e r y.
(4) Allow t h e ba t t e r y t o st a bil iz e t o op en cir cu it
v o l t a g e . I t m a y t a k e u p t o 5 m i n u t e s f o r v o l t a g e t o
stabilize.
(5) Rotate the load control knob to maintain a load
equal to 50%of CCA rating (Fig. 9). After 15 seconds,
r ecor d t h e l oa d e d v ol t a g e r ea d i n g, t h en r et u r n t h e
load control knob to OFF.
(6) Vol t a g e d r op w i ll v a r y w i t h b a t t e ry t e m pe ra -
t u r e a t t h e t im e of t h e loa d t e st . B a t t e r y t e m p er a t u r e
ca n b e e s t im a t e d b y t h e a m b i en t t e m pe ra t u r e ov er
t h e pa s t s ev er a l h ou rs . I f t h e b a t ter y h a s b een
ch a r g e d , bo ost e d , o r loa d e d a f ew m in u t es p r ior t o
OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE
Fig. 5 Testing Open Circuit Voltage
Fig. 6 Volt-Amps-Load Tester (Typical)
Fig. 7 Volt-Ammeter-Load Tester Connections
Fig. 8 Remove Surface Charge from Battery
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 7
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t e st , t h e ba t t e r y w il l be so m e w h a t w a r m e r . Se e L o a d
Te st Te m pe r a t u r e ch a r t f or p r op er loa d e d volt a g e
reading.
(7) If the voltmeter reading falls below 9.6 volts, at
a m in im u m ba t t e r y t e m pe r a t u r e o f 21 C (70 F ), r e -place the battery.
BATTERY CHARGINGA battery is fully-charged when:
a l l cel ls a r e g a ssin g f r e ely d u r in g ch a r g in g
a g r ee n color is visible in sigh t g la ss of bu il t -in
test indicator
t h r ee cor r ect e d s pe ci fi c g r a v it y t e st s , t a k e n a t
1-hour interva ls, indicate no increase in specific grav-
it y open circuit voltage is 12.4 volts or above.
WARNING: DO NOT ASSIST BOOST OR CHARGE A
BATTERY THAT HAS LOW ELECTROLYTE LEVEL
OR IS FROZEN. BATTERY MAY ARC INTERNALLY
AND EXPLODE.
WARNING: EXPLOSIVE HYDROGEN GAS FORMS IN
AND AROUND BATTERY. DO NOT SMOKE, USE
FLAME, OR CREATE SPARKS NEAR BATTERY.
WARNING: POISONOUS AND CAUSTIC. BATTERY
CONTAINS SULFURIC ACID. AVOID CONTACT WITH
SKIN, EYES, OR CLOTHING. IN EVENT OF CON-
TACT, FLUSH WITH WATER AND CALL PHYSICIANIMMEDIATELY. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHIL-
DREN.
CAUTION: Always disconnect the battery negativecable before charging battery to avoid damage toelectrical system components. Do not exceed 16.0
volts while charging battery.
B a t t e r y e le ct r o ly t e w il l bu bble in sid e ba t t e r y ca se
d u ri n g n or m a l b a t t e r y ch a r g in g . I f t h e e le ct r ol yt e
b oi ls , or i s d i sch a r g ed f r om t h e v en t h ol es w h i le
ch a r g in g , im m e d ia t e ly r e d u ce ch a r g in g r a t e o r t u r n
O F F ch a r g e r a n d e va lu a t e ba t t e r y co n d it io n .
Battery should not be hot to the touch. If thebattery feels hot to the touch, turn OFFcharger and let battery cool before continuingcharging operation.
So m e ba t t e r y ch a r g e r s a r e e q u ip p e d w it h p o la r i t y
sensing circuitry. This circuitry protects the charger
an d/or bat tery fr om being da ma ged if improperly con-
nected.
If the battery state-of-charge is too low for the po-
larity sensing circuitry to detect , the charger will not
op er a t e . Th i s m a k es i t a p pe a r t h a t t h e b a t t e ry w i l l
n ot a cce pt ch a r g in g cu r r en t . Re fe r t o in st r u ct ion s
p r o vid e d w it h t h e ba t t e r y ch a r g e r be in g u se d t o by -
pass the polarity sensing circuitry.
After the battery has been charged to 12.4 volts or
g r ea t e r, p er f or m a loa d t e st t o d e t e r m in e cr a n k in g
ca p a cit y. I f t h e ba t t e r y w il l en d u r e a loa d t e st , r e t u r n
t h e b a t t e r y t o u s e . I f t h e b a t t e r y w i l l n o t e n d u r e a
loa d t e st , i t m u st be r e pla ced .
Cle a n a n d in spe ct ba t t e r y h old d ow n s, t r a y , t e r m i-
nals, posts, and top before completing service. Refer
to G roup 8B - Ba ttery/St art er/G enera tor Service for
more informat ion.
CHARGING TIME REQUIRED
The t ime required to charge a battery will vary, de-
pending upon the following factors:
Fig. 9 Load 50% CCA Rating - Note Voltage
BATTERY CHARGING TIME TABLE
8A - 8 BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS ZJ
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IGNITION-OFF DRAW
GENERAL INFORMATIONI g n it i on -O ff D r a w (I O D ) r ef er s t o p ow e r b ei n g
d r a i n ed f r om t h e b a t t e ry w i t h t h e i g n it i on s w i t ch
t u r n e d O F F. A n o rm a l veh icle e le ct r ica l sy st e m w il l
d r a w f r om 5 t o 20 m il l ia m p s (0.005 - 0.020 a m p s).
This is with the ignit ion switch in the OFF posit ion,
a n d a l l n on -ig n it ion con t r o lled cir cu it s in p r op er
working order. The 20 milliamps are needed to sup-
ply P CM memory, digital clock memory, an d electron-
ically-tuned radio memory.
A veh icle t h a t h a s n ot bee n op er a t e d f o r a p pr ox i-
m a t e l y 2 0 d a y s , m a y d i s c h a r g e t h e b a t t e r y t o a n i n -
a d e q u a t e leve l. Wh e n a veh icle w il l n ot be u se d f o r
20 days or more (stored), remove the IOD fuse in the
P ow e r D ist r ibut ion Ce n t e r (P D C). Th is w il l r e d u ce
ba t t e r y d isch a r g in g .
Ex ce ssive ba t t e r y d r a in ca n be ca u se d by :
electrical items left on faulty or improperly adjusted switches
internally shorted generator
in t e r m it t e n t sh o r t s in t h e w ir in g .
I f t h e I O D is o ver 20 m ill ia m p s, t h e p r oblem m u st
be found and corrected before replacing a battery. In
m o st ca se s, t h e ba t t e r y ca n be ch a r g e d a n d r e t u r n e d
to service.
DIAGNOSISTesting for high-amperage IOD must be per-
formed first to prevent damage to most milli-amp meters.
(1) Ve r if y t h a t a l l e le ct r ica l a cce ssor ies a r e of f .Turn off a ll la mps, remove ignit ion key, a nd close all
doors. I f the vehicle is equipped with illuminated en-
try or electronically-tuned radio, allow the systems to
a u t o m a t ica l ly sh u t o f f ( t im e o u t ) . T h is m a y t a k e u p
t o 3 m in u t es.
(2) D e t e r m in e t h a t t h e u n d e r h o o d la m p is o p e r a t -
ing properly, then disconnect or remove bulb.
(3) Disconnect negative cable from battery.
(4) Connect a typical 12-volt test lamp (low-wa tt-
a g e bu lb) be t w e e n t h e n e g a t ive ca ble cla m p a n d t h e
ba t t e r y n e g a t ive t e r m in a l . Ma k e su r e t h a t t h e d o o r s
r e m a in close d so t h a t i l lu m in a t e d e n t r y is n o t a ct i-
va t e d .
T h e t e st la m p m a y l ig h t br ig h t ly f o r u p t o 3 m in -
u t e s, o r m a y n o t l ig h t a t a l l , d e p e n d in g u p o n t h e ve -
h icles e le ct r ica l e q u ip m en t . Th e t e r m br igh t ly, a s
u s ed t h r ou g hou t t h e f ol low i n g t e st s , i m pl ie s t h e
b r ig h t n es s o f t h e t e s t l a m p w i l l b e t h e s a m e a s i f i t
were connected across the battery.
The test lamp must be securely clam ped t o the neg-
a t i v e c a b l e c l a m p a n d b a t t e r y n e g a t i v e t e r m i n a l . I f
t h e t e st la m p becom e s d iscon n e ct e d d u r in g a n y p a r t
of the IOD test , the electronic t imer function will be
a ct iva t e d a n d a l l t e st s m u st be r e p e a t e d .
(5) Af t e r 3 m in u t e s t h e t e st la m p sh o u ld t u r n o f f
or be dimly lit , depending upon the vehicles electri-
ca l e q u ip m e n t . I f t h e t e st la m p r e m a in s br ig h t ly l i t ,
d o n ot d is con n ect i t . R em ov e e a ch f u se or ci rcu it
breaker (refer t o G roup 8W - Wiring D iagra ms) until
t e st la m p is e i t h e r o f f o r d im ly l i t . T h is w il l iso la t e
e a ch cir cu it a n d id e n t i f y t h e so u r ce o f t h e h ig h - a m -
p er a g e d r a w .
If the test lamp is st ill brightly lit after disconnect-
ing each fuse and circuit breaker, disconnect the wir-
i n g h a r n e s s f r om t h e g en er a t o r. I f t e st l a m p n o w
t u r n s o f f o r is d im ly l i t , se e Ch a r g in g Sy st e m in t h is
group t o diagnose fa ulty genera tor. D o not disconnect
t h e t e st la m p .
After high-amperage IOD has been corrected, low-
a m p e r a g e I O D m a y be ch e ck e d . I t is n o w sa f e t o in -
s t a l l a m i ll ia m p m et e r t o ch eck f or l ow - a m pe ra g e
I O D .
(6) With test lamp still connected securely, clamp am i ll ia m p m et e r b et w e en b a t t e ry n eg a t i v e t e rm i na l
a n d n e ga t ive ca ble cla m p .
Do not open any doors or turn on any electri-cal accessories with the test lamp disconnectedor the milliamp meter may be damaged.
(7) Disconnect test lamp. Observe milliamp meter.
Th e cur r e n t d r a w sh ou ld n ot e xcee d 0.020 a m p . I f
draw exceeds 20 milliamps, isolat e each circuit by r e-
m ov in g ci r cu it b r ea k er s a n d f us es . Th e m i ll ia m p
m e t er r e a d in g w il l d r o p w h e n t h e so u r ce o f t h e d r a w
i s d is con n ect e d. R ep a ir t h i s ci r cu it a s n eces s a r y,
w h e t h e r a w ir in g sh o r t , in co r r e ct sw it ch a d ju st m e n t
or a component failure is found.
8A - 10 BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS ZJ
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WIRING INSPECTION
Inspect wiring for damage. Inspect all connections
a t :
starter solenoid
park/neutra l posit ion switch (aut oma tic t ra nsmis-
sion)
clutch pedal posit ion switch (manual transmission)
ignit ion switch st a r t e r r e la y
bat tery (including all ground connections).
C l ea n , t i gh t e n a n d r ep a i r a l l con n ect i on s a s r e-
quired.
SOLENOID, RELAY AND SWITCH INSPECTIONS
I n sp ect t h e solen oid , r e la y a n d ig n it ion sw it ch t o
determine their condition. Also, if equipped with au-
t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , in spe ct con d it ion of t h e p a r k /
n eu t r a l p os it i on s w i t ch . I f e q ui pp ed w i t h m a n u a l
t r a n sm ission , in spe ct con d it ion of t h e clu t ch p ed a l
posit ion switch. Testing informa tion can be found in
the following pages.
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STARTING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 13
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COLD CRANKING TEST
(1) B a t t e r y m u st be f u l ly - ch a r g e d a n d lo a d t e st e d
before proceeding. See Battery, in this group.
(2) C o n ne ct a s u it a b l e v ol t -a m p er e t e st e r t o t h e
battery terminals (Fig. 12). Refer to the operating in-
structions provided with the tester being used.
(3) F u ll y en g a ge pa r k in g b ra k e. P l a ce m a n u a l
t r a n sm issio n in N EU T RAL a n d f u l ly d e p r e ss clu t ch
p e d a l . Pla ce a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm issio n in PARK .
(4) Verify that all lamps and accessories are OFF.
(5) U n p lu g Au t o S h u t -D ow n (AS D ) r el a y f r om
P ow e r D ist r ibu t ion Ce n t e r (PD C ) t o p r e ven t e n gin e
f r o m st a r t in g . Re la y lo ca t io n is sh o w n o n u n d e r sid e
of PDC cover.
(6) R ot a t e a n d h ol d t h e i gn it i on s w it ch i n t h e
START posit ion. Note cranking volta ge a nd am per-
age.
(a ) I f vo lt a g e r e a d s a bove 9.6 volt s a n d a m p e r a g e
d r a w r e a d s a bo ve sp ecif ica t ion s, see F e ed Cir cu it
Test s.
(b) I f volt a g e r e a d s 12.5 volt s o r g r e a t e r a n d a m -
pera ge read s below specificat ions, see Control Cir-
cuit Tests .
A cold engine will increase starter current
and reduce battery voltage.
FEED CIRCUIT TESTS
The starter feed circuit tests (voltage drop method)
w il l d e t e r m in e i f t h e r e is e xce ssive r e sist a n ce in t h ehigh-amperage circuit . When performing these tests,
it is important that the voltmeter be connected prop-
e r ly. Co n n ect volt m e t er lea d s t o t h e t e r m in a ls t h a t
the cable connectors or clamps are at tached to, not to
the cable connectors or clamps. For exam ple: When
t e st in g be t w e e n t h e ba t t e r y a n d so le n o id , t o u ch t h e
vo lt m e t e r le a d s t o t h e ba t t e r y p o st a n d t h e so le n o id
t h r e a d e d st u d .
The following operation will require a voltmeter ac-
curat e t o 1/10 (0.10) volt. B efore performing th e t ests,
be certain the following procedures ar e a ccomplished:
u n p lu g Au t o Sh u t -D o w n (ASD ) r e la y f r om P ow e r
D i s t ri bu t i on C e nt e r (P D C ) t o p re ve nt e ng in e f r om
st a r t in g
p la c e t r a n s m i ss ion i n N E U TR AL (m a n u a l t r a n s -
mission) or PARK (automatic transmission)
install a jumper wire between two clutch pedal po-
sit ion switch connectors (manual transmission)
parking brake is applied b a t t er y i s f ul ly -ch a r ged (s ee B a t t e r y, i n t h is
group).
(1) Con n e ct p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t t e r y
n e ga t ive p ost . Co n n ect n e g a t ive le a d of volt m e t er t o
b a t t e ry n eg a t i v e c a b l e cl a m p (F i g. 13). R ot a t e a n d
hold ignit ion switch in the START posit ion. Observe
voltmeter. I f voltage is detected, correct poor contact
bet w e e n ca ble cla m p a n d p ost .
(2) Con n e ct p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t t e r y
p osit ive p ost . Co n n ect n e ga t ive lea d of volt m e t er t o
b a t t e ry p os it i v e ca b l e cl a m p (F i g. 13). R ot a t e a n d
hold ignit ion switch in the START posit ion. Observevoltmeter. I f voltage is detected, correct poor contact
bet w e e n ca ble cla m p a n d p ost .
(3) Connect voltmeter to measure between the bat-
t e ry p os it i ve p os t a n d t h e s t a r t e r s ol en oi d b a t t e ry
stud (Fig. 14). Rotate and hold ignit ion switch in the
START posit ion. Observe voltmeter. I f volta ge reads
above 0.2 volt , correct poor conta ct a t bat tery cable to
solen oid con n e ct ion . Re pe a t t e st . I f r e a d in g is s t i l l
above 0.2 volt , replace battery posit ive cable.(4) Connect voltmeter to measure between the bat-
t e ry n eg a t i v e p os t a n d a g ood cl ea n g r ou n d on t h e
en g in e b lock (F i g. 15). R ot a t e a n d h ol d i gn i t ion
switch in the START posit ion. Observe voltmeter. I f
voltage reads above 0.2 volt , correct poor conta ct a t
ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble a t t a ch in g p oin t . Re pe a t t e st . I f
r e a d in g is s t i l l a bo ve 0.2 vo lt , r e p la ce ba t t e r y n e g a -
tive cable.
(5) Co n n ect p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o st a r t e r
h ou sin g. Co n n ect n e g a t ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t -
t e r y n e g a t ive t e r m in a l (F ig . 16). Ro t a t e a n d h o ld ig -
Fig. 12 Volt-Amps Tester Connections (Typical)
Fig. 13 Test Battery Connection Resistance
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n it i on s w it ch i n t h e S TAR T p os it ion . O bs er vevoltmeter. If voltage reads above 0.2 volt, correct poor
st a r t e r t o e n g in e g r o u n d .
If resistance t ests detect no feed circuit problems,
r em ov e t h e s t a r t e r a n d s ee S ol en oi d Te st i n t h i s
group.
CONTROL CIRCUIT TESTS
The starter control circuit consists of:
starter solenoid
st a r t e r r e la y
ignit ion switch
park/neutral posit ion switch (aut omatic t ra nsmis-
sion)
clutch pedal posit ion switch (manual transmission) wiring harness and connections.
Te st p r oced u r es f or t h e se com p on e n t s a r e a s f ol-
lows, and should be followed in the order described.
CAUTION: Before performing any test, unplug Auto
Shut-Down (ASD) relay from Power Distribution
Center (PDC) to prevent engine from starting.
SOLENOID TEST
Refer to G roup 8B - Ba tt ery/St art er/G enera tor Ser-
vice for starter removal procedures.
(1) Disconnect solenoid field coil wire from fieldcoil terminal.
(2) Check for continuity between solenoid terminal
and field coil terminal with a continuity tester. There
should be continuity (Fig. 17).
(3) Check for continuity between solenoid terminal
an d solenoid case. There should be continuity (Fig.
18).
(4) If there is continuity, solenoid is good. If there
is n o co n t in u it y in e i t h e r t e st , so le n o id h a s a n o p e n
circuit and is faulty. Replace starter assembly.
(5) Connect solenoid field coil wire to field coil ter-
m in a l .
(6) I n st a l l s t a r t e r a s d e scr ibe d in Gr o u p 8B - B a t -
tery/St a rt er/G enerat or Service.
Fig. 14 Test Battery Positive Cable Resistance
(Typical)
Fig. 15 Test Ground Circuit Resistance
Fig. 16 Test Starter Ground (Typical)
Fig. 17 Continuity Test Between Solenoid Terminaland Field Coil Terminal
Fig. 18 Continuity Test Between Solenoid Terminaland Solenoid Case
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 15
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RELAY TEST
Th e st a r t e r r e la y is in t h e P ow e r D ist r ibu t ion Ce n -
ter (PD C)(Fig. 19). Refer to t he underside of the P DC
cover for relay location.
Re m o ve st a r t e r r e la y f r o m PD C t o p e r f o r m t h e f o l-
lowing tests:
(1) A r e la y in t h e d e -e n er g ize d p osit ion sh ou ld
h a ve co n t in u it y be t w e e n t e r m in a ls 87A a n d 30, a n d
no continuity between terminals 87 and 30. If OK, go
t o n e x t st e p. I f n ot O K , r e p la ce f a u lt y r e la y .
(2) Resistance between terminals 85 and 86 (elec-
tromagnet) should be 755 o h m s . I f O K , g o t o n e x t
step. If not OK, replace faulty relay.
(3) C on n ect a b a t t er y t o t er m in a l s 85 a n d 86.
Th e r e sh o u ld n ow be con t in u it y bet w e e n t e r m ina ls
30 a n d 87, a n d n o con t in u it y bet w e e n t e r m in a ls 87A
a n d 30. I f O K , g o t o R el a y C i r cu it Te st . I f n ot O K ,
replace faulty relay.
RELAY CIRCUIT TEST
(1) The common feed terminal (30) is connected to
ba t t e r y vo lt a g e a n d sh o u ld be h o t a t a l l t im e s. I f O K ,g o t o n e x t st e p . I f n o t O K , ch e ck cir cu it t o f u se F 12
i n P ow e r D i s t r ib u t ion C e n t er (P D C ). R ep a ir a s r e-
quired.
(2) Th e n or m a lly closed t e r m ina l (87A) is con -
n e ct e d t o t e r m ina l 30 in t h e d e -e n er g ize d p osit ion ,
bu t is n o t u sed f or t h is a p plica t ion . G o t o n e x t st e p.
(3) The normally open terminal (87) is connected to
t h e ba t t e r y t e r m in a l (30) in t h e e n er g ize d p osit ion .
T h is t e r m in a l su p p lie s ba t t e r y vo lt a g e t o t h e st a r t e r
solenoid field coils. There should be continuity be-
t w e e n ca vit y f or r e la y t e r m in a l 87 a n d t h e st a r t e r so-
len oid t e r m in a l a t a l l t im es. I f O K , g o t o n e xt st e p. I f
not OK, repair circuit to solenoid as required.
(4) The coil bat tery termina l (86) is connected to
t h e e le ct r o m a g n e t in t h e r e la y . I t is e n e r g iz e d w h e n
the ignit ion switch is in the START posit ion. C heck
f or b a t t e ry v ol t a g e a t ca v i t y f or r el a y t e rm i n a l 8 6
with ignit ion switch in t he S TART posit ion. I f OK, go
t o n e xt s t ep . I f n ot O K a n d v eh i cl e h a s a u t om a t i c
t r a n sm ission , r e fe r t o G r ou p 8D - I g n it ion Sy st e m s
f o r t e st in g a n d se r vice o f t h e ig n it io n sw it ch . I f n o t
O K a n d v eh i cl e h a s m a n u a l t r a n s m is s ion , r ef er t o
Group 6 - Clutch for testing and service of the clutch
pedal posit ion switch.
(5) The coil ground termina l (85) is connected tot h e e le ct r o m a g n e t in t h e r e la y . O n ve h icle s w it h a n
a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , i t is g r o un d e d t h r o u gh t h e
p a r k/n eu t r a l p os i t ion s w i t ch . O n v eh i cl es w i t h a
m a n u a l t r a n sm is si on , i t i s g rou nd ed a t a l l t i mes .
Check for continuity to ground at cavity for relay ter-
m i n a l 8 5 . I f n o t O K a n d v e h i c l e h a s m a n u a l t r a n s -
m i ss ion , r ep a ir ci rcu it a s r eq u ir ed . I f n ot O K a n d
veh icle h a s a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , r e fe r t o G r ou p
21 - Tra nsmission an d Tra nsfer Ca se for testing a nd
service of t he pa rk/neutr a l position sw itch.
IGNITION SWITCH TEST
R ef er t o G r o up 8D - I g n it i on S y s t em s f or t e st i n gand service of this component.
PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION SWITCH TEST
R ef er t o G r o up 21 - Tr a n s m is s ion a n d Tr a n s f er
Case for testing and service of this component.
CLUTCH PEDAL POSITION SWITCH TEST
Refer to Group 6 - Clutch for testing and service of
this component.
Fig. 19 Power Distribution Center
STARTER RELAY CONNECTIONS
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(6) Connect posit ive lead of a test voltmeter (range
0-18 volts minimum) t o disconnected genera tor out-
p u t w ir e . Co n n e ct n e g a t ive le a d o f t e st vo lt m e t e r t o
battery posit ive cable at posit ive post .
(7) Con n e ct on e e n d o f a ju m p er w ir e t o g r ou n d
a n d w i t h ot h e r e n d p rob e g r ee n K 2 0 f i el d w i r e a t
back of generator (Fig. 21). This will generate a DTC.
CAUTION: Do not connect green/orange A142 fieldwire to ground. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Dia-grams for more information.
(8) Co n n ect a n e n gin e t a ch om e t er, t h e n con n e ct
ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble t o ba t t e r y.
(9) C on n ect a v a r i a b le ca r b on p il e r h eos t a t b e-
t w e en b a t t e r y t e r m in a l s . B e s u r e c a r bon p il e i s i n
O PEN o r O F F p o sit io n be f o r e co n n e ct in g le a d s. Se e
Load Test in this group for instructions.
TEST
(1) S t a r t e ng in e. I m m ed ia t e ly a f t e r s t a r t i n g, r e-
duce engine speed to idle.
(2) Adjust engine speed and carbon pi le to maintain
20 amperes flowing in circuit . Observe voltmeter read-
ing. Voltmeter reading should not exceed 0.5 volts.
RESULTS
I f a h i gh er v ol t age drop i s i n di cat ed, i n sp ect , cl ean
and t ighten al l connections. This includes any connec-
tion between generator battery output terminal and bat-
tery positive post. A voltage drop test may be performed
at each connection to locate the connection with exces-
sive resistance. I f resistance tests sat isfactori ly, reduce
engine speed, turn OFF carbon pi le and turn OFF igni-
t ion switch.
(1) Disconnect negative cable from battery.
(2) Remove test am meter, voltmeter, carbon pile,
and tachometer.
(3) Remove jumper wire.
(4) C on n ect g en er a t o r ou t pu t w i r e t o g en er a t o r
bat tery output termina l. Tighten nut to 8.51.5 N m
(7515 in. lbs.).
(5) Connect negative cable to battery.
(6) U se D RB sca n t o o l t o e r a se D T C.
CURRENT OUTPUT TESTThe generat or current output t est determines whether
generator can del iver i ts rated current output.
PREPARATION
(1) B ef or e s t a r t i n g t e st m a k e s u re v eh i cl e h a s a
f u lly -ch a r g ed ba t t e r y. Se e B a t t e r y in t h is g r ou p f o r
more informat ion.
(2) Disconnect negative cable from battery.
(3) Disconnect generator output wire at the gener-
a t o r ba t t e r y o u t p u t t e r m in a l .
Fig. 21 Generator Output Wire Resistance Test (Typical)
ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 19
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(4) C on n ect a 0-150 a m p er e s ca l e D C a m m e t er
(Fig. 22). Install in series between generator battery
ou t p u t t e r m in a l a n d d iscon n e ct e d g e n er a t o r ou t p u t
w ir e . Co n n ect p osit ive le a d t o g e n er a t or ba t t e r y ou t -
p u t t e r m in a l a n d n e g a t ive le a d t o d isco n n e ct e d g e n -
erator output wire.
(5) Connect positive lead of a test voltmeter (range 0-18
volts minimum) to generator battery output terminal.(6) C o nn ect n eg a t i v e l ea d of t e st v ol t m et e r t o a
good ground.
(7) Co n n ect a n e n gin e t a ch om e t er, t h e n con n e ct
ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble t o ba t t e r y.
(8) C on n ect a v a r i a b le ca r b on p il e r h eos t a t b e-
t w e en b a t t e r y t e r m in a l s . B e s u r e c a r bon p il e i s i n
O PEN o r O F F p o sit io n be f o r e co n n e ct in g le a d s. Se e
Load Test in this group for instructions.
(9) Con n e ct on e e n d o f a ju m p er w ir e t o g r ou n d
a n d w i t h ot h e r e n d p rob e g r ee n K 2 0 f i el d w i r e a t
back of generator (Fig. 22). This will generate a DTC.
CAUTION: Do not connect green/orange A142 fieldwire to ground. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Dia-grams for more information.
TEST
(1) S t a r t e ng in e. I m m ed ia t e ly a f t e r s t a r t i n g, r e-
duce engine speed to idle.
(2) Adjust carbon pile a nd engine speed in incre-
ments until a speed of 1250 rpm and voltmeter read-
ing of 15 volts is obtained.
CAUTION: Do not allow voltage meter to read above
16 volts.
(3) Th e a m m e t er r ea d i n g m u s t b e w i t h in l im i t s
shown in Generator Output Voltage Specifications.
RESULTS
(1) I f r e a d in g is le ss t h a n sp e cif ie d a n d g e n e r a t o r
ou t p u t w ir e r e sist a n ce is n ot e xcessive , g en e r a t o r
s h ou ld b e r e pl a ced . R ef er t o G r o up 8B - B a t t e r y/
St a rt er/G enerat or Service.
(2) After current output test is completed, reduce
engine speed, turn OFF carbon pile and turn OFF ig-
nit ion switch.
(3) Disconnect negative cable from battery.
(4) Re m ove t e st a m m e t e r, volt m e t er , t a ch om e t er
and carbon pile.(5) Remove jumper wire (Fig. 22).
(6) C on n ect g en er a t o r ou t pu t w i r e t o g en er a t o r
bat tery output termina l. Tighten nut to 8.51.5 N m
(7515 in. lbs.).
(7) Connect negative cable to battery.
(8) U se D RB sca n t o o l t o e r a se D T C.
Fig. 22 Generator Current Output Test (Typical)
8A - 20 BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS ZJ
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