Post on 13-May-2017
1.Client a. Máxima entidad jerárquica 2.Company code a. Mínima entidad legal b. Smallest organizational unit for which you must report a legal balance sheet and a profit and loss statement 3.Chart of accounts a. Incluye dos segmentos (Chart of account / Company code) b. Se crea a nivel cliente Characteristics are:
-company code
-customer
-vendor
-country
-period
-account Organizational elements of financial accounting
client
company cod
business area Resources of the application component Financial Accounting
management and presentation of all accounting data
open and integrated data flow
operational reports preparation An integrated financial accounting is an important factor for billing because when creating the billing document, the documents for financial accounting (FI) and Controlling (CO) ARE AUTOMATICALLY CREATED 4.Principio de variante a.Ejemplos de variante: posting year, screens b.Que propiedades puedes asignar a un field al crear una variante i.Hide a field ii.Protect a field i ii.Make a field mandatory 5.Document principle a.Toda transaccion debe contener un documento 6.Fiscal year a. Independent i.Calendar ii.Non calendar b. Specific c.Fiscal year variant i.Controls 1.The open periods (a period interval for closing and another for day-to-
day business)
2.The number of periods (up to 16 periods and special periods)
ii.Un fiscal year variant definido como year dependent tiene todos los años los
mismos numeros de periodos y empiezan en las mismas fechas
iii.Número máximo de periodos especiales a ser definidos en el SAP ECC
system
1.CUATRO
d. Los open posting periods durante un fiscal year estan definidos por
i.Posting periods variant
7.Field status (HDRO)
a. El de document no tiene display, el de la cuenta tiene los cuatro
b. Factores que determinan el field status para vendor
i.Account group
ii.Transaction
iii.Company code
c. Cuando se postea un GL document con dos field status diferentes para
posting key. Si un status se marca REQUIRED ENTRY y el otro HIDDEN
ENTRY
i.Un mensaje de error ocurre
d. Que controlan:
i. Document type: number range assigned
1. Es a nivel cliente
ii. Account group: controls the data that has to be entered at the time of
creation of a master record
iii. Posting key: controls how document line items are entered and
posted in the sap system
1.Controla
a. Account type (customer, vendor, fixed asset, general ledger)
b. The status of the fields in the document postings
c. If the posting is a debit or a credit
e. The field status group is defined in a field status variant
8. Account group
a. Controla toda las cuentas de costumer y vendor
b. Controla
i. Field status
ii. Number range
iii. One time customer or vendor
c. General ledger account group
i. The account group determines the number range interval for the
general ledger accounts
ii. The account group controls the status of the fields in the company
code segment of the general ledger master record
iii. The account group is a classification for general ledger accounts
d. Account group for vendors controls
i. If the vendors are one-time vendors
ii.The field status of the master records
iii. The number range interval for vendor master data
e. Account group for customer controls
i. If the customers are one-time customers
i. The number range interval for customer master data
iii. The field status of the master records
9. Cost center
a. Que data es transferida automaticamente al cost center planning
i. Planned depreciation from fixed assets
10. Profit center
11. Segment
a. Splitting
i. Neceito rules and methods
12. General ledger approach (una conta bajo varios escenarios) / Parallel accounting
(muchas contas)
a. La unica desventaja: solo puedo hacer las valuaciones grupales de un layer
group
b. Ventajas:
Un customer quiere implementar parallel accounting en asset accounting. Como se
implementa
by using two depreciation areas
FACTS:
The general ledger accounts defined with a foreign currency can be posted
only in this currency
The general ledger accounts defined with local currency can be posted in any
currency
The general accounts defined with open item management must have the line
item display option activated
It is NOT always possible to display the line items of a general ledger account
Las cuentas para las que no se recomienda activar el line item display en su
master records son:
reconciliation accounts
tax accounts
revenue accounts
inventory accounts
The reconciliation accounts link the subledgers with the general ledger in real time
Reconciliation accounts
The reconciliation accounts link the sub ledgers (accounts payable and
accounts recievable) with the general ledger
The reconciliation accounts are assigned to the customers and vendors in their
master records
Which evaluations can be executed with flexible General ledger
Financial evaluation reports
Account balances and financial statements based on drilldown reports
Interest types that are possible in the SAP ECC system
account balances
interest on arrears
To calculate interest for a customer, it must have an interest indicator in its master
data el asset accounting se usa en financial accounting para
manage fixed assets by the system
13. Scenarios (6 escenarios)
a) Bussiness area
b) Cost of sales accounting
c) Cost center update
d) Profit center update
e) Segment reporting
f) Preparation of consolidation
14. Group chart of account
Tres tipos de chart of accounts
i. Alternative or country chart of accounts
ii. Operating chart of account
iii. Group chart of accounts
15. Controlling
16. Operating concern
a. Unidad maxima de control,
b. Agrupa
i. Controlling areas
1. Se asignan a: company code
2. Si quieres asignar muchos company codes a una controlling
area
a. The company code must have the same operating
chart of accounts
17. Currency
a. Key identificator
18. Foreign exchange rate tipo de cambio
a. The general ledger accounts used for exchange rate differences, in the
foreign currency valuation, must NOT be solely the profit & loss statement
b. For the same method, the exchange rate postings can use the direct and i
ndirect procedure at the same date FALSE
c. The exchange rate differences posted at the time of the invoice payment are
not defined as exchange rate differences realized
19. General ledger accounts 10 dígitos, cuentas de IBAN 34 pueden ser
alfanumericas
a. Deben tener
i. Company code segment
ii. Chart of accounts segment
House bank solo se puede asignar a un company code
Liga para matchear cuentas de banco con sap cuentas de reconciliación (nivel
company code), bank key and country ( nivel cliente)
20. Business area
21. Customer / vendor accounts (customer le vendo, vendor le compro)
a) General segment
b) Company code segment
c) Sales segment / purchase
When creating master data for vendors/customer, the screen layout can be affected by
account group control
transaction dependent control
company code dependent control
When creating a master record for customer/vendor, an account group is assigned.
This account group
is filled out in the first screen of the master record creation
The complete customer account has the following segments
company code
general data (client level)
sales area
Se previene vendors duplicados por medio de:
activate master data comparison for the vendor
activate message control for the duplicate vendor check
SEGMENTOS:
Del customer: sales area segment
Del vendor: purchasing organization segment
Un purchasing organization puede ser asignado a varios company codes
The maintenance of data for vendors and customer MUST NOT be done centrally
22. Si es customer y vendor a la vez
a. Settings necessary to clear both roles against each other
i. The “clearing with vendor” field must be selected in the customer
account and the corresponding
ii. The vendor number must be entered in the customer account
or the customer number must be entered in the vendor account
b. Se debe especificar solo en la general data segment
23. Payer / Payee
a. Alternative payee
i. You can specify an alternative payee in the general data
sement and also in the company code segment
ii. The alternative payee in the company code segment has
more priority than the alternative payee in the general data
segment
b. Alternative payer
i. The alternative payer in the company code segment has more
priority than the one in the general data segment
ii. It can be filled out an alternative payer in the general data
segment and in the company code segment.
24. Head office / Branch
a. Funcion que puede apoyar a un customer a transferir todos los items que
estan posted en su customer account
25. Dual control principle (cuando necesita una reconfirmación)
a. Ejemplos: confirmation of the vendor account to change of sensistive fields,
parking
26. Document
a. Header / ítem
i. 3 caracteristicas: document number, company code, fiscal year
b. Que hay a nivel header
c. Document Type (numero rango)
i. Numero de documento no se puede traslapar, es único.
ii. Controla
1. Account types allowed for posting
2. Number range interval for accounting documents
d. Posting Key (controla: tipo de cuenta / debito y crédito / field status
additional details)
i. S cuenta de mayor G/L, Asset, K vendor , D customer, M material
e. Numero externos e internos
i. Internos numéricos
1. Defined to a fiscal year in the future
2. Per each fiscal year
ii. Externos alfanuméricos--- alfanumericos
f. Campo asignación-Assignment
i. Assigment sort field used as a reference for different modules for
finance, llenado con info del sistema automaticamente, el usuario no
puede cambiarla
g. Document splitting
i. Un customer quiere usar document splitting para enable balance
sheets by segments. How do you set up the document split
1. Assign the splitting method to the transaction variant
2. Define splitting rules
h. Reglas, métodos splitting (entry view general ledger view)
i. Document control change (textos campos de referencia a nivel header y a
nivel item)
i. En el posted solo puedo cambiar los textos
ii. En el parked puedo cambiar, el amount, fechas, cuenta, taxes… no puedo cambiar
document type, currency
j. Reversa (tipos: standard-negativa)
si se postea una cantidad incorrecta en financial accounting, se puede
corregir
-reverse the document by normal reversal posting
-reverse the document by negative posting
The transaction figures are not increased because the reversal
document has the same posting type (debit/credit) but with
negative sign un cleared line item solo puede ser reversed
despues de el reversal del clearing document
k. Taxes
The tax code is usued for:
verify the tax amount
calculate the tax amount
verify the tax category
l. Cross company
i. Cuando hago asientos contables cross company se van a general ledger
ii. Numero de la cross company se conforma por
iii. A cross-company code transaction has at least two accounting documents
iv. The tax amounts related to a cross-company code transactions are posted
completely for the first company code
v. The company code used in a cross-company code document can have
different currencies
vi. The clearing accounts used for cross-company code document must be
general ledger account
m. COFI-FICO
i. Parámetros para real time integration
ii. Que actividades generan un Fi document en real time integration?
1. Subsequent change of a segment in a CO document
2. Assessment between cost centers in one company code with
differen cost centers
iii. In a cross-company controlling: several company codes can be assigned to a
controlling area
You entered a G/L account posting and recieved an error message, which objet causes
this error:
posting key
field status variant
Que objetos puedes postear via cash journal
one-time customer
customer
Para crear un nuevo cash journal para un company code, se debe configurar:
the name and identification of the cash journal
the general ledger account to be used with the transactions of the cash journal
the company code to use in the cash journal
the currency to execute the cash journal
Que es obligatorio para hacer que las G/L accounts esten listas para postear?
a chart of account segment
at leas one company code segment
qué elementos del customer account creation tiene que ser completadas antes de
postear entradas a la cuenta
general data
company code data
sales area data
In a customer master record
the fields forming each screen for customer master record can be defined as
required, suppressed or optional
the customer key can be externally assigned
the customer master record has 3 segments: general data, company code and
sales área segments
the general ledger account assigned to a customer master record is recorded in
the company code segment
Prerequisities for posting a vendor invoice in FI
create a company code segment in the vendor master
set up a number range for vendor invoices
General ledger accounts master records are used for
control posting transactions in general ledgers accounts
process the accounting data
Option for creating a General Ledger account master record in the system
data transfer
general ledger account copy
with template
27. Clearing an account
a. Se casan las facturas con los pagos y se genera un documento que no tiene
line items
b. The clearing document posting never has line ítems FALSE
c. The payment document created when an outgoing payment is posted is also
a clearing document
d. A payment term can only be used if it is assigned to the vendor master
record FALSE
i. The payment terms used in the vendor master record in the company
code segment can differ from the one used in the purchasing
organization segment
e.When a manual payment is posted, the system automatically posts the
payment document and clears the open line item
f. The automatic clearing program create automatic postings
28. Posting with payment
a. En el mismo documento de pago lo saldo.
Residual se crea un nuevo documento con la diferencia
Partial los dos quedan abiertos y no cambian los terminos
Reason code limpias las cuentas porque te las llevas a cuentas de incobrables
En un pago que usa partial payment, la invoice y el payment se quedan como open
line items
Cuando la diferencia del pago de la posted invoice es mas grande que el tolerance
limit, puedes:
post the difference to an account assigned to a reason code
post the different as a residual ítem the invoice item is cleared and a new
line item is created with the total of the difference
The tolerance groups can define amount limits for:
amount per vendor /customer line item
employee authorization fo discount by anticipated payment
total amount per document
The credit memo can be related to invoices and assure the same due date for both
Un payment block puede ser hecho:
in a vendor invoice line item
in the vendor master record
when a difference arises in the invoice verification process
Your customer do not pay open invoices. How can you accomplish an automatic flat-
rate individual value adjustment?
enter a value adjusment key in the customer master
create and dispatch a valuation run for each period
Si en el pago los datos ingresados para el método de pago en el documento, los datos
del payment data y la fecha del master dada son diferentes. Como lo maneja el
sistema?
the payment run are stopped and the system issues on errore message
DOCUMENT data overrides the master data
Funciones de accounts payable
book and manage accounting data
making automatic accounting documents related to operational movements
Important controls related to the accounting documents
document type
posting key
Group fields in which alll of them are in table FLAGLFLEXT
fiscal year
company code
business area
cost center
account
Typical sequence of steps in a purchase to pay process
1. purchase requisition
2. purchase order
3. goods reciepts
4. invoice verification
5. payment
Typical sequence of steps in a product sales from stock
1. 1.Incoming order
2. 2.Transport/delivery
3. 3.Billing
4. 4.Dunning and payment
29. Accruals
a) Accrual anticipado
b) Deferrals diferido
30. Payment run
a. Se debe definir payment method a nivel company code y despues en el
customer/vendor master data
b. El payment method puede ser usado si antes es ingresado en
i .El vendor master record o en una line item
c. Propuesta se puede borrar y editar, la corrida solo una vez
d. Si haces la corrida y te aparece bloqueda una factura la puedes
desbloquear temporalmente
e. In the parameters of the automatic payment run, all company codes must be
at the same country
f. Parámetros que se deben especificar:
i. Payment method
ii. Company code
iii. Payment proposal
iv. Next payment run
31. Sapscript
a. Formatos que existen en sap para imprimir
32. PMW
a. Callup points specific places in an application that specify the exact
location where a validation/substitution occurs. If you want to validate or
substitute a value, you must activate validation or substitution for the callup
point for which you want the validation or substitution to occur.
b. Ventajas
i. It can be used to change payment formats without modifying the
programs
ii. It can be used to create new payment formats
iii. It provides a uniform set of functions for all kings of payment
transactions
33. Dunning
a.Niveles minimo: no hay, máximo: 9
b.Para crear dunning notices se debe utilizar:
i.Dunning areas (objeto)
c.Que se define cuando configuras dunning procedure
i.Dunning levels
ii.Dunning charges for each dunning level
d.Que listas se pueden imprimir para edit un dunning propose
i. Blocked accounts
ii.Blocked line items
34. Reportes (Drill down report)
a. Componentes
i. Characteristics
ii.Key figures
b. Características del Drill down report
i. Fiscal year
ii. Company code
iii. Bussiness area
c. Puede ser interfaces
i. Saltar del drilldown a otra interfaces
ii. Infocubes cubo que te toma información de diferentes fuentes
d. Objetos en la total table (FAGLGLEXT) puede ser evaluado con drill-down
reports
i. Segments
ii. Profit centers
iii. Cost centers
iv. Business areas
v. Functional areas
35. Financial statement versión
36. Audit trail
a. Reportes para auditoria, son obligatorios
b. Puedes ir al detalle del documento
37. Actividades de cierre
a. Mensuales
i. Legales
ii.operativas
b. Anuales
i.Tienes que estar en el ultimo periodo del año anterior para empezar a
hacer los cirres
ii. El posteo de activos se hace anual
1.Book depreciation
2.Cost of sales deprecation
c. Actividades de year-end. Cuales son obligatorias para cerrar los libros
i. Run the carry forward
1. El sistema carries forward the balance de PROFIT
ACCOUNTS a un special retained
ii. Run the fiscal year change in asset accounting
1. Prerequisitos
a. The previous year has to be closed for ASSET
accounting
b. The fiscal year change program cannot be started
before the last posting period of the current year
d. Which functions are provided by the closing activity reclassify
payable/recievable
i. Adjustment posting for changed reconciliation account
ii. Regrouping and sorting of payables and recievables
e. Actividades de cierre supported by the system
1. Open of new posting periods
2. Balance carry forward
3. Value adjustment
4. Discounts
5. Foreingn currency revaluation
6. Closing notes
f. Como parte del cierre del fin de mes, algunas actividades de general ledger
accounting son ejecutadas. Algunas de estas son
1. Open and closing posting periods
2. External reporting
3. Book accounting data
4. Internal analysis
5. Balance audit trail execution
g. Antes de cerrar el general ledger accounting, es común ejecutar actividades de
cierre de las subsidiary ledgers.
i. Las últimas son
1. Accounts recievable
2. Accounts payable
3. Asset accounting
ii. The assignment field of a line item is automatic filled during a posting
according to the sort field used in the account master record of a general
ledger or subsidiary ledger
h. Las actividades de cierre mayores en general ledger accounting se clasifican en
i. Period closing (monthly in general)
ii. Fiscal year closing
38. Actividades de cierre legales
39. Actividades de cierre técnicas y organizacionales
40. Valuaciones
41. Schedule manager
a. Tool to schedule the monthly closing activities in financial accounting and
in other components of the system
b. Para tareas recurrentes
c. 4 tareas que se pueden hacer
i. create task list
ii. schedule task in daily overview
iii. monitor execution
iv. analyze results
42. Cockpit
a. Es un schedule manager Para cirres
b. Proposito
i. Performe periodically recurring activities
c. Beneficios
i. Handling notes
ii. Task list
d. Tasks types supported by closing cockpit or schedule manager
i. Programs with or without variant
ii. Notes (as a reminder or milestone)
iii. Transactions
RECURRING ENTRIES periodic postings recorded by a program based in
template documents
43. ASSETS
a. Chart of depreciation
i. Pueden ser creadas como copias de charts of depreciation disponibles
en el sistema
ii. A que primary cost accounting ojects puede ser posteada la
depreciación
1.Internal order
2.Cost center
iii. El chart of depreciation tamplate by country, supplied by SAP has a
list of depreciation areas that CAN be changed
iv. Es posible que diferentes legal companies usen la misma chart of
depreciation
b. Transaction type
i. Determina exactamente cual GL account debe de usarse en una asset
stransaction
c. Áreas de depreciación
i. Represent different valuation of fixed assets
ii. Frecuentemente, el fixed assets inventory and movements son
valuadas de una manera específica y con un propósito. El objeto
DEPRECIATION AREAS permite mas de una forma de fixed assets
valuation in el systema SAP ECC
iii. How do you recommend setting up a depreciation area
1. Based on company codes
iv. Métodos de depreciation
v. Depreciation key
d. Asset class
i. Aplica a TODAS LAS COMPANY CODES A NIVEL CLIENTE
ii. The account determination from asset class has the general ledger
account to be used
iii. Controla
1. Fixed asset classification
2. Account determination
iv. Funciones basicas del asset class
1. Account determination
2.Number range assignments
3.Screen layout
4.Fixed assets special types
v. Number range
1. Un memo item puede usar internal o external number range,
but it must be the number range assigned to the document type
used
a. False
2. Puede ser asignado a mas de una customer/vendor account
group
3. Only one number range can be assigned to a vendor account
group
vi. Maintenance rules
vii. Screen layout
viii. Account determination
1. One of the major functions of an asset class is to link, by the
account determination the fixed assets master records to the
general ledger accounts to be used
2. Valuation method caracteríctica de la account
determination que puede ser usada para asignar un revaluation
adjustment to different G/L accounts
e. Fixed assets
i. Some fixed assets line items reports usa the ALV (ABAP List Viewer)
function
ii. The information system for fixed assets is a report tree available by SAP
iii. Some fixed assets line items reports use the ABAP Query function
Some data in the fixed asset master record by depreciation area
depreciation key
useful life
Actividad que tiene un impacto en el net book value de un asset
changing the useful life of the asset
Características de account determination que pueden ser usadas para asignar
revaluation adjustment
valuation method
currency
valuation key
f. Tipos de activos , el tipo entra en el activo
g. AUC
i.Caracteristicas
ii. Razones para capitalizar un asset under construction usando el line
ítem settlement
1. The auc has not been released
2.The settlement profile does not allow assets as valid recievers
3.There is no settlement profile assigned to the company code
h. Master Data
i. Características
1. It must be assigned on client level
2. It is used on a long-term basis for mutiple business processes
i. Acquisitions
i. Creacion de master datacatalogo
ii. Adqusicion cuando ya empieza registrarlos contablemente para que su
vida util empiece a depreciar
iii. Opciones para booking on asset acquisition
1. Asset acquisition integrated with account payable
2. Asset acquisition posted from material management
3. Asset acquisition using the clearing account
iv. El GR/IR clearing account se usa en el componente Material Management
v. Cuando una purchase order es creada en material managemente, NO SE
crea un correlated document en el componente financial accounting
In the scenario of buying for stock, when a material reciept is recorded, the system
creates a debit posting in a stock account and a credit posting in the clearing account
GR/IR FALSE
When you post an acquisition from a vendor in the fixed asset component, the system
credits the vendor account and debits the fixed asset TRUE
j. Retirements
i. Completos
ii. Parciales
iii. Scrapping basura (obsoletos)
k. Auc
l.Depreciation
i.Planned (normal)
1.Planned value reduction of the fixed asset based on a natrual
wearing
ii.Unplanned
1.Caused by exception circumstances like damage in the fixed
assets that reduces permanently its values
iii. Special
1. No solo representa la depreciacion basada en reglas legales
Un investment request puede ser usado para simular fixed assets depreciations
m. Inter-intra company asset acquisition
i. Que funciones pueden ser usadas para generar inter-company posting
documents
1. Central payment
2.Central procurement
Que transacciones en el procurement process con valuated good reciept crean
documentos
post valuated goods reciept
enter invoice reciept
n. Actividades de fiscal year chang-year change progam
i. Fiscal year change program (cuando cambia tu año fiscal)
44.
SAP List viewer
a. Es como un excel
b. Puedes:
i.Sort
ii.Filter
iii.Subtract
iv.Change position of the columns
c. Funciones interactivas provided por el SAP List viewer
i. User of the report-report interface
ii. Creation of subtotals for specific values
45. Validation tiene mas peso en el orden jerarquico que la sustitucion
a. Pasos
i. Prerrequisito
ii. Cheque
iii. Mensaje
46. Substitution
a. Pasos
i. Prerrequisito
ii. Sustituyo
Ej. Two cost centers are merged, and all future postings should go to only one of
posting, your customer
wants to ensure that the wrong cost center is automatically replaced by the correct one.
-Define a substitution in FI
Prerequisite: wrong cost center
Substitute: correct one
47. Rules
a. Maneja a traves de operandos
48. Special G/L Transactions
a. Se dividen en:
i. Free offsting
ii.Automatic offsetting
iii. Noted item
New General Ledger accounting
si un customer quiere usar segment reporting en balance sheet y PLL accounts
que necesitas hacer para tener las updates del profit center sean parte de la
general ledger
*assign the profit center upduate scenario to the ledger
solo una ledger puede ser definido como la active leading ledger
Prerequisito para usar el segment field como un standard account assignment object
new segment accounting must be activated in the SAP system
49. Parking-Holding
a) En el parking hay mas control, se neciesita un workflow definition para soltrlo
b) b.Holding no aparece en reports, parking si
c) c.Ninguno de los dos afectan las transaction figures
d) d.Parking documents ofrece las siguientes opciones adicionales comparado
con los holding documents
i. A parked document can be changed and posted by a different user,
thereby supporting the document
ii. A parked document can be posted using a workflow
NetWeaver
supports core business solutions in four subcomponents including people
internal platform
Master data management company with unification of data in
heterogeneous environments
SAP Enterprise Infraestructure (SAP XI) component de SAP NetWeaver
que realiza cross-system application processes
SAP WEB AS provides SAP NetWeaver Application Server is a component
of the NetWeaver solution which works as a web application server to SAP
solutions
ASAP Roadmap
1. 1.project preparation
2. 2.business blueprint
3. 3.realization
4. 4.final preparation
5. 5.go live & support
Solution Manager
-En que scenarios es usado
Operations
Implementation
optimization