Universidad de Salamanca

Facultad de Biología

Biblioteca

Bionoticias Noviembre (4ª) de 2014

MÁS INFORMACIÓN Y OFERTAS EN LA WEB DE LA BIOBLIOTECA : http://campus.usal.es/~bibliotecabiologia/

BioNoticias. Resumen de prensa semanal

Elaborado por la Biblioteca de Biología. Universidad de Salamanca

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índice

Avisos de la Facultad 4

Biología 11

Biomedicina 17

Biotecnología 20

Neurociencia 27

Células madre y Epigenética 37

.Avisos de la Facultad

SEMANA DE LA CIENCIA EN EL IBFG: 1-4 diciembre

SEMINARIOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN. ED. DEPARTAMENTAL

Octubre - Diciembre de 2014

SEMINARIO INCYL 5/12

TALLER ACELERADOR DE STARTUPs

Programa Agrotech Startups de Telefonica Open Future

Si eres uno de los 100 seleccionados aceleramos tu proyecto con una

ayuda de hasta 50.000 euros

Este Jueves 4 de Diciembre

Sala de Grados del Aulario de la Facultad de Biología a las 12h

(constará de 1 h aprox)

Se tratarán los siguientes aspectos:

1) Telefónica Open Future_, el mayor hub global de emprendimiento on

y offline.

2) Conocer los recursos existentes en la plataforma con multitud de

herramientas para emprendedores.

3) Resolución de dudas y networking con los emprendedores.

Este es el Dosier de Extremadura Open Future que presentaremos en el

taller: http://we.tl/fL9rf8BWRM

+ info:

https://extremadura.openfuture.org/?utm_source=Webs+partners&utm_

medium=Banner+web&utm_content=Banners+Agrotech&utm_campai

gn=Banners+Agrotech+Partners

Extremadura Open Future es un programa que busca la transformación del tejido

empresarial de la Comunidad, bajo un modelo de innovación basado en el

emprendimiento tecnológico. Para conseguir este desafío, Extremadura cuenta

ahora con un valioso aliado que le permitirá avanzar en la creación de este

entorno de emprendimiento basado en la Innovación: Telefónica, la mayor

empresa de España por capitalización y la primera en volumen de inversión en

I+D. En su condición de operador de servicios integrados de tecnologías de la

información y las comunicaciones (TIC) es líder en presencia territorial.

NUEVO FACEBOOK DE LA BIBLIOTECA:

BIOBIBLIOTECA noticias, empleo, becas, actividades...

http://www.facebook.com/bibliotecadebiologia

BIOEMPLEO 1ª semana de Diciembre

Ofertas de trabajo para Biólogos y Biotecnólogos

Pulsa para leer:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BymhRstl4hkmMXlEOWM5Vjh4WG8

/view?usp=sharing

FORMACIÓN, VOLUNTARIADO Y ACTIVIDADES AL AIRE

LIBRE

4ª Semana de Noviembre

Pulsa para leer:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BymhRstl4hkma1FKQ2lfcE5mNXM/vi

ew?usp=sharing

ACTIVIDADES CULTURALES EN SALAMANCA

4ª Semana de Noviembre

Pulsa para leer:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BymhRstl4hkmSnZkTkxfTm1HVzA/vi

ew?usp=sharing

.Biología

El 55% del carbono de la Amazonía, en peligro por la explotación de las

zonas protegidas

La explotación agrícola, minera y maderera de las zonas protegidas del

Amazonas, sumada al incumplimiento de los derechos territoriales

indígenas, ponen en peligro los bosques de países tropicales. Esto se

Descubren que el ojo humano es capaz de ver luz infrarroja en algunos

casos

Cualquier libro de texto sobre ciencia de la visión nos dirá que no

podemos ver la luz infrarroja. Como los rayos X o las ondas de radio,

las ondas de luz infrarroja se encuentran fuera del espectro visible para

Los insectos de Nueva York eliminan la basura de las calles

En la ciudad que nunca duerme es fácil pasar por alto a pequeños seres

vivos como los insectos. Sin embargo, según un estudio estadounidense,

estos y otros artrópodos trabajan duro para eliminar los desechos en las

Un mapa digital predice las especies vegetales más adecuadas para

reforestar zonas de alta montaña

La técnica, desarrollada por investigadores de la Universidad de Huelva,

permite la restauración, a partir de la especie considerada original, de

determinadas áreas en las que en la actualidad ya no se encuentra la

El 40% de las golondrinas y el 10% de los gorriones han desaparecido

en España

Un estudio reciente demuestra que en la Unión Europea el 20% de las

aves se ha perdido en los últimos 30 años. Según la organización

SEO/BirdLife, la situación en España es similar, llegando a un declive

notable en el caso de golondrinas y gorriones en los paisajes españoles.

El XXII Congreso Español de Ornitología que se celebra en Madrid del

6 al 9 de diciembre permitirá que científicos y expert

Una musaraña gigante que vivió en Atapuerca hace 1,2 millones de años

consumía mamíferos más grandes que ella

La alimentación de unos animales tan pequeños como las musarañas de

dientes rojos (Beremendia fissidens) es un tema que actualmente genera

algunas controversias entre los paleontólogos especializados.

España publica el mayor número de artículos científicos sobre la Isla

Decepción

Un estudio publicado en la revista Antarctic Science revela que España

es el país del mundo con más trabajos científicos y de mayor impacto

sobre la Isla Decepción (Antártida). La Universidad de Granada es

El polo norte casi no tenía hielo hace cuatro millones de años

Según una investigación internacional con participación de la

Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), el casquete de hielo en el

Ártico no ocupó su extensión actual hasta hace unos 2,6 millones de

Bilingüismo y párkinson comparten las mismas áreas de control

ejecutivo en el cerebro

Un trabajo publicado en la edición avanzada on line de la revista

Neuropsychologia, coordinado por Albert Costa, jefe del grupo de

investigación en Producción del Lenguaje y Bilingüismo (Speech

La pardela cenicienta vacunada confiere inmunidad a sus polluelos

durante años

Para combatir una patología de origen vírico en una población de

pardela cenicienta, un equipo de investigación, liderado por la

Universidad de Barcelona, ha probado una vacuna en las madres y ha

estudiado su respuesta inmunitaria a la infección. Los resultados

demuestran que las hembras protegen de forma inmunitaria a sus crías

hasta seis años después de ser vacunadas con el patógeno.

Describen más de 80.000 nuevas especies de hongos

Científicos de 24 países han analizado 365 muestras de suelo

procedentes de diversos ecosistemas de todo el mundo con el fin de

profundizar en la diversidad de hongos del planeta, un campo poco

España posee la mayor superficie marina protegida para las aves

Un informe de BirdLife International, publicado esta semana, revela una

escasa protección del medio marino en la mayor parte de países

europeos. En España, aunque solo el 5% del territorio marino está

La proliferación de erizos de mar reduce los bosques de algas

Los erizos son invertebrados marinos que actúan como agentes

modeladores de la riqueza biológica de los fondos oceánicos. Pero una

proliferación excesiva de estos animales bentónicos también puede tener

El Niño afecta al crecimiento de los niños de Perú

El Niño es un fenómeno climático que ocurre de forma cíclica pero muy

irregular, con un intervalo de entre dos y siete años, en el Océano

Pacífico tropical, que sufre un brusco incremento en la temperatura de

ADN pegado a un cohete sobrevive a un vuelo espacial

Los plásmidos son moléculas de ADN extracromosómico que confieren

ventajas a las células que los llevan, como resistencia a determinados

antibióticos o producción de marcadores fluorescentes. Investigadores

Los perros distinguen los diferentes componentes del habla humana

¿Tu perro obedece inmediatamente a una orden y responde por su

nombre? Aunque muchos dirían que su mejor amigo entiende todo, lo

que en realidad hace el cerebro canino es diferenciar entre los sonidos

Ecosistema caribeño exótico que podría tener un equivalente en una

luna del planeta Júpiter

Un raro ecosistema submarino ubicado frente a la costa occidental de

Cuba y caracterizado por una simbiosis llamativa entre bacterias y

crustáceos, y por la conducta también singular de estos últimos,

La radiación ultravioleta aumenta la capacidad de captura de CO2 en el

Ártico

Un estudio liderado por investigadores del Consejo Superior de

Investigaciones Científicas demuestra que la radiación ultravioleta

aumenta la capacidad de captura de CO2 del océano del Ártico al

La FBBVA reconoce con sus premios a quienes pasan a la acción en

conservación de la biodiversidad

La Asociación Trashumancia y Naturaleza, el Instituto Smithsonian de

Investigaciones Tropicales, en Panamá y el periodista Javier Gregori

han sido galardonados con los premios a la Conservación de la

Biodiversidad de la Fundación BBVA.

Las selvas tropicales fragmentadas pierden diversidad

Los árboles pueden llegar a vivir más de mil años y sus respuestas a las

perturbaciones humanas no siempre son inmediatas. Investigadores de

Brasil y Australia han realizado un estudio experimental en

La geometría de la estructura celular

Artículo, del blog Bitnavegantes, que recomendamos por su interés. La

arquitectura imita la vida, al menos cuando se trata de esas rampas en

espiral en garajes de estacionamiento de varios pisos. Apiladas y

Los pájaros pueden valerse de su olfato para escoger una pareja

adecuada

La elección de pareja es a menudo la decisión más importante en las

vidas de humanos y animales. Unos científicos han encontrado la

primera evidencia de que las aves pueden elegir la suya a través del

Obtienen la secuencia genética del ciempiés

Los ciempiés, esas criaturas con muchas patas que a veces nos

sobresaltan en nuestras casas y jardines, han sido secuenciados

genéticamente por vez primera. El logro es fruto del trabajo de un

.Biomedicina

Demuestran la relación de 40 variantes de ADN con el cáncer de mama

hereditario

Científicos del Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular de Valladolid

han empleado una herramienta que han patentado, un vector adaptado a

realizar ensayos funcionales de ‘splicing’, para demostrar la relación

Un modelo predice los efectos de las sustancias químicas en la salud

El análisis de fármacos, productos naturales y sustancias

medioambientales permite identificar los fragmentos químicos

responsables de causar un efecto terapéutico o perjudicial para la salud

Desvelado el mapa más avanzado de interacciones entre proteínas

humanas

El Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca ha publicado un

trabajo en la revista científica Cell que servirá para entender mejor el

papel de las proteínas en las células humanas. El mapa de las

Vivir cerca de zonas verdes reduce la obesidad infantil

La obesidad en niños puede verse reducida al vivir cerca de zonas

verdes. Así lo indica una nueva investigación, que subraya cómo

dependiendo del tipo de espacio verde los beneficios podrían ser

Nueva cátedra de Medicina Regenerativa y Bioingeniería de Tejidos

La Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), el Instituto de

Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IISFJD) y el

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y

Las matemáticas revelan que el tratamiento simultáneo contra el VIH y

la hepatitis C aumenta su éxito

Un investigador español ha colaborado en un análisis matemático,

publicado recientemente en la revista Science Translational Medicine,

que concluye que la terapia conjunta frente al VIH en pacientes que

Las matemáticas revelan que el tratamiento simultáneo contra el sida y

la hepatitis C aumenta su éxito

Un investigador español ha colaborado en un análisis matemático,

publicado recientemente en la revista Science Translational Medicine,

que concluye que la terapia conjunta frente al sida en pacientes que

Bilingüismo y párkinson comparten las mismas áreas de control

ejecutivo en el cerebro

Un nuevo estudio sugiere que la enfermedad de Parkinson, ya desde sus

primeros estadios, afecta a la capacidad de gestionar en las personas

bilingües las dos lenguas, lo que dificulta los cambios y la gestión de la

La detección del cáncer de colon solo llega al 20% de la población

española

El cáncer de colon es el tumor de mayor incidencia en España, con unos

30.000 casos nuevos al año. Los programas de cribado, que detectan el

tumor de manera precoz en personas mayores de 50 años y sin

La inmunoterapia demuestra eficacia contra el cáncer de vejiga

metastásico

Hasta hoy, la inmunoterapia oncológica, que reactiva las defensas del

organismo para aniquilar el cáncer, solo había mostrado prometedores

resultados contra tumores de piel, riñón y pulmón. Ahora, la revista

Nature publica cinco estudios que prueban su poder para reducir el

Aumenta la tasa de hospitalizaciones tras años de descenso

En 2013 aumentó en un 0,1% la tasa de hospitalización, según la última

Encuesta de Morbilidad Hospitalaria realizada por el Instituto Nacional

de Estadística (INE). Las causas principales fueron las enfermedades del

aparato circulatorio y digestivo. Los fallecimientos en hospitales

descendieron en un 1,9% con respecto a 2012.

El sobrepeso y la obesidad provocan medio millón de nuevos casos de

cáncer cada año

Un nuevo estudio, publicado hoy en The Lancet Oncology y realizado

por la Agencia Internacional para la Investigación sobre el Cáncer,

muestra que cerca de medio millón de los nuevos casos de cáncer por

año se pueden atribuir al alto índice de masa corporal de la población.

.Biotecnología

New path of genetic research: Scientists uncover four-stranded elements

of maize DNA

Researchers have identified DNA elements in maize that could affect

the expression of hundreds or thousands of genes. The general public

thinks of DNA as two connected strands known as the double helix. But

Novel technique for gene insertion by genome editing

Using a novel gene knock-in technique, effective insertion of an

exogenous gene was demonstrated in human cells and in animal models,

including silkworms and frogs. This strategy universally enables gene

Vitamin supplement successfully prevents noise-induced hearing loss

A way to prevent noise-induced hearing loss has been found in a mouse

using a simple chemical compound that is a precursor to vitamin B3.

This discovery has important implications not only for preventing

Protein kinase R and dsRNAs, new regulators of mammalian cell

division

Scientists have revealed that the dsRNAs and Protein Kinase R (PKR)

regulate division of mammalian cells. This finding will provide

important clues to understanding the process of tumor formation and the

How are sea anemones so good at producing nerve cells?

A research group has revealed how a seemingly simple animal is able to

produce nerve cells throughout its entire body. The study shows that the

stem cells that a sea anemone uses to generate its nervous system are

Revealed: How bacteria drill into our cells and kill them

A team of scientists has revealed how certain harmful bacteria drill into

our cells to kill them. Their study shows how bacterial ‘nanodrills’

assemble themselves on the outer surfaces of our cells, and includes the

Sweet smell of success: Researchers boost methyl ketone production in

e. coli

Researchers have engineered E. coli bacteria to convert glucose into

significant quantities of methyl ketones, a class of chemical compounds

primarily used for fragrances and flavors, but highly promising as clean,

Test for horse meat developed

A fast, cheap alternative to DNA testing has been developed as a means

of distinguishing horse meat from beef. Because horses and cattle have

different digestive systems, the fat components of the two meats have

Revolutionizing genome engineering

Genome engineering with the RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas9 system in

animals and plants is changing biology. It is easier to use and more

efficient than other genetic engineering tools, thus it is already being

Duality in the human genome

Human genomes are extraordinarily individual -- a challenge for

personalized medicine. Results of a new study show that most genes can

occur in many different forms within a population: On average, about

Natural 'high' could avoid chronic marijuana use

Replenishing the supply of a molecule that normally activates

cannabinoid receptors in the brain could relieve mood and anxiety

disorders and enable some people to quit using marijuana, a new study

Unravelling the complexity of proteins

Knowledge of the three-dimensional structures of proteins is essential

for understanding biological processes. Structures help to explain

molecular and biochemical functions, visualize details of

Bitter food but good medicine from cucumber genetics

High-tech genomics and traditional Chinese medicine come together as

researchers identify the genes responsible for the intense bitter taste of

wild cucumbers. Taming this bitterness made cucumber, pumpkin and

Halting the hijacker: Cellular targets to thwart influenza virus infection

Methods for thwarting influenza viruses by shutting down the cellular

machinery they need, like cutting the fuel line on a bank robber’s

getaway car, have been revealed by scientists.

Ancient dental plaque: A 'whey' into our milk drinking past?

We drink milk because it is good for us, but we rarely stop to think why.

Archaeologists and geneticists have been puzzling this question since it

was revealed that the mutations which enable adults to drink milk are

under the strongest selection of any in the human genome.

Mind the gap: How new insight into cells could lead to better drugs

A new insight into immune cells could lead to more effective drug

treatments. Researchers investigated how different types of immune

cells communicate with each other -- and how they kill cancerous or

Desvelan cómo entra en el SNC la neurotoxina del tétanos

Un estudio revela cómo penetra en el sistema nervioso central la

neurotoxina del tétanos. Los investigadores creen que los resultados

servirán para mejorar la terapia frente a esta enfermedad.

Bioengineering study finds two-cell mouse embryos already 'talking'

about their future

Bioengineers have discovered that mouse embryos are contemplating

their cellular fates in the earliest stages after fertilization when the

embryo has only two to four cells, a discovery that could upend the

Hydrothermal settlers: Barnacle holds clues about how climate change

is affecting the deep ocean

The deep ocean seems so remote that it is difficult to imagine any sort

of human-generated change making an impact on deep-sea life. It is

even more difficult to collect or examine evidence from the deep ocean

Classical enzymatic theory revised by including water motions

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysists that lead most of

chemical reactions in living organisms. The main focus of enzymology

lies on enzymes themselves, whereas the role of water motions in

Cells' natural response to chronic protein misfolding may do more harm

than good

Protein misfolding diseases such as cystic fibrosis and Alzheimer’s may

be seriously exacerbated by the body’s own response against that

misfolding, according to a new study.

'Scary' centipede's genes reveal how life evolved on our planet

Centipedes, those many-legged creatures that startle us in our homes

and gardens, have been genetically sequenced for the first time. An

international team of over 100 scientists today reveals how this humble

Link between DNA transcription, disease-causing expansions

Researchers in human genetics have known that long nucleotide repeats

in DNA lead to instability of the genome and ultimately to human

hereditary diseases such Freidreich's ataxia and Huntington's disease.

Trojan horse tactic gives parasites edge over immune systems

Parasites use Trojan horse subterfuge to suppress the immunity of their

victims when causing infection, according to a study. Scientists have

shown that parasites are able to secrete tiny sealed packages of genetic

Vultures evolved an extreme gut to cope with disgusting dietary habits

How is it that vultures can live on a diet of carrion that would at least

lead to severe food-poisoning, and more likely kill most other animals?

Body size requires hormones under control

The proper regulation of body size is of fundamental importance, but

the mechanisms that stop growth are still unclear. Scientists have shed

new light on how animals regulate body size. The researchers

Sialic acid shields human cells from attack by immune system

Biochemists have identified molecular structures that allow the immune

system to tell friend from foe. The researchers identified and

crystallized a complex that forms the contact point between the healthy

.Neurociencia

Vitamin supplement successfully prevents noise-induced hearing loss

A way to prevent noise-induced hearing loss has been found in a mouse

using a simple chemical compound that is a precursor to vitamin B3.

This discovery has important implications not only for preventing

Brain representations of social thoughts accurately predict autism

diagnosis

Researchers have created brain-reading techniques to use neural

representations of social thoughts to predict autism diagnoses with 97

percent accuracy. This establishes the first biologically based diagnostic

Wake Up and Breathe program benefits ICU patients

Waking intensive care unit patients and having them breathe on their

own decreased both sedation levels and coma prevalence. The Wake Up

and Breathe program also showed a trend toward reduced delirium in a

Tailor-made pharmaceuticals as basis for novel antidepressants

SAFit-ligands provide the foundation for a mechanistically novel

treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders. FKBP51 and FKBP52

are proteins which regulate multiple cellular activities. Most importantly

The Biology of Anxious Temperament May Lie With a Problem in an

Anxiety 'Off Switch'

Persistent anxiety is one of the most common and distressing symptoms

compromising mental health. Most of the research on the neurobiology

of anxiety has focused on the generation of increased anxiety, i.e., the

New cause of child brain tumor condition identified

Doctors and scientists have identified changes in a gene, which can

increase the risk of developing brain tumors in children with a rare

inherited condition called Gorlin syndrome. Most people with Gorlin

Impact of traumatic brain injury on longterm memory explored

A new article provides insight into the variable impact of traumatic

brain injury on long-term memory. Memory impairment affects 54% to

84% of individuals with TBI. While the variable impact of TBI on long-

Diabetes in midlife linked to significant cognitive decline 20 years later

People diagnosed with diabetes in midlife are more likely to experience

significant memory and cognitive problems during the next 20 years

than those with healthy blood sugar levels, new research suggests. The

Brain folding study defines two distinct groups of mammals

Programs that control the production of neurons during brain

development determine how the brain folds, researchers report. The

researchers analyzed the gyrencephaly index, indicating the degree of

How early trauma influences behavior

Traumatic and stressful events during childhood increase the risk to

develop psychiatric disorders, but to a certain extent, they can also help

better deal with difficult situations later in life. Researchers have studied

Natural 'high' could avoid chronic marijuana use

Replenishing the supply of a molecule that normally activates

cannabinoid receptors in the brain could relieve mood and anxiety

disorders and enable some people to quit using marijuana, a new study

High school football players show brain changes after one season, even

in absence of concussions

Some high school football players exhibit measurable brain changes

after a single season of play even in the absence of concussion,

according to a new study.

Imaging shows brain connection breakdown in early Alzheimer's

disease

Changes in brain connections visible on MRI could represent an

imaging biomarker of Alzheimer's disease, according to a new study.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia. As many as

PET/CT shows pituitary abnormalities in veterans with PTSD

Hybrid imaging with positron emission tomography and computed

tomography (PET/CT) in the pituitary region of the brain is a promising

tool for differentiating military veterans with post-traumatic stress

Bilingualism delays Alzheimer's manifestation by more than four years

The symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD) manifest themselves about

four to five years later in bilinguals as opposed to monolinguals. In

bilinguals, the disease onset was estimated at the age of 77, while in

Structure of Neuron-Connecting Synaptic Adhesion Molecules

Discovered

A research team has found the three-dimensional structure of synaptic

adhesion molecules, which orchestrate synaptogenesis. The research

findings also propose the mechanism of synapses in its initial formation.

Brain regions that encode words, grammar, story identified

Scientists have produced the first integrated computational model of

reading, identifying which parts of the brain are responsible for such

sub-processes as parsing sentences, determining the meaning of words

The genetics of memory performance

In the largest study of the genetics of memory ever undertaken, an

international research team has discovered two common genetic variants

that are believed to be associated with memory performance. The

Immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in brain cancers

New evidence that immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in

glioblastoma and brain metastases was presented today by Dr Anna

Sophie Berghoff at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology 2014

System reveals how our brains, bodies change as we fall asleep

A system to accurately track the dynamic process of falling asleep has

been developed, something has not been possible with existing

techniques. In their report, the research team describes how combining

Brain inspired data engineering

What if next-generation ICT systems could be based on the brain’s

structure and its cognitive and adaptive processes? A groundbreaking

paradigm of brain-inspired intelligent ICT architectures is being born.

Out of danger: Neural basis for avoiding threats

A key neuronal pathway that makes learning to avoid unpleasant

situations possible has been discovered by researchers. The work shows

that avoidance learning requires neural activity in the habenula

representing changes in future expectations.

Serotonin's early role in assembly of brain circuits

During the development of the cortex, different kinds of neurons must

migrate to attain their final destinations, before forming the essential

neural circuits necessary for good cognitive and emotional function. But

Chronic alcohol intake can damage white matter pathways across entire

brain

Chronic misuse of alcohol results in measurable damage to the brain. A

new study uses high-resolution structural magnetic resonance scans to

compare the brains of individuals with a history of alcoholism versus

Youths with a family history of substance use disorders have less

efficient forebrain

Youths with a family history of alcohol and other drug use disorders

have a greater risk of developing substance-use disorders (SUDs)

themselves than their peers with no such family histories. A new study

Fragile X study offers hope of new autism treatment

People affected by a common inherited form of autism could be helped

by a drug that is being tested as a treatment for cancer, according to

researchers. Fragile X Syndrome is the most common genetic cause of

New research supporting stroke rehabilitation

New research could help improve stroke patients' rehabilitation, experts

say. The research may provide useful applications for the care of stroke

patients who have restricted use of their upper limbs. If stroke patients

'Trigger' for stress processes discovered in brain

An important factor for stress has been identified by scientists. This is

the protein secretagogin that plays an important role in the release of the

stress hormone CRH and which only then enables stress processes in the

Drug to reduce side-effects of 'binge drinking' developed

A drug that could reduce the harmful side-effects of ‘binge drinking’,

especially by teenagers, has been successfully developed and tested by a

team of scientists. Researchers say that this development may also link

Stroke damage mechanism identified

A mechanism linked to the brain damage often suffered by stroke

victims has been discovered by scientists, who are now searching for

drugs to block it. Strokes happen when the blood supply to part of the

Teens with a history of TBI are nearly 4 times more likely to have used

crystal meth

Ontario students between grades 9 and 12 who said they had a traumatic

brain injury in their lifetime, also reported drug use rates two to four

times higher than peers with no history of TBI, according to research.

Why antidepressant may be effective in postpartum depression

An antidepressant commonly prescribed for women with postpartum

depression may restore connections between cells in brain regions that

are negatively affected by chronic stress during pregnancy, new

Gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability

Our natural gut-residing microbes can influence the integrity of the

blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from harmful substances in

the blood, a new study in mice shows. The blood-brain barrier is a

highly selective barrier that prevents unwanted molecules and cells from

entering the brain from the bloodstream.

Seniors draw on extra brainpower for shopping

Holiday shopping can be mentally exhausting for anyone. But a new

study finds that older adults seem to need extra brainpower to make

shopping decisions -- especially ones that rely on memory. The study

Pain from rejection, physical pain may not be so similar after all

Over the last decade, neuroscientists have largely come to believe that

physical pain and social pain are processed by the brain in the same

way. But a new study shows that the two kinds of pain actually use

High-fructose diet in adolescence may exacerbate depressive-like

behavior

When animals consume a diet high in fructose throughout adolescence,

it can worsen depressive- and anxiety-like behavior and alter how the

brain responds to stress. "Our results offer new insights into the ways in

Why do so many seniors with memory loss and dementia never get

tested?

Despite clear signs that their memory and thinking abilities have gone

downhill, more than half of seniors with these symptoms haven’t seen a

doctor about them, a new study finds.

'Off switch' for pain discovered: Activating the adenosine A3 receptor

subtype is key to powerful pain relief

A way to block a pain pathway in animal models of chronic neuropathic

pain has been discovered by researchers, suggesting a promising new

approach to pain relief.

Copper on the brain at rest

Proper copper levels are essential to the health of the brain at rest, new

research shows. The brain consumes 20-percent of the oxygen taken in

through respiration. This high demand for oxygen and oxidative

An enzyme that fixes broken DNA sometimes destroys it instead,

researchers find

Enzymes inside cells that normally repair damaged DNA sometimes

wreck it instead, researchers have found. The insight could lead to a

better understanding of the causes of some types of cancer and

Dogs hear our words and how we say them

When people hear another person talking to them, they respond not only

to what is being said -- those consonants and vowels strung together into

words and sentences -- but also to other features of that speech -- the

Cognitive test battery developed to assess impact of long duration

spaceflights on astronauts' brain function

A cognitive test battery, known as Cognition, has been developed for

the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI) to measure

the impact of typical spaceflight stressors (like microgravity, radiation,

Brain researchers pinpoint gateway to human memory

An international team of researchers has successfully determined the

location, where memories are generated with a level of precision never

achieved before. To this end the scientists used a particularly accurate

Prehistoric conflict hastened human brain's capacity for collaboration

Warfare not only hastened human technological progress and vast social

and political changes, but may have greatly contributed to the

evolutionary emergence of humans' high intelligence and ability to work

Isolation of important centres in brain results in age-related memory

deficits

Poor memory among the elderly can be explained by regions in the

hippocampus complex, an important part of the brain, becoming more

co-active during rest, thereby interacting less efficiently with other parts

How various brain areas interact in decisions

Our decisions can be pictured in the brain, and now scientists have been

able to show in a recent study which areas are most active in decision

making. Often the so-called prefrontal cortex not only apparently shows

Mindfulness techniques can help protect pregnant women against

depression

Pregnant women with histories of major depression are about 40 percent

less likely to relapse into depression if they practice mindfulness

techniques -- such as meditation, breathing exercises and yoga -- along

Alzheimer's disease: Molecular signals cause brain cells to switch into a

hectic state

Alzheimer's disease damages the nervous system in many different

ways. This is because the disease affects not only neurons but also other

brain cells, such as the astrocytes. These support the normal function of

Songbirds help scientists develop cooling technique to safely map

human brain

A new diagnostic technique — resulting from monitoring thousands of

courtship calls from songbirds — can be used to safely map the human

.Células madre y Epigenética

How are sea anemones so good at producing nerve cells?

A research group has revealed how a seemingly simple animal is able to

produce nerve cells throughout its entire body. The study shows that the

stem cells that a sea anemone uses to generate its nervous system are

Tremendous progress in development of skin stem cell treatments for

butterfly children

A major advancement has been made towards a future therapy for

butterfly children. A treatment with fibroblasts generated from induced

pluripotent stem cells has been highly successful in mice. The next step

Identifying the cellular origin of fibrosis

Researchers have identified what they believe to be the cells responsible

for fibrosis, the buildup of scar tissue. Fibrotic diseases, such as chronic

kidney disease and failure, lung disease, heart failure and cirrhosis of

Protein key to harnessing regenerative power of blood stem cells

identified by researchers

A protein that is integral to the regulation of human blood stem cell

regeneration has been uncovered by researchers. The study revealed that

stem cells which lack the protein have markedly increased ability to

Scientists identify bone cells that could help children who need

corrective facial surgery

Our bones are smart. Bones know that by adolescence it's time to stop

growing longer and stronger, and from that point on bones keep their

shape by healing injuries. Many factors cause craniofacial deformities,

Gene therapy cure for children with 'bubble baby' disease

Stem cell researchers cured 18 children born without a working immune

system due to life-threatening ADA-deficient Severe Combined

Immunodeficiency (SCID). Breakthrough stem cell gene therapy

Efficacy of new drug against stem cells that provoke onset, growth of

cancer, metastasis

An team of researchers has demonstrated the efficacy of a new drug

against cancerogenic stem cells, which cause the onset and development

of cancer, of relapse after chemotherapy and metastasis. This drug,

New ways to drain cancer's 'fuel tank' discovered

A potential weakness in cancer’s ability to return or become resistant to

treatment has been discovered, targeting the ‘fuel’ part of stem cells

which allows tumors to grow. By observing cancer stem cells in a lab

Biblioteca. Facultad de Biología

Universidad de Salamanca. Campus Miguel de Unamuno

c/Donantes de Sangre s/n 37007 Salamanca

angelpoveda@usal.es

http://campus.usal.es/~bibliotecabiologia/